Single Chapter (Wei Zhongxian in History and a Little Common Sense)

Common sense one, the top ten traitors of the Ming Dynasty:

Yan Song(1)

Yan Song (March 3, 1480 - May 10, 1566), the name Weizhong, Mian'an, Jiexi, Fenyi, etc., was a native of Fenyi, Yuanzhou Prefecture, Jiangxi Province (now Fenyi, Jiangxi), and his ancestral home was Fujian

Zhou Yanru (2)

Zhou Yanru (1593-1643), the word jade rope, the number Ruzhai, was a native of Yixing in the Ming Dynasty (now Yixing Yicheng City). Minister of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen was the first assistant of the cabinet during his reign.

Wang Zhen(3)

Wang Zhen (?-1449), a native of Ulzhou (present-day Wei County, Hebei). Eunuch in the early years of the Ming Dynasty. Wang Zhen was originally a talented man, a little familiar with scriptures, and then an instructor, a middle-of-the-roader, and rumored to be emasculated

Wei Zhongxian(4)

Wei Zhongxian (1568 - December 11, 1627), a native of Suning (now Suning County, Cangzhou, Hebei), was a Han nationality and a eunuch at the end of the Ming Dynasty. He changed his name after the palace

Wang Zhi(5)

Wang Zhi, a native of the Yao tribe in Datengxia, Guangxi, one of the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty, entered the palace since he was a child, and served the concubine of Ming Xianzong. He successively served as the eunuch of the imperial horse supervisor and the commander of the West Factory. Because of the meritorious service of supervising the army in Liaodong, he was the commander-in-chief of Beijing

Liu Jin (6)

Liu Jin (1451-1510), a native of Xingping, Shaanxi, was a eunuch during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty. His surname was Tan, and he was adopted by the eunuch Liu Shun when he was six years old, changed his surname to Liu, and entered the palace as a eunuch. great

Ma Shiying(7)

Ma Shiying (about 1591~1646), the word Yaocao, a native of Guiyang, Guizhou, a minister in the late Ming Dynasty, an official to the first assistant of the cabinet, according to legend, his surname is Li, and his ancestral home is Wuzhou, Guangxi.

Wen Tiren (8)

Wen Tiren (1573-1638), the name Changqing, the name Yuanqiao, was a native of Nanxun Jili Village, Wucheng (now Huzhou), Zhejiang. Minister at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the first assistant of the imperial court during the Chongzhen period.

Ruan Dacheng (9)

Ruan Dacheng (1587~1646), a collection of characters, called Yuanhai, Shichao, Baizi Shanqiao. He was born in Tongcheng County, Anqing Prefecture (now Zongyang County, Anhui Province). It is the end of the Ming Dynasty military department book, the right deputy capital imperial history.

Choi Cheng-so(10)

Cui Chengxiu (1584.8-1627), a native of Jizhou (now Jizhou District, Tianjin), was the head of the "Five Tigers" of the eunuch party in the late Ming Dynasty.

Common sense two, the spring of the city, indicates that the Qingjing City will be held, all in the spring. Exams in the Tang Dynasty were set between spring and summer. The military science field of Song Zhulu Prefecture is limited to August, and the Ministry of Rites is often in February of the following year, and the palace examination is in April;

So there is the name of spring test and autumn tribute. The Yuan Dynasty was tested in August Township, and the February test was held, along with the Ming and Qing dynasties. All of them are held in spring, so they are called spring.

Autumn is a borrowed name for the township examination in the imperial examination system. The township examination is a local examination held by the southern and northern Zhili and the political envoys of each country. The location is in the south, Beijing Mansion, and the residence of the political envoy. Since the examination period is in autumn and August, it is also called autumn.

The official imperial examination in the Ming Dynasty was divided into three levels: the township examination, the meeting examination, and the palace examination. The township examination is a local examination held by the southern and northern Zhili and the political envoys of each country. The location is in the south, Beijing Mansion, and the residence of the political envoy.

Once every three years, it is held every child, Mao, noon, and unitary year, and is also called Xiangfu. The examination hall of the examination is called Gongin. The examination period is in autumn and August, so it is also called Qiuqiu. All students and supervisors of the provincial imperial examination can take the examination.

There were two chief examiners, four people in the same examiner, one person who was promoted, and several other officials who presided over the township examination. The examination will be held in three sessions on August 9, 12 and 15. The person who is called in the township examination is commonly known as filial piety, and the first name is Xie Yuan.

Ming Tang Yin Township test first, so called Tang Jieyuan. In the township examination, it is called B list, also known as B department. When the list is released, it is the time when the osmanthus is fragrant, so it is also called the laurel list. After the list is released, the governor presides over the deer banquet. During the banquet, the poem "Deer Song" was sung and the Kui Xing Dance was danced.

The general examination is a national examination presided over by the Ministry of Rites, also known as the rites. In the second year of the township test, it will be held in the ugly, chen, wei and xu years. The national examination is held in Beijing, and the examination period is in February in spring, so it is called Chunqiu.

The examination was also held in three sessions, on the 9th, 12th and 15th of February. Since the general examination is a higher level examination, the number of examiners in the same examination is twice as large as that of the township examination. The chief examiner, the same examiner, and the promoted officer are all held by the higher officials.

The examiner is called the president, also known as the seat master or seat master. In the examination, it is called Gongshi, commonly known as tribute, also known as Mingjing, and the first name is Huiyuan.

Common sense 3: The east is rich and the west is expensive, the south is poor and the north is cheap

Common sense four, Jinluan Hall is the common name of Taihe Palace, which belongs to one of the three major halls of the Forbidden City in Beijing. It is the place where the emperor ascended the throne and held a grand ceremony, and was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

The Jinluan Hall was originally named "Fengtian Palace", and in the 41st year of Jiajing (1562), it was renamed "Huangji Palace". "Huangji Palace" has been used until the second year of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1645), and it was renamed the current name of "Taihe Palace".

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the emperor ascended the throne, held grand ceremonies, and sacrificed places. It is the world's tallest building with a heavy eaves and a palace. In addition to a main ridge at the top of the temple, there are four vertical ridges in each of the two layers of heavy eaves.

The main ridge and the vertical ridge not only use the immortals and animal decorations with different images made of yellow colored glazed tiles, but also the vertical ridge beast on the top of the hall is the only one that has all ten things. The eight vertical ridges are decorated with a total of eighty-eight immortals.

Common sense five, ancient times:

1. [Sub time] Midnight, also known as midnight, midnight: 23 o'clock to 01 o'clock.

2. [Ugly time] Rooster crow, also known as wild chicken: 01 o'clock to 03 o'clock.

3. [Yinshi] Pingdan, also known as dawn, morning, sun, etc.: 03 o'clock to 05 o'clock.

4. [Mao time] Sunrise, also known as the beginning of the sun, dawn, rising sun, etc.: 05 o'clock to 07 o'clock.

5. [Chenshi] food time, also known as morning food, etc.: 07 o'clock to 09 o'clock.

6. [巳时] Yuzhong, also known as Riyu, etc.: 09 o'clock to 11 o'clock.

7. [Noon] Midday, also known as sunday, noon, etc.: 11 o'clock to 13 o'clock.

8. [Untimed] Riyu, also known as Sunfall, Sun, etc.: 13 o'clock to 15 o'clock.

9. [Shen Shi] 晡時, also known as day shop, evening food, etc.: 15 o'clock to 17 o'clock.

10. [unitary time] sunset, also known as sunset, sunset, evening: 17 o'clock to 19 o'clock.

11. [戌時] Dusk, also known as sunset, sunset, evening and so on: from 19 o'clock to 21 o'clock.

12 [Hai Shi] Ren Ding, also known as Dingdu, etc.: 21 o'clock to 23 o'clock.

Common sense six, Wei Zhongxian in history:

Wei Zhongxian (1568 - December 11, 1627), a native of Suning (now Suning County, Cangzhou, Hebei), was a Han nationality and a eunuch at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Since the palace, he changed his name to Li Jinzhong, and the surname was restored by the talented Wang family, and after serving as the eunuch of Bingbi, he changed his surname back to his original surname, and the emperor gave him the name Wei Zhongxian.

During the period of Ming Xizong, he served as the eunuch of Si Li Bingbi, and was very favored and trusted, known as "9,900 years old", excluding dissidents and arbitrarily ruling the country, so that people "only know that there are loyal and virtuous, but do not know that there is an emperor".

First, self-castration into the palace

Wei Zhongxian's family was poor when he was young, wandering the streets, illiterate, but he knew archery and horseback riding, liked to gamble, and was obsessed with alcohol.

[1] Wei Zhongxian often gambled with a group of evil teenagers, and once, after he lost a lot of gambling, he felt very distressed, so he hated himself and changed his name to Li Jinzhong. Later, he changed back to his original surname and was given the name Wei Zhongxian by the emperor.

Wei Zhongxian was elected to the palace since the Wanli period, and was subordinate to the eunuch Sun Xian, and he entered the Jiazi library by tying him up.

He also asked to be the mother of the emperor's eldest grandson, Wang Cairen, and joined the Wei Dynasty. The Wei Dynasty praised Wei Zhongxian to Wang An many times, and Wang An treated him well.

The eldest grandson's nursing mother is called Ke, and has always served the Wei Dynasty in private, which is the so-called food relationship, after Wei Zhongxian entered the palace, the Hakka colluded with him, and the Hakka then met the Wei Dynasty coldly and loved Wei Zhongxian, and the two formed a deep relationship.

Second, Wei Zhongxian flew Huang Tengda:

In the forty-eighth year of Wanli and the first year of Taichang (1620 AD), Zhu Yijun of Mingshenzong and Zhu Changluo of Mingguangzong died within a month.

Wei Zhongxian and the Hakka clan were favored by Xizong, and within a month, the Ke clan was named the lady of Fengsheng, and her son Hou Guoxing, her younger brother Ke Guangxian, and Wei Zhongxian's elder brother Wei Zhao were named Jinyi Wei Qianhu.

Wei Zhongxian was soon promoted from the Salary Saving Division to the Celebrant Eunuch Bingbi and Admiral Baohe Sandian. Wei Zhongxian was illiterate and could not enter the celebrant as a rule, but because of the Ke family, he was able to make an exception.

In the first year of the Apocalypse (1621), Zhu Youxiao gave the Hakka incense field by edict to Wei Zhongxian for the management of the emperor's mausoleum.

Yushi Wang Xinyi advised, but Zhu Youxiao did not listen. When Zhu Youxiao got married, Yushi Bi Zuozhou and Liu Lan asked the Hakka family to be sent out of the palace, and Liu Yihuojing, a scholar, also said so.

Zhu Youxiao was reluctant to give up, and said: "The queen is young, and she still needs to be cared for by the old woman, and she will talk about it after the emperor's funeral." "Wei Zhongxian monopolized the Hakka clan and expelled the Wei dynasty. He was jealous of Wang An's upholding the righteous path, conspired to kill him, and repelled all the eunuchs under his name.

The Hakka family is obscene and vicious. Wei Zhongxian does not know books, but he has a good memory, and his sexual suspicions are cruel and vicious, and he is good at flattery.

The emperor trusted these two people very much. The two of them were even more arrogant, and they used the celebrant Wang Tiqian, Li Yongzhen, Shi Yuanya, Tu Wenfu and others as their wings, and the people in the palace did not dare to disobey them. Later, the Hakka family left the palace, but was soon called in again.

Imperial History Zhou Zongjian, Squire Chen Bangzhan, Imperial History Ma Mingqi, and Hou Zhen tried their best to discourage the matter, and they were all reprimanded.

During the incident, Ni Sihui, Zhu Qinxiang, and Wang Xinyi made suggestions to Zhu Youxiao, but they were all relegated to other places.

None of them have pointed to Wei Zhongxian yet. Wei Zhongxian then persuaded Zhu Youxiao to choose Wu Eunuchs, make firearms to practice in the palace, and secretly colluded with the university scholar Shen Wei to help.

He also guided Zhu Youxiao to indulge in advocating excellent voice tricks and hunting with dogs and horses every day, and Liu Zongzhou, the director of the Criminal Department, first impeached him, Zhu Youxiao was furious, and he was rescued by Ye Xianggao, a scholar, so that he was spared.