Chapter 1 Introduction Before the capital is determined, the tomb is determined, and the monk Daoyan is a loyal minister

The poem says: Emperor Taizu created the Ming Dynasty, and the first generation of wisdom also died.

Emperor Yongle won the Jingjing difficulty, and the capital moved to Beijing.

This poem is to say that Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, founded the thousand-year-old foundation of the Ming Dynasty. When he was dying, he passed on his throne to his grandson, which led to the world's greatness.

In June 1399 (the first year of Jianwen), Ni Liang, the guard of the Yanwang Mansion, reported Zhu Di's rebellion, and the imperial court ordered the arrest of the officials and subordinates of the Yanwang Mansion. Zhu Di listened to the advice of the monk Daoyan, and decided to raise troops immediately, and in the name of killing Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng, he was known as Fengtian Jingjing. Dao Yan assisted the prince Zhu Gaochi to stay in Beiping.

In October of the same year, Zhu Di attacked Daning (now Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia), and Li Jinglong, the commander of the Southern Army, took the opportunity to besiege Beiping. Dao Yan commanded his soldiers to guard the city, repelled the attack of the Southern Army, and hoisted the soldiers out of the city with ropes at night, and attacked Zhu Di's reinforcements inside and outside, breaking the Southern Army. Li Jinglong and Ping'an were defeated one after another.

In 1400 (the second year of Jianwen), Zhu Di besieged Jinan for three months, and it was difficult to break the city. Dao Yan asked someone to send a message to Zhu Di, saying: "The soldiers are tired, let's still be a class teacher." Zhu Di then retreated to Beiping. Later, the Yan army was defeated at Dongchang (now Liaocheng, Shandong), the general Zhang Yu was killed in battle, and Zhu Di withdrew again.

At that time, Zhu Di planned to take a short rest, but under Yao Guangxiao's strong persuasion, he continued to march, defeated Sheng Yong, and broke through Xishui Village. Later, Dao Yan said to Zhu Di: "Don't attack the city, you should quickly take the Beijing Division." The strength of the Beijing division is weak, and it will definitely be able to conquer it. Zhu Di took his advice, defeated the southern army at Weishui and Lingbi, and crossed the river into Beijing.

In 1402 (the fourth year of Jianwen), Zhu Di was proclaimed emperor and was the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty.

Who do you say this Daoyan is? The common name is Yao Guangxiao (1335-1418), the young name is Tianxi, the legal name is Daoyan, the word Si Dao, and the word Dudu, the old man of Du'an, and the fugitive son. Yao Guangxiao became a monk in Suzhou Miaozhi Nunnery when he was young, and was proficient in the three religions, and had a good relationship with various academic leaders of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the early Ming Dynasty. After Chengzu succeeded to the throne, Yao Guangxiao served as the monk Lu Si Zuo Shanshi, and added the prince and young master, known as the "black-clothed prime minister". Responsible for the relocation of the capital, single-handedly planning the layout of today's Beijing city.

Monk Daoyan received the holy decree, rushed back to Beijing, and came to Dingdu Peak in western Beijing. He opened his triangular eyes, overlooking the North China Plain, surrounded by the mountains of western Beijing, mobilized the feng shui compass, and saw the flying dragon emerge. He closed his triangular eyes, secretly pinched his fingers and calculated, a little proud, a trace of careful calculation, let him see the Ming Dynasty, the stable country, inherited for a hundred years. Suddenly, he opened his triangular eyes again, his fingers stopped calculating, and his eyes only looked southwest. In addition to the clear dragon veins of the Ming Dynasty, which suppressed the qi of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a faint trace of dragon qi, which was hidden in the southwest. He was stunned for a moment, and broke out in a cold sweat. This southwest dragon qi, although hidden, still did not please his exquisite skills and precise calculations.

He carefully observed the terrain, and there was a mountain in the southwest with two summits, a veritable double-pointed mountain. He hurriedly took the map, in the southwest, the mountain is called Shuangjianling, along the Shuangjiang River downstream, Taihang Mountain forms an encircling trend, and forms a scene of nine dragons gathering in front of the mountain, which is clearly a place of dragon prosperity.

The terrain has clearly told him everything, although the Ming Dynasty is flying dragons in the sky, there are still two dragon qi, and it is known that there are open and secret battles. The Northern Yuan Dynasty, although it is still a little weak, but the qi is exhausted, and it will not pose a serious threat to the Ming Dynasty. The key to cracking is to set the capital of Beijing, with the thriving dragon energy of the Ming Dynasty, you can crack the threat of the Yuan Dynasty, although there will be twists and turns, but it can't move the foundation of the Ming Dynasty. It was this dragon qi hidden in the southwest that made him more vigilant. From the topography point of view, the nine mountain ranges converge at a point, forming an obvious place of Longxing, I think not to be threatened by the Ming Dynasty, I must find a way to crack it, in order to be able to protect the Ming Dynasty, thousands of years of stability and everything is prosperous.

He made a clear mark on the map, and under this mark was a village, Cattle Pen Village.

He silently returned to Qingshou Temple and began to design the city of Beijing.

At the same time, he drafted a recital, in which Emperor Yongle of Chengzu asked that his grave be chosen in Niuquan Village after a hundred years. The cantata doesn't mention why. He kept it with him all the time.

In 1418 (the sixteenth year of Yongle), Yao Guangxiao was seriously ill and could not go to the court, and lived in Qingshou Temple. Cheng Zu went to visit him several times, gave him a golden spit pot, and asked him what he wanted. Yao Guangxiao said: The monk Pu Qia has been locked up in prison for a long time, and I hope to pardon him. "Pu Qia is the chief monk of Emperor Jianwen. At the beginning, when Chengzu entered Nanjing, some people said that Emperor Jianwen pretended to be a monk and fled, Pu Qia knew about it, and some people said that Emperor Jianwen was hiding in Pu Qia's house. The emperor imprisoned Pu Qia on the grounds of other affairs, and ordered Hu Hu and others to look for the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen everywhere, but they could not find it, and Pu Qia has been imprisoned for more than ten years. Until this time, Chengzu agreed to Yao Guangxiao's request and immediately ordered him to be released. Yao Guangxiao bowed his head and thanked him. Then he took out the piece he had already prepared from his body and asked that his grave be chosen in the village of Oxpen. Ming Cheng Zuen granted his request.

Soon after, Yao Guangxiao died of illness at the age of eighty-four. On the second day of the abolition of the dynasty, Yao Guangxiao was buried with the ritual system of a monk, and he was posthumously awarded the official position of Yao Jishangbao Shaoqing for his adoptive son Yao Ji Shangbao Shaoqing.

Yao Guangxiao's tomb tower is located in the south of Niuquan, Fangshan District, Beijing, built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, is an octagonal nine-level dense eaves brick tower, about 33 meters high. In front of the tower, there is a Ming Chengzu Zhu Di "built Yao Guangxiao Shendao Monument", the tablet stood in the first year of Xuande (1426), 4 meters high, 1.1 meters wide, 0.33 meters thick.

The girdle of the base of the Sumeru tower is carved with longevity patterns and flowers, and the four fronts are carved with false doors, and the four sides are carved with false windows. The front lintel is inlaid with a piece of ashlar, and the regular script on it reads: "The prince and young master give the tower of Rongguo Gongjing Gong Yao Guangxiao". The body of the tower is nine layers of astringent eaves, each corner is hung with copper bells, the wind blows, the sound is melodious. The overall structure of the tomb tower is symmetrical, and the floral patterns on the tower body are unique and finely carved. The whole tower body is delicate and straight, fully reflecting the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty tower.

Precisely:

The agency calculates to protect the Ming, life as a hero, death as a god,

Only Dao Yan is a monk, who lives and dies to be a loyal minister.

Explain how Cowpen Village came about?