Glaze red porcelain, that is, glaze red porcelain, is painted on the porcelain with copper red material, and fired at a time at high temperature after applying transparent glaze. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 The biggest feature of info glaze red is that it is difficult to fire and the yield is extremely low. Because copper is used as a colorant, copper emits red in the high-temperature reduction flame, and copper ions are extremely sensitive to temperature, and they are not hot in the kiln, showing black-red or gray-red;

Due to its narrow firing range and strict temperature and atmosphere requirements, it is very difficult to fire a perfect and standard glaze red porcelain. The so-called "nine out of ten kilns" and "one out of a hundred" cannot explain its difficulty. Therefore, the treasures selected in such difficulties are often priceless, and it is also conceivable. Zhang Zhaohua saw a collection of glazed red porcelain in his previous life, which had obvious flaws and cracks, but according to the museum staff, the estimate was also more than 10 million. Because nearly ninety percent of the red heirlooms in the glaze have varying degrees of damage or flaws, and more than 95 percent of the bottles are disabled, which can be described as easy to obtain, and the bottle mouth is hard to find. This staff member gave an example, saying that there was a spring vase with a well-preserved red jade pot with a well-preserved edge, which was auctioned at a price of 80 million yuan, which set a new record for the highest transaction of antique artworks that year.

But now the authentic glaze red porcelain is in her hands more exquisite than the shape she saw in her previous life, and the craftsmanship is even more exquisite, as soon as she thinks of the value of this thing, Zhang Zhaohua feels that a burst of heat suddenly bursts out of her lower abdomen, just like coming to Kwai Shui, which scared her subconsciously and clamped her legs.

"Wait, why is this a bowl," Zhang Zhaohua muttered to himself, "Why isn't it a big bottle or a big can......?"

I didn't pay attention to this thing was actually taken away from her hand by Gao Chi, put it under the candlelight and looked at it carefully, and after a long time, I heard him also sigh: "The glaze red is currently also burning large utensils, such as bottles, plates, pots, stoves, etc., basically do not see small pieces such as cups, I tried to burn the cups before, I have seen three long straight bowls and skimming bowls, but it is the first time I have seen such a small bowl - is this our Daxing County kiln factory burned out? It burns better than Jingdezhen!"

Because at the beginning of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, a detailed system was formulated, and strict regulations were made on daily necessities and clothing. From the point of view of utensils and materials, the court still follows the old system of the Yuan Dynasty, and the daily utensils are mostly gold and silverware, but the large utensils still use porcelain. Therefore, Hongwuguan kiln porcelain is mainly large bowls, large plates, large bottles, and large jars, and there are few small utensils.

Zhang Zhaohua was excited when he heard this, and said, "Let me see the glaze!"

"Don't move, break it carefully," Gao Chi also clutched the bowl tightly, and didn't let her do anything, and finally said simply: "You sit down, I'll teach you how to look at this thing." ”

Zhang Zhaohua saw him sitting on a chair alone, where there was still half a gap, but when he patted his thigh, Zhang Zhaohua's eyes lit up, jumped up like a monkey, and sat on his lap.

"First of all, I want to tell you," Gao Chi said, "Such red porcelain can only be used by our family, and it is only produced in official kilns." ”

In the second year of Hongwu, it was stipulated that there were four colors of glaze for sacrifice, blue, yellow, red and white, and these four glaze colors were forbidden to be used by the people. The red color is especially valued by the royal family, because the emperor is prosperous with fire virtue and the five colors are still hot, so the soldiers' battle jackets, battle skirts, and strong hats are all red, including the monopoly of red in porcelain decoration.

"Secondly, this thing is very rare and difficult to fire," Gao Chi said: "In the case of plum bottles, there are varieties such as white glaze, blue glaze blue and white, blue glaze pile powder, enamel, peacock green glaze, etc., and red in the glaze is the most rare." What extent is it rare, that is, to burn out a batch, there will be a special person to report, and then send troops along the way to protect, sent to the Beijing Division, this thing the emperor's grandfather kept for his own use, or sacrificed to the temple, thirty years only to Kaiping King Chang Yuchun and Zhongshan King Xu Da a pair of glazed red plum bottles, as a Ming vessel to accompany the burial, other heroes, are only given blue and white porcelain, there is no such honor. ”

"The red in the glaze I am talking about is the one that has no flaws in the firing ground," Gao Chi said: "If you want to say that it is burned, it can naturally be burned, but the color can be satisfying, and there is really no one in a hundred." ”

The red in the glaze is the color painting will flow when it is thick, the painting is thin and not colored, not thick and not thin and dead color, only slightly thicker and keep a little flow, the glaze can come alive, and the body and glaze can penetrate each other, and be integrated. However, due to the strict firing conditions of high-temperature copper red, after all, firewood is still used to burn the fire at this time, so when a furnace comes out, almost all the phenomenon of flying red will occur.

"This thing is indeed a good thing," Zhang Zhaohua's gaze can not be said to be greedy, and she also has a little knowledge of porcelain, "I personally like underglaze color, which penetrates continuously and never fades." ”

As far as Zhang Zhaohua's own favorite standard is concerned, she likes underglaze color, of course, it is difficult to say that underglaze color is necessarily better than overglaze color, but it is indeed worn for a long time, and the color is still bright.

In Zhang Zhaohua's little knowledge of porcelain, the glaze red in the Qing Dynasty in the last years of Qianlong almost gradually decayed, one is the difficulty and cost of firing, and the other is because of the emergence of various red glazes in the Qing Dynasty, such as Lang kiln red, cowpea red, Yongzheng period imitation sacrifice red, Qianlong period coral red, alum red, etc., these red glaze color is bright and bright, any one out is warmer than this glaze red color, resulting in the gradual decay of the glaze red -

But Zhang Zhaohua will always remember what the staff said, the glaze red in the Hongwu period has a simple and clumsy momentum, and the glaze red is very interesting, because its firing is accompanied by the prosperity of the times. Its decline must also be due to the fact that the prosperity is no longer there.

"It's a pity," Gao Chi suddenly sighed: "It's a pity!

Zhang Zhaohua hurriedly leaned over to look, and saw him pointing to a lotus leaf pattern and said, "I'm a little dizzy here!"

Zhang Zhaohua looked at it for a long time before he could barely see it, and sure enough, the place he pointed to was a little bit, much smaller than the tip of the needle, she felt nothing, but Gao Chijue felt a pity: "I have seen some glaze red in the palace, like this bright red, most of the outer edges of the lines are faint, this bowl is pure and colorful, it can be described as the best product, but it is still slightly insufficient." ”

According to Gao Chi, ochre red generally has green moss spots locally, sauce red will have halos, ochre-brown glaze red has green moss spots and halos, and the color is extremely unstable, like the bowl in their hands, it can almost be said to be perfect, only a little faint at the tip of the needle.

"Don't be so picky," Zhang Zhaohua held the bowl and said: "According to what you say, you can't leave a little flaw, how much porcelain will be smashed in that kiln!"

"I didn't expect Huang Yan to be able to supervise the burning of such a thing," Gao Chi let her hold it, and said, "This should have taken a lot of effort to burn." ”

"It's hard for you to finally say a word of justice to him. Zhang Zhaohua laughed for a while and sighed, looked at the porcelain in his hand reluctantly, and said: "I don't deserve such a good thing, I don't dare to keep it privately, I always have to give it to my father." ”

"Stay, stay," Gao Chi didn't think so: "Father prefers blue and white porcelain, mother prefers pottery, this glaze red in your hand is sent, I'm afraid it will only be sealed, I look like you don't understand it, but it is really really loved, just like you said, anything, you have to meet a true favorite, it is valuable." ”