The sense of substitution is the most difficult to figure out and the easiest to stumble upon in writing. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

At that time, 101 spent a lot of effort to study the sense of substitution, and I thought that I had figured out its mystery, but some recent new discoveries still made me completely subvert my previous views, and I had a new experience of what is "substitution", how to create a "sense of substitution", and how to use "substitution".

What is "substitution"?

The sense of substitution is empathy, which is called Identification in English, which is that the reader substitutes into the story situation and moves his feelings into the characters in the story, and every move of the story characters will pull the reader's heartstrings, and the reader will be emotionally fluctuating, crying, laughing, and angry for the characters he cares about.

Since the online articles are all single-protagonist inspirational YY stories, if you create a "sense of substitution" according to such a concept, it is-

1. The story narration should try to enhance the protagonist's sense of immediacy.

2. The highlights of the protagonist's personality are displayed as soon as possible to enhance the reader's favor for the protagonist.

3. The protagonist should be in the driver's seat, highlighting the protagonist's central position in the story.

4. The protagonist's wishes and challenges should be established as soon as possible so that the reader can look forward to the subsequent plot.

5. The protagonist's wishes and actions are in line with the reader's expectations.

The above is the understanding of the sense of substitution before 101, but some novels and film and television dramas that I have recently come into contact with have given me a new understanding of the sense of substitution.

Like what:

In the movie "1942", Zhang Guoli, Xu Fan and a group of people fled from the famine, this is a group of characters, among which there is no absolute protagonist, and the story is not YY inspirational, but a miserable sadistic escape, is there a sense of substitution?

Another example:

In the movie "Ten Thousand Arrows Through the Heart", the husband began to be bullied by his wife, he resisted silently, the audience was obviously sympathetic to the husband and substituted for him, but later found out that he was actually cowardly and incompetent, and he was still raising a junior outside, but the wife took on the responsibility of taking care of the family after her husband committed suicide, and the wife was recognized by the audience, and the sense of substitution was transferred to her.

That's strange, can the sense of substitution be transferred?

And also:

The novel "Smiling Proud Jianghu", the beginning of the story starts with Lin Pingzhi, he is the absolute protagonist in the front, the sense of substitution is based on him, and Ling Hu Chong appears in the back, how can the sense of substitution run to Ling Hu Chong?

Again:

In the novel "Dragon Babu", the three protagonists, Duan Yu, Xu Zhu and Qiao Feng, did the author create a sense of substitution for the three at the same time? So Qiao Feng killed Ah Zhu, and the reader felt heartache, is this related to the sense of substitution? Is it that the reader is also substituted for Ah Zhu? What is going on?

In "The Condor Heroes", Xiaolongnu is unchaste, Yang Guo has a broken arm, and the two have been separated for 15 years.

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Before explaining the above questions, let me listen to 101 tell a story:

Once, 101 wrote the beginning of a novel and asked his father to read the draft. Dad is 66 years old, put on reading glasses, slowly read the beginning of 6,000 words, and then told me that it is not good-looking. I asked him if the plot was boring? And he said yes. I thought about it, no! I let my daughter-in-law read this draft first, and she said it was okay, why did my father evaluate it so badly?

He said yes, this character is a gentleman, and when he wakes up in the morning, he finds that he is sleeping next to a beautiful woman, and he still can't remember what happened, and he can't even make it to his wedding, so he is not a good person.

I had an idea, I didn't modify the big plot, I only revised more than 300 words, and the protagonist was framed, and when I woke up, there was a beautiful woman around me.

Let him see it again, and he said that this time is good, this time it is interesting!

101 is really shocking! It was at that time that I suddenly understood that whether the original sense of substitution is related to the value orientation of a reader, and once the sense of substitution is missing, even the most wonderful plot will be evaluated as not good-looking.

My father is a 66-year-old old reader, he likes the down-to-earth and steady protagonist, and he won't like it when he sees the characters are vain, and my daughter-in-law is young and can accept a beautiful woman lying next to the young protagonist with a hangover, and thinks this is the trend of the times, so although the sense of substitution is not so strong, it is not annoying.

Therefore, 101 concludes that the sense of substitution is related to the reader's values, and the words and deeds of the protagonist that conform to the reader's value orientation will produce a sense of substitution.

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Looking back at the example given above, when a group of characters appeared to fight against natural and man-made disasters, two opposing camps of AB emerged, one side was the fleeing A camp, and the other was the B camp that opposed them, including natural disasters, including Japanese soldiers and the Kuomintang and other human disasters.

Then 101 believes that in fact, the sense of substitution is not only limited to the protagonist, it is the embodiment of the reader's position of choosing to support the camp. If a reader supports camp A and hopes that camp A wins, he will take the place of the fugitive, and if another reader supports camp B and hopes that all the fugitives will die, and he will be happy to die, he will be substituted for the side of natural and man-made disasters.

As for which side to substitute, it is related to the reader's value orientation.

It can be inferred from this that in "Smiling Proud Jianghu", the contradictions and conflicts that occurred at the beginning were camp A - Lin Pingzhi, and camp B - the enemy who coveted the Lin family's evil sword technique. Because Lin Pingzhi showed positive energy at the beginning, readers supported camp A and hoped that Lin Pingzhi would win. But as the plot progresses, Lin Pingzhi transforms into a villain, and Ling Hu Chong gradually takes his place in the minds of readers, and at this time the camp of the conflict has changed, A camp - Ling Hu Chong, B camp - covets the enemy who may have hidden evil sword skills in him. So readers turned to support Ling Hu Chong of Camp A.

In this kind and orderly A camp, all the characters can get the aura of substitution blessings, such as Yue Lingshan, Peach Valley Six Immortals, Ren Yingying, etc., because they all help the protagonist, readers will have a good impression of them, this is the divergence of the sense of substitution, only for the characters in a certain camp.

And in the evil and chaotic B camp, Yue Buqun, Lin Pingzhi and others are the villains who oppose the protagonist, and they have to suffer from the hatred and hostility of readers.

Let me walk in the two camps of AB, sometimes helping the protagonist, sometimes using the protagonist, so the reader is sympathetic and hateful to him, and the sense of substitution is in the transformation and change from time to time.

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Other examples can also be analyzed in the way of camp confrontation, and they can all be explained.

It can be seen that the premise of a reader's attraction to a book is that he can find the camp he wants to support in it.

If he doesn't want to support any camp, there will be a lack of substitution, and his emotions cannot be transferred to the story situation and characters, so he will abandon the book and stop reading.

As for the creation of online texts, since most of them are narratives from the perspective of the protagonist, few of them start with a supporting role, so there is no need to master Lin Pingzhi's advanced skills of transferring the sense of substitution, and only need to concentrate on creating a good sense of substitution for the protagonist.

Just remember to put the protagonist in the good and orderly camp all the time, and always ensure that there are two camps of AB against each other, and the others meet the five points summarized above in 101.

Here is a mention of the book "Gu Zhenren", whose protagonist actions will make some readers feel unacceptable, such as killing Zhongliang, doing things without a bottom line, and having no taste.

The author explained that he wanted to write a real devil, he obviously didn't understand the principle of substitution, and at first put the protagonist into the camp of good and order, surrounded by people who oppressed him, and then after his strength grew, he began to do some things in the evil and chaotic camp, which made the reader's sense of substitution waver, and some people chose to abandon the book.

The solution, one is to always keep the protagonist in the good and orderly camp, and the other is to introduce the second protagonist, so that the second protagonist can stay in the good and orderly camp, such as his younger brother, but in doing so, it is necessary to open a second story line and write some stories from the perspective of his younger brother to create the cuteness of this character. It's hard!

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Finally, I'd like to say that immersion is a good thing, and it can be used to do some interesting things:

1. Suppressing the protagonist and enhancing the protagonist's struggle will also enhance the sense of substitution and enhance the reader's sense of expectation - looking forward to turning over.

2. The protagonist pretends to be forced, raises his eyebrows, and the sense of substitution will be enhanced, and the reader will feel refreshed and happy.

3. Let the characters do some N...... Abominable things will weaken his sense of substitution. (Use with caution, you must find the existence of other characters to maintain a sense of substitution)

4. When a character does not want to continue to use, then it can weaken his sense of substitution, so that even if he joins the hostile camp, the reader will not feel uncomfortable, and even let him die The reader will be happy.

5. When a character has a strong sense of substitution, if he or she encounters bad luck, the reader will feel extremely distressed, and then have greater expectations for the subsequent plot. (Xiaolongnu lost her virginity, Azhu's death, and Yang Guo's broken arm.) This one should also be used with caution, and it must be ensured that the AB camp exists, and there are still main characters in the A camp, otherwise the readers will definitely run out. ）

In short, the sense of substitution is a magic weapon that the author can use to remotely control the reader's emotions, a master like Jin Yong, who can make readers cry and laugh, and worry about the fate of the characters in the novel, even if the characters are written miserably, as long as the sense of substitution always exists, the reader has to scold and look down.

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Finally, I would like to mention a little bit of 101 pondering private goods, that is, how did people's concept of right and wrong come about?

As soon as a baby is born, he (she) is imperceptibly influenced by the surrounding environment, such as watching cartoons, it is always the hero who is praised and famous, and it is glorious to be a hero, while the wicked are always spurned and forced to look at, so it is dishonorable to be a villain.

In addition, his parents and relatives would say to him, don't steal things to be a thief, be dishonorable, eat with your hands, etc., and the concept of right and wrong will slowly develop.

No matter how big it is, all kinds of moral concepts in human society are generally positive, and all this leads to a person, if his growth is normal, he will have basically correct values.

So the vast majority of readers like Wei Guangzheng's things, because they all grew up in this Wei Guangzheng environment. is as smart as Tomato and Sanshao, and will always only write the protagonist of Wei Guangzheng, so it will win the recognition of most readers.

A very small number of readers have grown up in darkness, they will feel that evil represents power, and light is hypocritical, and they will like to see evil and kill bold protagonists, but these people are only a very small minority. It is dangerous to write a protagonist who is evil and has no conscience just to cater to these people.

In addition, young readers have simpler values and cannot understand overly complex human nature, while older readers, because they have been tempered by society, they can accept complex, selfish, or self-protective characters, and also like to challenge authority and break the world, because this represents their views and unfulfilled aspirations of this society.

In short, to create a sense of substitution, we must consider the reader's reading psychology and value orientation.