In the 80s, although Chinese university education was purely elite education, it was limited by financial resources and accumulation, and in terms of experimentation and practice, it did not necessarily guarantee that ordinary college students had more knowledge than later generations of college students. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

But on the other hand, the key majors of graduate students and famous universities at this time are pure elite education. For example, Tsinghua University, Peking University, and University of Science and Technology of China have arranged for superbulls to directly lead undergraduate classes, and it is very common for academicians of the Academy of Engineering to choose two students as assistants. This kind of training is rare after more than ten years, and the so-called postdocs do not get considerable treatment.

In the early 80s, there were many cattle among college students, which had a great deal to do with the education system at that time. Whether you are an academic, a manager, or an official, experience is an extremely important asset. Thirty years later, college students may not have touched those top-notch instruments until their senior year, but in the 80s, there were many freshmen and sophomores who could get this kind of opportunity.

Nowadays, there are very few teachers and students, and they are not professors who have reached the heavenly realm, and they dare not say that they can have a few mentors and teaching assistants to help them work. In '82, it didn't start recruiting doctoral students, and graduate students were recruited directly and had no undergraduate training, so many students who seemed to be spiritual, once they were lucky, might enter the laboratory of a certain cow man and participate in some crucial experiments.

A similar opportunity may take up to 20 years for future generations of students.

If Jiang De graduated from Hedong University with a master's degree, Yang Rui would say that he would not do repeated experiments on the spot. The extraction of coenzyme Q10 by saponification method cannot be said to be a great invention, but it also represents a lot of foreign exchange, and Yang Rui urgently needs this pot of gold, and he is not willing to take this risk. Compared with it, a report can't be compared at all, even if Principal Zhao is unhappy, it is in vain.

However, since Jiang De is a chemistry undergraduate at Hedong University, it is unlikely that he will know all the experimental procedures of the biology major well.

At this time, the affluence of the university is estimated to be unable to support students to conduct experiments between different faculties. At least, ordinary students can't get this kind of treatment.

"The experiment can take a long time. "Yang Rui is not ready to perform the experiment, so at this time, he is ready to sacrifice the first move first, and he will drag it out first.

He took out the raw material suspension, the preliminary extract of the pig's organs, from the refrigerator. This thing should be beaten with a tissue mixer, the principle is similar to that of a juicer, the electricity consumption is large, and the operation is polluting. Yang Rui thought about it for a while, but decided to use the primary raw materials of Xibao Meat Factory first.

Looking at the label on the test tube, Yang Rui handed it to Jiang Dedao: "I will use an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and first determine the content of coenzyme Q10 in the raw materials." ”

Jiang De offered to perform, and said that after reading Yang Rui's article, he naturally knew the way to measure the content of coenzyme Q10 by ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

However, Yang Rui was able to write a paper on it that day, explaining that the steps are naturally not simple, and the petroleum ether used in the steps has a more kerosene smell, which is very unpleasant.

Jiang De glanced at the test tube in embarrassment and said, "I think the test tube is well sealed, otherwise, use the above logo to make preliminary data?"

Yang Rui smiled: "Everyone is watching, let's be rigorous." ”

He usually uses the logo on the test tube directly. Although the organ biochemical workshop of Xibao Meat Factory is backward, it is finally a bit basic and will not have an order of magnitude error. As far as Yang Rui's experiment is concerned, he does not need to be accurate to less than 1 percentage point. Of course, he occasionally checks the content of suspended solids in the freezer, and most of this work is actually entrusted to Wei Zhenxue.

The latter is still a person from the Coal Science Institute, and it is not good to appear today.

Jiang De felt a little bad, took the test tube, thought for a long time, and said: "Otherwise, you should come, I haven't used the instruments in this laboratory, I'll continue to be your experimental assistant." ”

"Okay, let's do it step by step, you also remember, we will have to test the content of other products later." "What Yang Rui wrote was a paper on increasing yield, and what about the content.

Jiang De couldn't say anything to refute, so he nodded silently.

He originally thought that he was several years older than Yang Rui, and he should easily manipulate him in the palm of his hand, but he didn't expect that after Yang Rui entered the laboratory, he burst out with a powerful aura.

To say that there are a lot of instruments, in Jiang De's eyes, the most is dazzling, after all, except for the ultraviolet spectrophotometer and the mechanical analysis balance, the instruments are relatively rough. However, Yang Rui's attitude of preparing for experiments and assigning work reminded Jiang De of his college days.

When you encounter an experimental instructor with a higher academic level and overall experimental familiarity than yourself, what can you do except obediently obey orders?

Yang Rui's movements were slow and standard, and it took him almost half an hour to complete half of the steps.

At this time, everyone's novelty had long passed, and seeing Yang Rui shaking the bottle, he only felt very bored.

A cadre couldn't help asking, "Student Yang, how long will it take?"

"It's going to take hours. Yang Rui was wearing a white coat and said without looking back.

The cadre hesitated and said, "Otherwise, let's go visit the other facilities of the school first, and then come back and see the results?"

"It takes 6 hours at least. Yang Rui wished they couldn't wait to leave. Six hours later, these cadres, who had eaten dinner and drank a lot of wine, would be good if they could open their eyes to see people, and what kind of experiments they could see.

Without waiting for others to express their opinions, Ding Yaqin bent her eyebrows and smiled: "It doesn't matter if it's six hours, just give me a cup of tea, you can visit first." ”

Palm-sized school, where you can visit for six hours.

Seeing that Ding Yaqin was going to stay, Jiang De was suddenly full of motivation, and seemed to feel that the connection between himself and the beauties from Beijing had become closer.

Yang Rui frowned secretly. Anyone who is a biology major has to do three things, set fire to anti-virus and anti-journalists.

Because the biology major is so special. Engaging in physics to make atomic bombs, contacting aliens, and making more terrifying particle accelerators, with a posture that I am not afraid of the destruction of the earth, the media occasionally ridicules two sentences, ordinary people actually don't care at all, at most they oppose the nuclear power plant in front of their homes.

It's different to do biology, what a great achievement is cloning, and as a result, he is criticized by the population every day, and some high school biology can't score 50 points A Dou can also talk about human embryos and cell nuclei...... If there is no media to help the trouble, where would there be such.

The 78-year-old human IVF was also controversial, with countless people waving ethical and moral benchmarks and wantonly attacking with the cooperation of the media, and researchers did not win the Nobel Prize in Medicine until 2010, and before that, 5 million couples around the world had been married.

Yang Rui suspected that Ding Yaqin had a tendency to turn black.

Is it necessary to reprint a newsletter from the "Hedong Education Daily" to stare at yourself doing experiments for six hours? Now that I have been doing three hours, which adds up to nine hours, this is absolutely uncomfortable and unnecessary in a cramped and hard-to-ventilate ordinary laboratory.

The photos that should have been taken have been taken, and the reprinted newsletter of a few hundred words does not need to be modified.

Could it be that he came from a long distance and was unwilling?

Writing a black article is definitely more targeted and more sensational than writing a red article.

If it were a stable reporter in his forties and fifties, Yang Rui would probably think about the benefits, but looking at Ding Yaqin in her early 20s, she looked like she was full of superiority, she was really not sure.

Perhaps, the big national newspapers will not easily publish the black text, but who can say this kind of thing clearly.

Reports such as "paper fraud" and "gunman writing papers" may be able to ruin one's college entrance examination qualifications -- the strength of Chinese journalists to take words out of context should not be underestimated. It will be even more difficult to wash away the stigma in the future.

"Section Chief Jiang, please measure the Q10 content of the intermediate, or use ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Yang Rui commanded and continued his work, as if he really used Jiang De as an experimental assistant.

No matter what Ding Yaqin thinks, let's smoke it with petroleum ether first.

Kerosene smoked meat still feels very in line with the Chinese recipe.

Ding Yaqin covered her nose with her hands, but she had no intention of quitting.

Constant extraction testing, extraction testing, and finally the real mid-stage step.

Yang Rui thought about it for a while, said a little wait, walked out of the laboratory, first found He Cheng and Cao Baoming, and then found Liu Shan, and then gave each of them some instructions, so he came back with no peace of mind.

Cao Baoming is tall and suitable for the work of blocking the line of sight, He Cheng is familiar with the experiment and knows which steps are more critical, Liu Shan, as a girl, is not particularly difficult to talk to Ding Yaqin.

In fact, the best choice is to let Jiang De and Ding Yaqin chat. However, due to the atmosphere, Jiang De's lust and gall are quite insufficient.

In the whole laboratory, when only he knew the key points, Yang Rui secretly disassembled the experimental steps.

When mixing compound solvents such as ethane, methyl isobutanone, butanol, ethyl acetate and other compounds, Yang Rui first mixed half or even one-third, and then completed the final blending under the cover of instruments, hands and classmates.

The main theoretical basis for the extraction of Coenzyme Q10 by Yang Rui's saponification method is that Coenzyme Q in water is alkali-resistant, and at the same time, the non-saponifying phospholipids containing Coenzyme Q can be extracted by solvent and obtained with high yield.

Therefore, the key to the problem is to find a suitable solvent that is insoluble in water.

It's a simple and tedious experiment.

If you don't know the answer, you're almost always going to have to use trial and error. That is, one test at a time. What about 50% sodium hydroxide? Is it better to heat 50% sodium hydroxide to 100 degrees Celsius, or to 80 degrees? Is it better to take a water bath for 3 hours? Or is it better to take a 30-minute bath?

When there are a certain number of parameters, the trial-and-error method is definitely something that kills the students, and there are hundreds or thousands of experiments - the mentor in charge of the project will not do this kind of work, so it will only be handed over to the students. To be honest, many of the research results in China come from graduate students with a monthly salary of 800 yuan and doctoral students with a monthly salary of 1,200 yuan. Cheap scientific and technological labor is also a sufficient reason for many international scientific research institutions to relocate, just as the manufacturing industry was relocated in the past.

Yang Rui's advantage is that he has a formed paper, so he doesn't need cheap experimental assistants, he can just use the answers that others have tested, such as 48% sodium hydroxide, pH12 alkali treatment, phased pH2 and PH1 acid treatment, etc......

This repetition experiment does not need to be deliberately wrong, how to do it or how to do it, and the final answer should be similar to the results of his published paper. Since Jiang De can measure the content of coenzyme Q10, the results cannot be fabricated.

Yang Rui hoped to complete the solution ratio as soon as possible, and after avoiding the two, Jiang De and Ding Yaqin also discovered the mystery.

Jiang De remained silent, but squeezed over with a smile, and said: "Classmate Yang, the work of dispensing solvents should be left to the experimental assistant to complete, and several other students should not help, the laboratory is small and too messy." ”

No matter how he said it, he was also the leader of the Provincial Education Bureau, and although he had only graduated for two years, he still coaxed and pushed people out.

At this time, a few bored cadres came back and refilled the laboratory.

Yang Rui glanced at Jiang De and Ding Yaqin, pursed his lips, and thought: If you do this, you can't blame me for not giving you face.

"Okay, it's just that this is troublesome, so I'll leave it to Section Chief Jiang. Yang Rui took the initiative to give up his position, but he took a big step in his heart.

……