(Knowledge and thought are two different concepts.) Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 infoConfucius's so-called high realm lies in the fact that he has his own way. Preaching and teaching to solve doubts, there is no Tao, and only knowledge is just a small skill. Knowledge is like a different grain that you need to make into a good wine. If you have your own independent thoughts, you will probably have your own preliminary path. Thoughts are not swords and guns, but they are full of power!)

We have trained a lot of highly educated barbarians

Zhu Ziqing and Mei Lanfang's passion comes from their love for culture. Culture is indeed a noble thing that can arouse our feelings, and it is not the same as knowledge. A cultured person, you will find that his vitality is very vigorous. He is not cold, but full of passion, feelings, and a loving and poetic vision for the world.

However, today, our education from primary and secondary schools to universities is more about teaching knowledge, technology, and professions, but it lacks culture. We have cultivated a lot of refined egoists, a lot of highly educated savages, who are cold.

There is a famous saying: knowledge is power. Chinese people are familiar with it, and they agree with it very much. Historically, after 1840, China was vulnerable to Western science and technology, so it came to a conclusion: if it is backward, it will be beaten. This backwardness refers to the backwardness of science and technology. From a practical point of view, if we can't answer a standardized test paper well with knowledge today, we may not be able to go to a good university, a good major, or find a good job to better satisfy our material desires.

Whether from historical experience or practical pressure, we all know that knowledge is too important. But what I'm going to tell you today is that while knowledge is important, it also has limitations.

This carrot tied him to death for the rest of his life

First of all, knowledge is limitless. What is knowledge? Knowledge is the knowledge of all the facts of the world. Since the world is infinite, then knowledge is also infinite, but the tragedy is that life is limited. Zhuangzi once said: "My life has an end, and knowledge has no end; "The world is infinite, our life is finite, and if we use our finite life to pursue the infinite knowledge contained in the infinite world, then our life will be wasted.

When knowledge is fragmented, it is useless and just fragments. For example, a newspaper once held a knowledge contest on Chinese culture and found a group of experts to come up with a set of Chinese culture topics. After the question is finished, the judgment on it is 6 words: boring, boring, and useless.

For example, there is a question that asks: In which era in Chinese history were eunuchs allowed to marry wives? This is very serious knowledge. If you specialize in the study of eunuchs, and understand their living conditions, psychological states, and their status, influence, and role in Chinese history, you will become a great expert. But if your main focus is not here, such fragments of knowledge will be of no use to you at all.

And then there's a question: When did the carrot come to China? If you can turn it into systematic knowledge for analysis, it makes sense. But if a person does not have such a will and goal, and he only knows when the carrot was introduced to China, such knowledge is not only useless to him, but may also have a negative impact on him.

Because he knew that most people didn't know the answer, he felt a little happy in his heart, he felt that he was the best person in the world, and he especially wanted others to know this. So, he waited for others to ask questions every day, hoping to gain the admiration of others. In order to wait until this day, he may order carrots every time he eats with friends, and others eat deliciously, but he only waits for one question.

This carrot tied him to death for the rest of his life.

The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote an essay called "Why I'm So Smart". His conclusion is one sentence: I am so smart because I never waste my energy on unnecessary things.

One time I was in a taxi and the driver was listening to a quiz show. In the program, the host played five music clips, each for a few seconds, and then asked: Of these five music clips, two of them belong to the same song, who of you knows? A young man rushed to answer that he knew, and the answer was correct.

And then the second question is: two of the songs are from the same album, you know? I was nervous, I was afraid he would know. He doesn't know, it means that he is still a normal person, and if he knows, his life may be wasted. But I didn't expect him to really know. That's when I asked the driver to turn off the radio. The driver was startled and asked why? I said, "It's insulting our IQ and misleading the flow of our lives." ”

This is called useless knowledge, and there is too much such useless knowledge in life. For example, many people care about what color a certain star likes, what the constellation is, how many marriages they have, and how many divorces they have. When a person spends his energy in these places, he may gain knowledge and be able to talk to people at the dinner table, but he can become particularly trivial.

It is not possible for our lives to possess infinite knowledge. What's even more tragic is that boring knowledge can make life boring, and trivial knowledge can make personality trivial, even obscene.

Zi Xia, a student of Confucius, said a long time ago: "Although the path is small, there must be a considerable number of people", but "to go far and fear mud is not to be a gentleman". Even if you can brag about the knowledge of when carrots were introduced to China, but if you always focus your cognition on this kind of information, you will definitely not achieve anything in your life. You have turned your life into pieces with trivial knowledge, so the gentleman does not do it.

Xunzi once proposed the identification of knowledge. He said that some knowledge is boring, useless, and uninteresting, and Xunzi has a judgment of such knowledge, called "If you don't know, you are harmless as a gentleman; "If you know this kind of knowledge, you can't become a gentleman because of it, and you won't become a villain because you don't know this knowledge. Some knowledge doesn't add a cent to your life, so why waste energy and time?

But in life, there are indeed many people who are concentrated, elated, and interested in using trivial knowledge to cut their lives into pieces.

Actually, there is something more important beyond knowledge.

There is an article in "Liezi" called "Two Children's Debate", which everyone here has read. Two children debated whether the sun was near us in the morning or near us at noon. Both have the basis for saying that morning is near because the morning sun is greater than noon, and that noon is near because the sun is hotter at noon than in the morning.

Confucius lived a really stressful life, he was almost the "Gu-Song" and "Bai-Du" at that time, and everyone ran to ask him any questions. The two children asked Confucius, but Confucius couldn't judge. So the author used a child's tone to ridicule Confucius: "Who said you have a lot of knowledge?" The author probably thought that as long as he denied Confucius's knowledge, he would deny the value of Confucius.

This line of thinking is clearly wrong. Who can stand last in the examination room of life knowledge? I will bet you today that I can come up with a set of 100-point knowledge questions, each with a standard answer, but I can get almost everyone to get a zero score. Conversely, you can give me 100 points for knowledge questions, so that I don't get any points.

For example, Fudan University once asked a question in its independent admissions, and the teacher asked the students: "If you ask me a question now, you must meet two conditions, the first is that I can't answer it, and the second is that you must have a standard answer." "A lot of people say it's too shocking, but I think it's very good. Because it tells us that in the examination room of knowledge, no one can stand to the end. A clever student immediately asked, "Teacher, do you know my grandfather's name?"

I can also follow this idea to give you questions, and you don't need to work hard to get everyone a zero score. Do you know my grandfather's name? Do you know my grandmother's name? Do you know the name of my grandfather's second grandfather? Who here can answer, I have a treat tonight. It can be seen that knowledge can bring down anyone.

If you want to calculate the total amount of knowledge, I believe that most people today have more total knowledge than Confucius. For example, if I can come up with questions such as computer, physics, English, and mathematics, Confucius will definitely not be able to answer you.

But are we higher than Confucius? This leads us to another question: It is not the total amount of knowledge that determines the realm of Confucius, but something else. Confucius himself said a long time ago: "I have knowledge, ignorance." "Do I have the knowledge? No, no. Socrates once said, "The one thing I know better than anyone else is that I know that I am ignorant." ”

They say that this is not modesty, but only a truth. In the face of the infinity of the world, the knowledge in our short lives is negligible. Therefore, we should allow our own ignorance and we should also tolerate the ignorance of others.

You see that I don't like it, give me a math problem. I studied math every day in case someone gave me a math problem next time, and after 10 years of study, suddenly someone said, "I have a set of physics problems." "You don't do that, do you? Because you will tolerate my ignorance, and we will tolerate the ignorance of others, but there is a situation that cannot be tolerated, and what is it? There is no conscience.

No knowledge can be tolerated, no conscience cannot be tolerated

No knowledge can be tolerated, no conscience cannot be tolerated. When we encounter standardized test papers, there is no problem with a bad answer, but it involves the judgment of conscience, right and wrong, good and evil, beauty and ugliness, and if something goes wrong, it is a big problem.

I'll tell you a story. One father found his 15-year-old daughter away from home and left a letter that read:

"Dear Mom and Dad, I eloped with Randy today. Randy is a very individual person, with all kinds of tattoos on his body, and he is only 42 years old, not old, right? I'm going to live in the forest with him, of course, it's not just me and him, Randy has a few other women, but I don't mind. We're going to grow a big one, and in addition to smoking it ourselves, we can also sell it to friends. I also wish we had many children in that place. In this process, it is also hoped that medical technology can be greatly improved, so that Randy's Ai-Zi disease can be cured. ”

When my father read this, he was already devastated. However, he found that there was another sentence at the bottom: "Unfinished, please look at the back." ”

The back reads: "Dad, nothing on that page says is true. The truth is that I am at the house of my classmate next door, and the test papers for the midterm exams are in a drawer, and you open them and sign them. The reason why I am writing this letter is to tell you that there are worse things in the world than not answering the test paper well. You call me now and tell me that I can go home safely. ”

This letter shows that a person can make mistakes in the test paper of knowledge, and even make mistakes more than once, and make mistakes in a lifetime, and we are all ignorant when we are old. But in matters of conscience, we can make a mistake once, and we will never recover. Therefore, more important than factual judgments is value judgments. Judging by facts, we can't understand everything, but we must have a conscience and value judgment to be a person, and we should try our best to do this.

One of the problems of today's Chinese society is the lack of judgment. One of the problems with our education is the lack of literacy.

Knowledge is power, but I want to tell you that thought is the direction. We often say that if you fall behind, you will be beaten, and I would like to tell you that barbarism will also be beaten. (To be continued.) )