At the national meeting for exchanging experience in quality education in primary and secondary schools, the call for "primary and secondary schools to shift from examination-oriented education to the track of comprehensively improving the quality of the people" was very correct and timely. There is a big gap between the moral and cultural qualities of young people and the needs of the times. As a school, we should pay more attention to the improvement of students' quality.

What I am talking about in this article mainly refers to the improvement of students' language quality.

The specific manifestations of low language proficiency of students are as follows:

1. Poor expression skills:

Usually, some students speak and write articles, and there are too many problems, the following are just a few:

(1) The admission letter took over my hand, and my heart was beating.

(2) How happy we are young people who grew up in socialism.

(3) Wang Gang glanced at Zhao Gang.

2. Excessive typos:

The students did not understand what they could do, but how they wrote the characters? There were so many mistakes and other words that they wrote the word "handover" as "teach," and even worse, they wrote the word "child" for "child" as "monkey," and the sentence was "because my mother gave birth to a baby monkey and could not go to school."

3. Fun is low-level

If the words are not good, and the words are written incorrectly, what is the mood of the expression? When the words are good and dirty, two students greet each other, and one of them asks, "Where are the ** going?" and the other answers: "I'm going to Hara (Er) Shore fuckingly", and some of them are even worse than that. This kind of foul language should have come from the mouth of the local ruffian, but who would have thought that it would come from the mouth of an educated student! This kind of low-grade taste is really unbearable for people to hear, but the speaker himself is unaware.

From the above three phenomena, it can be seen that students' language quality is indeed very problematic. "Strengthening quality and improving the quality of teaching" is a major issue that is imminent. Liu Bin, deputy director of the State Education Commission, said: "If our education can move towards quality education from now on, the country and the nation will be very fortunate. This requires teachers to "take quality education as the key link, strengthen language teaching," thoroughly change the phenomenon of low language quality, and train a new generation of people with both ability and political integrity for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

So, how to strengthen language quality education?

(1) Beautify the language and do a good job of demonstration

Yu Yi, a national special-grade teacher, said: "Teachers' language cultivation and the art of using language often play a particularly important role. She should "use language to 'stick' students." Therefore, a teacher, especially a Chinese teacher, must beautify his own language, do a good job of demonstration, "the great power of a teacher is to set an example", teach by word and deed, and strive to improve students' language quality and enhance their expression ability.

There are two levels of teacher beautification of language:

(1) Language standardization

Teaching language (teaching language arts) is the fusion of multiple language styles, an organic combination of ideology, science and art, the processing of written language, and the refinement of oral language.

The first step is to standardize the language, which means that the teaching language should meet the requirements of grammar, logic, reason, be able to express the meaning correctly, and be suitable for the psychological characteristics and receptivity of students, and be able to accurately impart scientific and cultural knowledge.

Teaching language should avoid "waste, hu, xuan, pretty, mixed, dreamy, coarse, and set".

(2) Be concise and beautiful

The standardization of teaching language is only a minimum standard, and this cannot satisfactorily accomplish the teaching task, and it is necessary to raise it to a higher level -- refinement and sounding. The premise of refinement is that only when the language reaches the level of refinement (perfection) can it receive a beautiful (witty language) effect.

How can you refine it and make it sound beautiful?

First, it is necessary to refine the ore

The content of the lesson, even a small amount of it, can be expressed in many languages, and the teacher must concentrate it as much as extracting ore from a mineral deposit, choosing words that are concise and to the point.

Second, it is necessary to suppress the tone and frustration

The Russian Chekhov said: "Under normal circumstances, we should avoid using words that are not beautiful in timbre and awkward", and we should pay attention to the beauty of music.

Third, it is necessary to appreciate both the elegant and the vulgar

In addition to solemn and elegant, classroom language can also be used in popular language. This proverb refers to the widely popular and lively proverbs, idioms, and afterwords, etc., which enhance the interest of the teaching language and complete the teaching task together with the solemn and elegant language.

In short, the teaching language should be accurate, clear and scientific, concise and logical, vivid and vivid, easy to understand and popular, inspiring and inspiring, and harmonious in tone and frustration.

(2) Civilized education cultivates sentiments

It can be seen from the uncivilized phenomenon of students' language that their moral sentiments are not standardized, and students must be educated in civilization (moral education). Khomlinsky sees moral education as a "decisive and dominant component" in the overall development of the whole world, and he believes that this principle is not an artificial prescribation, but an objective demand of society for education, including schooling.

Only when students have noble and beautiful sentiments can they have a civilized language.

(3) Carefully assist in cultivating ability

This refers to the specific work that teachers do on the students themselves, which is very important and arduous. This requires a high level of responsibility, knowledge, skill, flexibility and hard work to be effective.

Here's how:

(1) Speak to the church

Since the student has the problem of not being able to speak and saying badly, the teacher should teach him to be able to speak and say "good" things, which is also a minimum standard.

How to teach?

First, it is necessary to explain the meaning, function, and use of words with examples, so that students can acquire basic knowledge and fill in the gaps; second, it is necessary to analyze how the author speaks based on the textbook, so that students can get the enlightenment of operation and accumulate potential; third, it is necessary to guide students to imitate speaking and writing, so that students can speak well and be creative.

(2) Eliminate typos

How do you get rid of typos?

Lu Shuxiang said some methods in "Typo Discussion", in addition, there are the following methods:

First, remember the pronunciation and shape of the word

When teaching new words, students are required to memorize the pronunciation and shape structure of the words, and strive to memorize more, so that mistakes can be avoided when using them.

Second, grasp the meaning and usage of words

As soon as you come into contact with a new word, you must understand its meaning and usage well, and you will not travel when choosing it in a specific language environment.

Third, it should be selected in context

When writing, the user (student) must have a thorough understanding of the context of the word, understand the meaning of the specific context, and then choose the corresponding font to avoid typos, especially to distinguish between words that are close in shape and sound.

Fourth, use the six books to make characters to identify

One of the characteristics of Chinese characters is ideographic, which is better confirmed by the Six Books of Calligraphy. For example, the shape and sound of words, there are shape and sound side, the specific method can be seen in the "Handbook of Basic Knowledge of Language", but this rule can not be a hundred shots.

Fifth, review more often to ensure that it is correct

There are thousands of Chinese characters, and it is impossible to memorize them all at once, so you have to review them frequently and never tire of them. It is also a good way to use it often, commonly use, remember to use it well, as the saying goes, "practice makes perfect"?

(3) Read more and write more

This is the key to learning a language well, and it is a high-level summary of the methods used to learn a language, but no other high level has been found.

"Read more" and "write more" are very closely related. "Read more" is the basis of "write more", and in turn, "write more" is the effect of "read more". "Reading more" means learning various basic knowledge (rationality), and "writing more" means applying various rational knowledge (practice). "Read more" is "how", "write more" will be "how", it can be seen that "read more" is very important.

Khomlinsky said that "without a lot of reading, a person is threatened with spiritual emptiness." ”

"Reading" includes "listening, speaking" and "reading". "Listening" refers to listening to the teacher's lectures, listening to the radio, watching television, etc., which is just "reading" by ear. "Reading" refers to more books, including books inside and outside the classroom, especially to memorize more, and to understand by heart, so that "if its words come out of my mouth, its meaning is like out of my heart". Khomlinsky said: "Nothing can replace the role of books", from which one can "get inspiration, be educated, gain indirect experience, thereby raising consciousness and enriching knowledge" (Ye Shengtao), cultivate sentiment, build character, and then "write more". "Writing more" here refers to the training and composition of basic knowledge, which is the "more reading" and the acquired knowledge and information through the brain's perception, memory, comprehension, synthesis (absorption → internalization), and then feedback to the application ("more reading" effect), which is also the law of language learning: "feeling→ comprehending→ accumulating → applying".

The above method is to cultivate students' four abilities of "listening, speaking, reading and writing".

(4) Supplemented by activities

Language and literature is a very broad subject that must be well informed, so it is necessary to carry out some extracurricular activities to supplement it.

First, go out into society

Liu Guozheng said: "Language is naturally linked to life, and language is a tool that reflects life and in turn serves life. "Let students get out of the 'narrow cage' of classroom teaching and step into the broad social language space", look at the vigorous construction of the four modernizations, contact people from all walks of life, and enjoy the beautiful and rich scenery of mountains and rivers to expand students' horizons, broaden their minds, and then write into writing. Su Zhe said: "Literature can not be learned but can be (that is, only relying on book knowledge is not enough), Taishi Gong travels the world, travels around the famous mountains and rivers of the four seas, and travels with Yan and Zhao, so his writing is sparse and quite strange", "How can you learn to write for such a text!" In addition, use the language knowledge that students have mastered to directly serve the reality, write realistic literature, and investigate reports...... We should make every effort to construct a systematic project of "open source" and "diversion" of Chinese teaching, and lead students into the "broad world" of Chinese learning, so that students' language quality will be greatly improved.

Second, launch a competition

Carrying out basic knowledge and essay competitions can not only improve students' interest in learning Chinese, but also cultivate their ability to write and speak (expression and meaning).

Third, speech and debate

This is a direct manifestation of "speaking" among the four abilities of "listening, speaking, reading, and writing". Speaking is an ability, and Dale Carnegie said, "Speaking in public is always inevitable in a person's school or profession." If you are always cringing or stumbling, and the words do not reach the meaning, you will definitely have no chance of success. "Speaking" also has the ability to "write", because it is necessary to make preparations before giving speeches and debates, and writing a good speech is to prepare for material wealth. In the process of giving a speech or debating, the role of spiritual wealth (emotion, intonation, etc.) should be brought into play, and the combination of the two can obtain the effect of "grand debate of argumentation". Through lectures and debates, students can be quick in thinking, quick in response, and strong in adaptability.

Fourth, extracurricular organizations

This is also a position for moral education and a furnace for casting talents. I have organized a literary club to lecture on literary and artistic theories and carry out literary and artistic creation, so that students can obtain knowledge that cannot be obtained in the first class, broaden students' horizons, cultivate their abilities, master their skills, and cultivate talents.

(5) Do a good job in evaluation

Usually teaching and practicing, the effect of teaching and learning is still unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct assessments frequently, which are divided into two types: written and oral examinations. It can be theoretical, operational, practical, and appropriate in content, and then summarize (evaluate) to constantly change the content, innovate methods and guide students to self-summarize in order to improve, and have careful planning and full preparation. The assessment should be staged, scientific, systematic and artistic. Only in this way can we harmonize teaching and learning and improve our quality rapidly.

In short, teaching should focus on the all-round improvement of quality, not just the improvement of adaptability, and in order to achieve this, we must do our best.

(November 1998)