Chapter 86 Preliminary Attempts at the Mathematization of Traditional Chinese Medicine
In a word, the analogy of a programmer to Chinese medicine is to be used.
The combination of virtual and real is actually very consistent with the existing hidden Markov model, which is based on a certain probability model, in which the real and virtual are both certain selective expression states, which can be regarded as different sequences, and due to the probability distribution, there will be a certain hybrid of virtual and real. In my personal opinion (not necessarily correct), many opposing concepts in Chinese medicine are actually a primitive and naïve abstraction, existence and non-existence, which can be considered very low-level (and even have some similarities with some ideas of quantum physics, such as Pauli's incompatibility principle, can you believe it?). But the problem is to rely on this underlying idea to explain the macro network system of the human body as a whole, just like programming with the underlying machine language (machine-assembly-high-level language, the higher the degree of abstraction, the closer to the natural language, and the more user-friendly), the difficulty can be imagined. Therefore, combined with the existing history of programming development, we believe that we can continue to iterate on the basis of this underlying idea, forming different levels of modules (ideas of various schools), and finally making people understand. Of course, the bigger ambition is that if this way of understanding is correct, it can guide others to continue on this path, after all, I personally think that TCM treatment is the same as writing code, it is a black box for outsiders, but there is a certain logic inside, the difference is that the code can be used globally, and TCM should also have this potential.
Yes, I plan to use the computer architecture to try to understand TCM (of course, it is more software, I don't know much about the hardware aspect), and it is easier and more meaningful to explain it with the help of existing tools. In other words, I regard the lowest concept of traditional Chinese medicine, yin and yang, as the machine code 1/0, which represents the dimensionality reduction of the ideal situation of the complex high-dimensional structure of the human body, that is, like a logic circuit, at this level certain and non-operations can be continuously traversed to form a more complex structure, the simplest example is the amplifier. This orderly assemblage of simple materials can emerge into a high-dimensional nature, which may be the essence of reductionism, which can constantly approximate indescribable holism. This thinking is also reflected in the ability of programming languages to describe all algorithms in a finite sequential branching loop structure. Therefore, our preliminary conclusion is that the underlying layer can form a high-dimensional structure through its own combination, that is, traversal, and we need to grasp the direction of its traversal to form a high-dimensional structure close to our reality, and then we can speculate on what may happen in reality according to the various knowledge of this model.
So on the basis of yin and yang, there is a further differentiation, that is, the five elements, which is a process of upward traversal and ascending, just like the development process of machine-assembly-high-level language. At this level, it is possible to construct a certain connection with more concrete objects: heart, fire, liver, wood, spleen, earth, lungs, gold, kidney, water, it can be said that the Five Elements Thought has a certain number of object-oriented signs. Compared to the previous more incomprehensible yin and yang (1/0 code), this has been a big leap forward, allowing us to build a relationship that is closer to the human mindset (see the tears streaming down the face of programmers who have been programming in machine language after using assembly language), after all, we still believe that seeing is believing, and all kinds of underlying connections must be put on the table and observable before we admit their existence.
However, it should be noted that as an abstract structure, it is still very difficult to establish a definite connection with the real structure, because the real structure is the result of a multi-level comprehensive effect, which is why ancient Chinese medicine has various theories that seem strange to us modern people, such as the heart as the official of the monarch (we must consider the logic of the times at that time is different from the present, and the influence of culture is the lowest level). However, as an abstract structure, it is already a progress relative to the idea of yin and yang, and our descendants will continue to develop on this basis. If you don't believe me, try programming in machine language, it will definitely make you cry. Of course, this idea was not put forward by chance, but the understanding of the disease that has been deepened through the accumulation of long-term medical practice experience (continuous trial and error, silent mourning for the victims of various experiments). This development process was very tortuous, and it was inseparable from the theoretical development of various disciplines at that time, and the philosophy of that time guided the development of Chinese medicine in the same way that mathematics guides science today.
This kind of continuous de-abstraction of the ascension continues, and various Tibetan phenomena, meridians, and other theories are like our high-level language, extracting a set of high-dimensional operational modules, so as to achieve the definition of various variables and functions, the basic operation of certain expressions, the execution of various sequential branch loop structures, the encapsulation and invocation of different modules, and so on.
Code is there to better solve problems, and this problem-solving oriented thinking is what our medicine has always advocated, that is, to cure diseases. On the basis of these abstract levels, different doctors adopt different clinical ideas and even the final schools of thought, such as Vulcan and Yin, are writing different codes to solve the same problems, just as different programmers now have different programming styles, but the ultimate goal is the same. At this level, we can abstract each diagnosis and treatment process into a certain code (different doctors have different diagnosis and treatment ideas, may use different drugs, etc.) to solve a specific problem. Of course, we can't rethink genetics every time we see a patient, but instead we call on our previous experience (whether it's our own or someone else's) to make certain decisions. So we can understand the different experiences as writing libraries and calling them directly when they are used, without having to write a new program. To a certain extent, the older the doctor gets, the more popular it is because of the accumulation of experience, which makes it a lot of built-in libraries, which can easily cope with various complex situations, and the convergence of this rapid diagnosis is also because of the fact that more cases have been traversed before. Therefore, if we can imitate the ideas of the construction of various open source communities today, and upload the libraries written by various experiences, and everyone can call them, then the difference between young doctors and old doctors can be reduced to a certain extent, and then theoretically there can be more excellent doctors. Of course, this is a brain-blowing, and experience is not so easy to transfer, just like the various call transfers that we are used to when programming, we still need to learn very hard.
With the above doctrines (encapsulated thoughts, structured thoughts) as a basis, it is time for us to discuss the specific diagnosis and treatment of diseases. According to the Fourier series, a pair of linearly independent substrates can traverse every point of space through their selective expression, i.e., linear combinations. In this way, we abstractly express complex diseases as a set of data in a high-dimensional space, and our diagnosis is to find the essence of these diseases, and then process them like closed treatment, and the ultimate goal is to make these data return to a certain range, that is, we think of the state of health. This is what we currently think of as a black-box computing module in the inputs (various tests, looks, smells, questions, etc.) – calculations – outputs (specific drug treatments, etc.).
We can use these doctrines as a basis for constructing their correspondence with real diseases, and then apply treatments on that basis. That is to say, after mastering various theories, i.e., programming languages, TCM needs to selectively combine to form a certain logical structure, corresponding to complex programs, and then perform calculations in order to effectively solve problems. This process requires a certain algorithm, and different diagnosis and treatment ideas are different algorithms. It can be said that in essence, there is no great difference between these clinical ideas (algorithms), as long as the final output can be obtained, all kinds of resources consumed are tolerable. The problem is that, in reality, these problems are not necessarily solvable, that is, it is difficult for us to make a judgment about downtime. Then we can see that therapies often precede theories, and therapies correspond to our procedures, which is the ultimate goal of our application of these theories.
Therefore, according to the idea of approximating the local optimal to the overall optimum, we can use these basic theories to selectively combine (such as various data structures, operators, etc. in programming), form a certain high-dimensional structure (corresponding to the program) according to certain ideas (various algorithms), form a certain correspondence with the disease, and then find a specific method to treat it.
If we understand it in this way, that is, to think of a famous doctor as a good programmer, it may explain to some extent why famous doctors are always proficient in multiple subjects. It's not just that the previous sub-disciplines are not detailed enough, but also because in the eyes of programmers at this level, all programs are 1/0 yards, and you can only look far if you stand tall.
Addendum 1:
In fact, the humanities can only be said to be far from the level where we need to consider this thing. After all, my current superficial view is that it is a means of comfort, a helpless move that we have no other way around. I especially hate this feeling of powerlessness, that not being able enough is not enough, and that it has nothing to do with the complexity of the human body and disease, and that truly capable people will find the most intrinsic path from these complex situations, and then deal with them, and be able to play a role (predictably, there are very few of them). Of course, there are still many cases where this is the case, and it is really not that people can reap the rewards of hard work, and the influence on the probability distribution at the group level is very small, and I just hate that people are satisfied with themselves before they have done their best.
Addendum 2:
Pathogenesis, syndrome, etc. is an algorithm idea of feature recognition, which is calculated at this high-dimensional level according to experience. The combination of different dialectical formations corresponds to different fundamentals and can be treated in a patterned way for individual medications. Of course, this fractal method is still relatively rough, and we can theoretically construct more recognition objects and form a more accurate cluster analysis. However, this requires a high level of computing resources, and for the situation that TCM can only run these "codes" with the brain, it is bound to only do a certain amount of principal component analysis, that is, to select the most critical features (the eight outlines of the syndrome: yin and yang, the surface and the inside, cold, heat, deficiency and reality, as a set of linear independent substrates, which can establish a correlation with enough basic through their linear combinations) to identify various diseases and then carry out certain treatments. Perhaps, by this standard, the more savvy doctors are able to consider more variables, then with the development of computer science, we should theoretically be able to approach or even surpass these ancient physicians by considering more factors.
The so-called evidence is a high-dimensional level of operation, which is based on the symptom and is higher than the symptom, and the operation at this level can ignore the interaction of various complex symptoms at the bottom level. In my opinion, this highly abstract thinking is the root of some ancient ideas that are still outdated. In this dimension, it is clear that we understand the seemingly contradictory treatment of the same disease and the same treatment of different diseases, which is also the individualized diagnosis and treatment advocated by today's precision medicine. I tend to understand this using the Nash equilibrium of game theory, which is a kind of fixed point, which is a high-dimensional structure, and theoretically being able to exert influence on a fixed point can solve the symptoms of various diseases at the lower dimensional level. Therefore, I have always had respect for how TCM finds the high-dimensional structure of the real fixed point, and how its specific algorithm is achieved. Modern medicine is not inferior, and the search for the causes of various symptoms has penetrated down to the molecular level of cells, genes, and genes, and is also a kind of high-dimensional pattern identification. It may be that all kinds of complex medical terms are the specific operation mechanism of Chinese medicine, which is calculated at the level of natural language, such as various spleen deficiency and the like, which are calculated at this high-dimensional level, although I think it may be that the empirical components of the operation of these objects are mostly the components. The underlying mechanism can be used to construct correlations through these cluster analyses.
This abstract description is embodied in various aspects of TCM, such as various etiologies and pathogenesis. In order to actually apply it, we need to go back to the bottom and then traverse all the way up. Just like writing an article, I have to learn how to write, I have to slowly learn how to structure the article, and so on. Of course, I personally think that Chinese medicine is still quite user-friendly, and always uses various natural phenomena (such as wind light and venting) as analogies, which is easy to understand, but further development is very tested. It's better at math, maybe it matches my thinking habits.
Addendum 3:
According to the enlightenment given to us by the Fourier series: a pair of linear independent substrates can traverse every point of space through their selective expression, that is, linear combinations, and we can say with certain certainty that many diseases can be treated by a certain combination of drugs, and we are sure that there is such an optimal ratio. This kind of information, which can be expressed as a certain sequence, is theoretically inevitable, and we just need to know which drugs are and their relative proportions, which is an optimal solution to solve the problem.
After all, we are not satisfied with simple additions and subtractions based on experience, which we believe to be too long to accept. For example, in the Westernblot experiment we did earlier, we need to first tune up the internal controls. Through the gray analysis of the bands that have been run several times, we can construct a certain correspondence with the internal control concentration we add, and then take the large difference between the previous and subsequent addition concentrations as the base, and according to the continuity assumption that the internal control concentration and the gray scale of the band have a linear relationship, there is always a certain relative proportion that can make the internal control aligned. And because we have limited dosing accuracy, we still have a lot of freedom. This is a very simple modeling problem that can be of great help to our modulation parameters. Of course, I stayed at this level, and I could only use the existing software to do grayscale analysis, and then extract the data for simple curve fitting.
According to our current assumptions, the general idea is still the same, and it is important to understand the changes from a higher perspective, as the Newton-Leibniz formula reveals, and that complex operations in lower dimensions are not a matter in higher dimensional objects.
This idea can be used to quantify, for example, the theory of the four natures of cold, hot, warm and cool, sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty of traditional Chinese medicine is expressed as certain characteristics, and then a certain pattern recognition is done. If it works, we recognize it as useful, just as we identify with the various active ingredients in Western medicine today. This avoids all kinds of arguments and quarrels, after all, on the one hand, this kind of abstract level of thinking is not recognized by everyone, and on the other hand, it also helps to update the theory, so that there is no need to cling to the old one. And this developable vitality is an opportunity for Chinese medicine to become a science. After all, I believe that the use of TCM medicine may contain a rapidly converging algorithm that can target the idea of immobility, and this may be different from the existing method of large-scale trial (see the development of new drugs), but through the use of multiple boundaries to continuously shrink the scope of traversal, and finally form a meaningful pattern.
Addendum 4:
TCM focuses on internal medicine, which may be considered to be the essence and can have a good correlation with its targeting, because the human body network has a hierarchical equivalent transformation, which can spread this influence.
Abstract concepts such as yin deficiency and yang deficiency can be expressed in a certain pattern, that is, the distribution of cells in various tissues and gene expression networks, and other underlying data.
We hope that the occurrence, development and evolution of diseases can be explained from the perspective of networks, with specific sequence operations as the object, matrix multiplication as the operating rule, and probabilistic network models to understand.
The unity of man and nature is the property of the hierarchical similarity that the network has, because the network is a fractal structure. This is the basis for the interaction between the various layers, i.e. similarities can be used as interfaces. Some of the applications of game theory, which I have always been inclined to, may be reflected in the interaction between different levels, and we intend to use matrices to represent the heartfelt level, and then use the multiplication of matrices to represent their interactions, because this is an operation at a high-dimensional level, which can change its probability matrix, so that we can see the possible differences in the concrete sequence representation. This is the mathematical basis of dialectical argumentation, and the equilibrium that can be reached in the end corresponds to the real situation.