Looking closely at the case of heather, professional chefs and cooks will definitely come into contact with chickens, ducks and birds, whether they are poultry or seabirds, all of them belong to birds, which may lead to exposure to the avian influenza virus carried by poultry.

Looking at Fang Shinan's place of work, "Gold Coast Hotel", isn't this also where Zhen Zhen's father works?

Thinking of Zhen Zhen's father said at dinner last night that one of his chef colleagues took sick leave yesterday afternoon because he was unwell with a cold, and it was very likely that it was this heather.

Nan Zhiqiao asked Zhen Zhen, who had been following him, "Is Fang Shi Nan your father's colleague?"

Zhen Zhen shook her head, "I don't know, since I went to work, he rarely mentioned his work to me, but my mother should know." ”

Zhen Zhen's father has been transferred to the intensive care unit, and although Zhen Zhen's mother can't help much, she has been staying outside the intensive care unit so that she can feel at ease.

Zhen Zhen finds Zhen Zhen's mother and asks about Fang Shinan.

"Fang Shinan, he is your father's colleague, your father calls him 'Shi Nan', and he is usually responsible for washing vegetables and cutting meat in the back kitchen. ”

Fang Heather is a colleague of Zhen Zhen's father, and the two usually contact the same environment, judging from Zhen Zhen's father's current symptoms, it may be infected by the avian influenza virus in the environment, or it may be infected by the avian influenza virus on Fang Zhen's body.

Whether it is the environment in which the two are in contact with each other, or the people who are in contact with Fang Shi and Zhen Zhen's father, they must be checked.

Nan Zhiqiao made a decision to inspect the kitchen and staff of the "Gold Coast Hotel" to see if there were raw poultry food raw materials in the kitchen, as well as the source of raw poultry food, and to sample and send relevant products and relevant personnel for inspection.

Symptomatic treatment is provided for confirmed and suspected avian influenza patients.

Zhen Zhen's father was sent to the hospital in time and treated the cause in time, and after dawn, her condition quickly stabilized, but she did not leave the intensive care unit, and Zhen Zhen's mother has been staying outside.

Nan Zhiqiao and Ye Zhenzhen are busy with the handling of the avian flu epidemic.

Nan Zhiqiao suggested that the Y City CDC should test dead birds on the coastal islands, as well as sample and test poultry in the live poultry trading market in Y City, and the industrial and commercial health departments should take joint action.

Nan Zhiqiao left Hospital H to participate in the work of the Y City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and Ye Zhenzhen stayed in the hospital because she was worried about her father's situation, cooperating with the investigation, diagnosis and treatment of suspected cases of avian influenza in the hospital.

At noon on the same day, PCR tests on various specimens by the laboratory of the Y City Center for Disease Control and Prevention came out, and the H5N1 avian influenza virus was detected in dead birds in the coastal islands, and the same subtype of avian influenza virus was also detected in chickens and ducks in several live poultry trading markets in the city.

With the results of the laboratory's tests, the emergency command team decided to close the city's live poultry market, kill hundreds of thousands of live birds at the same time, and detoxify the dead sea birds along the coastline.

At the laboratory of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Y City, after the avian influenza virus was detected, the avian influenza virus had to be further sequenced and analyzed.

The avian influenza virus detected from calfin heather and the H5N1 avian influenza virus detected from the Dead Sea bird and live poultry trading market have very high sequence homology, especially the avian influenza virus detected in the frozen duck meat in the kitchen refrigerator of the "Gold Coast Hotel".

This indicates that the avian influenza virus in heather was transmitted from ducks infected with the avian influenza virus in the back kitchen.

The avian influenza virus isolated from Vera's father is exactly the same as the influenza virus isolated from Heather and frozen ducks, and from the time before and after the onset of the disease, Fur Daddy may have been infected by the avian influenza virus on Heather, or she may have been directly infected by ducks with the virus.

After the results of the analysis came out, Nan Zhiqiao compiled the current situation into a report and passed it to the emergency command team.

In the report, the current situation and treatment measures of the human infection with avian influenza are described in detail, and the causes are analyzed.

Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae, a genus of influenzaviruses, which are single-stranded negative-strand RNA viruses with segmental genomes.

According to the differences between membrane proteins and nuclear proteins, influenza viruses are divided into three types: A, B, and C.

Influenza A viruses have been divided into many subtypes based on the antigenicity of adversal hemagglutinin HA and neuraminidase NA proteins, and 16 H and 9 N subtypes have been identified.

Human avian influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by some strains of the influenza A virus that infects some of the avian subtypes and manifests itself in humans with various symptoms.

Since the 90s of the 20th century, avian influenza viruses have infected humans, and subtypes such as H9N2 and H7N7 have been reported to infect humans.

Among them, H5N1 is the most common subtype that causes human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, and once infected, humans are often seriously ill, and various complications such as toxemia, septic shock, multi-organ failure, and Reye syndrome can occur, resulting in death.

In the human avian influenza epidemic in Y City, Fang Heather once developed viremia and septic shock, and then developed multiple organ failure, and died after three days of hospitalization.

Because Zhen Zhen's father was sent to the hospital in time and found the pathogen in time, after treating the symptoms and causes, he has been transferred from the intensive care unit to the ordinary isolation ward.

As of the time Minami wrote the initial report, there had been no further cases of human infection with avian influenza.

In China, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza is a notifiable Category B infectious disease, and prevention and control measures are taken as a Category A infectious disease.

So far, the human avian influenza epidemic in Y City has been carried out in accordance with the requirements of Class A infectious virus, isolation and treatment of patients, pathogen carriers and suspected patients, closure of markets and live poultry markets, control or killing of infected wild animals, domestic animals and poultry, etc......

For the causes of human infection with avian influenza, Nan Zhiqiao also made an analysis.

Influenza viruses are ubiquitous and can infect humans, pigs, horses, poultry and other animals.

In nature, influenza virus genes are interspecific and can be divided into different groups according to this characteristic, such as human influenza virus, swine influenza virus, avian influenza virus, etc.

Influenza viruses do not have strict boundaries of host range, and sometimes, under certain selection pressures, it is possible to break through the interspecific barrier and spread between different species.

Avian influenza can also break through the species barrier and infect humans.

Zhenzhen's mother felt strange, she and Zhenzhen's father will be vaccinated with the flu every year, how can Zhenzhen's father still get bird flu?

Zhen Zhen patiently explained to her mother that small mutations often occur within the influenza virus, such as antigen drift, which is a quantitative change process, and the result of antigen drift will lead to an influenza epidemic.

Among them, a new variant of influenza A virus will appear every three years, and the old and new variants will sometimes alternate, and if a new variant does not occur, it will be accompanied by a small and medium-scale influenza epidemic.