Qiu Jin's fateful word

(Sunday, December 23, 2012)

"Hurt the drunkenness of the compatriots, who will save the sorrow of the motherland? There is no need for a three-foot lonely grave, there is no clean soil in China, so he can hold a glass of Lu wine, and he sings the song of swinging together all year round. Although death is still alive, sacrifice to fulfill my responsibility, that is, this farewell, the tide takes the head of the other. The ambition is still weak, the ambition is not extinguished, and the Central Plains looks back on the intestines. ”

This poem is the masterpiece of Qiu Jin, a famous activist of China's democratic revolution and a pioneer of the women's liberation movement.

Qiu Jin, the name Xuanqing, the number Jingxiong, called herself Jianhu Woman, a native of Shanyin in the Qing Dynasty. Bold personality, intelligent temperament, practice literature and martial arts. He went to Japan to study and actively participated in the revolution and participated in revolutionary organizations. Contempt for feudal etiquette and religion, with a spirit of resistance. Determined to save the country and the nation from peril, he demanded the independence and liberation of women. Later, due to the failure of the uprising, he was arrested on July 13, 1907, and was righteous at 4 o'clock in the morning on July 15 in Xuantingkou, Shaoxing, at the age of 32.

After the righteousness, his friends Wu Zhiying and Xu Zihua buried him on the bank of Xiling Bridge at the end of the white embankment in Hangzhou City, and built a tomb. The tomb is square, 1.7 meters high, the tombstone is engraved with Sun Yat-sen's handwritten inscription "Women Heroes" four words, there are Wu Zhiying, Xu Zihua's book "Jianhu Heroine Qiu Jin Tomb Table", the upper end of the tomb seat is the white marble Qiu Jin full-body statue, 2.7 meters high, the hair is combed, the upper body wears a large placket Tang costume, the lower body wears a pleated loose skirt, the left hand presses the waist, the right hand presses the sword, the eyes look at the West Lake, the heroic posture is cool.

Qiu Jin is the heroine I have admired since I knew her deeds, and I have always loved her song "Words to Xu Xiaoshu", and I like it very much. I like the language and the sentence structure, and I like the depth of its connotation.

This is the soul of the fierce, the song of tragedy!

This is Qiu Jin's last complete work before his righteousness, so "Qiu Jin Collection" calls it "Desperate Words", which is a swan song of life and death.

"Words to Xu Xiaoshu" was written on July 10, 1907, and was written by Qiu Jin to his student Xu Xiaoshu before his righteousness.

At the moment of facing death, Qiu Jin has no care for the past years, no concern for family and friends, and no regret and sadness about the end of her life.

In the short essay of more than 100 words, he expressed his unpaid ambition and impassioned tragic feelings.

The first two sentences are Qiu Jin's sadness that her compatriots have not awakened, and she is sad that the motherland has not been saved, and bluntly says that the worries in her heart at a specific moment lie.

The beginning of the pen is extraordinary, from personal experience to the destiny of the motherland, the nation, and the safety of the people.

The four sentences from "the end of the day" to "who recruits the soul of the aspirant?" outline a picture of broken mountains and rivers, corrupt rule, and grief for aspirants.

"The Tears of Xinting", from "The Book of Jin: The Biography of Wang Dao". At the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, some celebrities from Nandu went to Xinting in Nanjing to gather every festival to talk about the loss of the land and shed tears.

In this short article, Qiu Jin used this allusion to express the grief of the people with lofty ideals because of the sinking of the motherland.

This set the tone for the revolutionaries to take the rejuvenation of the nation as their own responsibility and actively participate in the anti-Qing movement.

"Don't need" to "Pendulum song" four sentences.

He was an outstanding British revolutionary romantic poet in the early 19th century, who devoted himself to the national liberation struggle of the Greek people and wrote many poems full of revolutionary ideas and rebellious tendencies.

Lu wine, thin wine.

These four sentences are mainly to show the bright prospects of the future, Qiu Jin believes that under the spread of Western revolutionary ideas, in the succession of generations of people with lofty ideals without hesitation and self-sacrifice, one day the storm of revolution will finally destroy the feudal **** rule of the Qing Dynasty, and then celebrate victory.

In the four sentences from "although he is still alive" to "take his head", he wrote that although his life is about to end, he has fulfilled his great responsibility to save the country and the nation.

Although he is still alive, the spirit of struggle will always remain in the hearts of future generations.

The last three sentences echo the first two sentences, once again expressing the feelings of unpaid ambition and deep worry for the country.

The style of the whole text has changed from the pain at the beginning to the passionate and heroic, showing Qiu Jin's fierce ambition and chivalrous courage in the face of life and death, radiating shocking and touching power, and also showing her strong will to pledge the country with her body and would rather die and her ambition to firmly believe that the revolution will eventually win.

The whole text is intertwined, the battle is neat, the dictionaries are appropriate, the words are concise and concise, the sentences are bloody, the voice is tearful, and the writing is flying.

In this swan song of life and death, it is filled with deep patriotism and nationalist feelings, showing Qiu Jin's vigorous and unrestrained, simple and deep literary style.

In addition to "To Xu Xiaoshu's Desperate Words", Qiu Jin also has a desperate word, that is, the well-known sentence "Autumn wind and autumn rain are sad".

Qiu Jin was arrested on the afternoon of July 13, 1907 (the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar), and she was interrogated.

People think that this seven-character sentence was created by Qiu Jin and is widely recited, but it is not.

These seven-character sentences are Qiu Jin's quotation of the Qing Dynasty poet Tao Tang (Tao Zongliang) in the poem "Autumn Twilight Dispatch".

Imagine from the literal face of the seven-character sentence: the continuous autumn rain, accompanied by the cold autumn wind, in this solemn autumn wind and bleak autumn rain, people's mood seems more melancholy and sad.

Judging from Qiu Jin's actions and the background of the times, this sentence is not an ordinary personal sorrow, but fully expresses Qiu Jin's dissatisfaction with the dark rule of feudalism, her resistance to cannibalism, her deep anxiety about the fate of the country and the nation, and her grief and indignation in the face of death.

Qiu Jin has always been ambitious, "the body is not a man, but the heart is stronger than a man", "Don't say that women are not English, and the wall of Longquan sings every night", and he will not hesitate to go to the soup and fire with his own revolution.

It was the last moment, the situation was very dangerous, some people persuaded her to go out for a while, but she transferred everyone, and she stayed alone in the Chase School, Qiu Jin said: "The revolution must shed blood to succeed", and fulfilled the oath of the early years: "If the crisis is like this, dare to spare your life, willing to sacrifice your life"!

Her righteousness is immortal!

However, the revolution she was engaged in had the disadvantage of being divorced from the masses of the people. The people did not understand its revolution and did not support it.

Qiu Jin's death is deeply reflected in Lu Xun's novel "Bao".

Lu Xun used Xia Yu's name to allude to Qiu Jin in "Bao". Xia Yu sacrificed for the poor citizen Hua Lao Shu, and Hua Lao Shuan actually used Xia Yu's blood to treat Hua Xiaozhuo, the only son who had tuberculosis, and died as a result.

Not only did Hua Laozhuan not understand Xia Yu's revolution and sacrifice, but even Xia Yu's mother, Xia Si's grandmother, did not understand her son's revolution and sacrifice, how sad it was!

Xia Yu died a lonely and sad death, and Lu Xun revealed how profound the shortcomings of the old democratic revolution were!

Despite this, Xia Yu's death was not meaningless, and Lu Xun added a wreath to Xia Yu's grave, implying that Xia Yu would not die in vain, and that there would be successors.

Four years after Qiu Jin's inauguration, the Xinhai Revolution broke out in full swing, overthrowing the rule of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and then there was a revolution led by the Communist Party of China, overthrowing the emperor, feudal and official officials, and establishing New China!

Qiu Jin's last wish has finally come true!

Qiu Jin, her heroic deeds, are deeply admired and praised by future generations.

Qiu Jin is an amazing heroine, and for many years, she has been missed by people.

On December 9, 1912, Sun Yat-sen paid tribute to the tomb of Qiu Jin, and wrote a couplet "Edo Ya Danchen, the head of the monarch agrees with the alliance; ”

In 1939, ****** wrote an inscription in Shaoxing: "Don't forget the legacy of Jianhu Heroine, and hope to win glory for my daughter in Dongyue." ”

Guo Moruo said: "Qiu Jin has set a typical example of a prophet not only for the national liberation movement, but also for the women's liberation movement. ”

In July 1942, Soong Ching-ling said: Qiu Jin is "one of the most noble revolutionary martyrs." ”

On September 2, 1958, Song Qingling wrote an inscription for the Shaoxing Qiu Jin Memorial Hall: "Qiu Jin's poems and essays, with the famous sentence of 'autumn wind and autumn rain sorrowful', can cross the horse and carry a gun, once traveled east to Japan, aspired to the revolution, and passed on the chivalrous name from generation to generation." ”

However, regarding Qiu Jin's two desperate words, some people question and have arguments.

Wang Aicun and others believe that "To Xu Xiaoshu's Desperate Words" "This is an elegy to mourn Xu Xilin, not a desperate word".

His basis is that Qiu Jin did not specifically realize that the time of his "death" had come, so of course he would not write any "death words" under the critical situation at that time.

Second, there is a sentence in the autumn text "The remnants of the mountains and rivers are left, who recruits the soul of the warrior", Qiu Jin pretended to be a warrior for her before her death, isn't it ridiculous?

Third, Tao Chengzhang does not have an accurate understanding of what Qiu Jin did after Xu Xilin was killed (that is, Qiu Jin had the psychological illusion of "desperate")

In my personal opinion, "To Xu Xiaoshu's Desperate Words" is a desperate word, and it is very likely.

Qiu Jin has long had the psychology of sacrificing her life for the country, and in the crisis of Xu Xilin's murder, she said that "the revolution must shed blood to succeed", this sentence is undoubted, indicating that Qiu Jin consciously went to "die" for the country.

After Xu Xilin was killed, the situation was critical, how could Qiu Jin not realize that he would be "dead"?

Wang Aicun said that "Words to Xu Xiaoshu" is an elegy written by Qiu Jin for Xu Xilin, in such a sinister situation, how can Qiu Jin write an elegy for Xu Xilin and send it to his disciples? Is it so necessary?

Only Qiu Jin himself with the idea of dying for the country can write a desperate message and send it to express his will and last wish.

Therefore, "To Xu Xiaoshu" is Qiu Jin's fateful word, which works, not to mention that there are worries about the country and the people, regrets about unpaid ambitions, prospects for the future, and willingness to sacrifice themselves.

Although the article "To Xu Xiaoshu's Desperate Words" is short and concise, the content is profound, and the content contained in every sentence and every word is the most concerned thing in the depths of Qiu Jin's soul.

Regarding the sentence "autumn wind and autumn rain are sad", some people think that it is not from Qiu Jin's pen, but Shaoxing prefect Guifu and others asked hundreds of questions, but Qiu Jin did not answer any of them, and could not make a difference. It was Qiu Jin's confession fabricated by Guifu, and the doubters believed that this "confession" was undocumented in the criminal files of Shaoxing Prefecture, Shanyin County, and Huibi County at that time, and thus became a suspicious case.

Another basis for skeptics is that Qiu Jin was inaugurated on July 15, 1907 (the sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar), which was the height of the scorching summer and people sweating like rain

Personally, I think that the basis of the skeptic may not be tenable, and Guifu fabricated the official blame for Sai, and there is no evidence to check, and how did he make up such a sentence?

Moreover, Qiu Jin is righteous in the heat of midsummer rather than the cool autumn, is it impossible for her to quote Tao Tang's ready-made poems to express her feelings?

Anyway, I think Qiu Jin's two desperate words are credible.

In the hundred years since Qiu Jin was righteous, the right way in the world is the vicissitudes of life, and people will never forget this heroine with steel and iron bones.

Qiu Jin, she will always live in people's hearts!