Chapter 419: The Unsinkable Passenger Ship

Belfast is a famous port.

Ye Chao originally wanted to get a sea ship to travel, but Tang Yan had already prepared it for him. Yes, cruises, good food, good wine, beautiful women are ready for him.

Such a well-behaved little smoke made Ye Chao unbearable to attack him.

Speaking of cruise ships, it is said that the once sensational Titanic came from the Harland and Wolf shipyard in Belfast Harbour, Ireland.

The Titanic was the world's largest passenger ship with the most luxurious internal facilities at that time, and it had the reputation of "unsinkable".

However, ironically, on her maiden voyage, the Titanic suffered bad luck - she departed from Southampton, England, via Cherbourg-Octerville, France and Queenstown, Ireland, to New York, USA, and at about 23:40 on April 14, 1912, the Titanic collided with an iceberg, causing the starboard bow to the ship's amidships to burst, and five watertight compartments flooded.

At about 2:20 a.m. the next day, the Titanic's hull broke in two and sank to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean at 3,700 meters. Of the 2,224 crew members and passengers, more than 1,500 were killed, of which only 333 bodies were recovered.

The sinking of the Titanic, one of the deadliest shipwrecks in peacetime, was not rediscovered until 1985 and is currently under the protection of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

The Titanic (RMS Titanic), also translated as Titanic, is an Olympic-class cruise ship under the British White Star Line, which started construction on March 31, 1909 at the Harland and Wolf shipyard in Belfast Harbor, Ireland, launched on May 31, 1911, and completed the sea trial on April 2, 1912.

In 1845, John? John Pilkington and Henry? Henry Ilson founded the White Star Line in Liverpool, England, but due to long-term poor management, the company's cash flow difficulties were met on January 18, 1868. Henry? Takeover by National Line, which is owned by Thomas Henry Ismay.

In 1899, Thomas? Ismay died, and his son Joseph? Bruce? Joseph Bruce Ismay takes over the family business and becomes Chairman of the White Star Line.

In 1901, in John the Elder? Pierponte? At the behest of John Pierpont Morgan Sr. (founder of JPMorgan Chase), International Mercantile Marine made an offer to White Star Shipping to merge the two companies to expand its operations.

Ismay agreed with the proposal, and the company was restructured just a year later to become a subsidiary of the International Shipping Company. Two years later, Ismay became chairman of the International Shipping Company with the support of Morgan Sr.

At the time, White Star Line's biggest competitor was the British company Carned Line, which built two of the fastest super cruise ships at the time, the Lusitania and the Mauritania, which used large steam turbines for the first time, and opened several new routes to compete with White Star Line, which put a lot of pressure on the latter's operations.

However, with the support of the huge funds of the international shipping company, the White Star Shipping Company decided to catch up.

One evening in 1908, Ismay went to Harland & Wolff & Wolff (now Harland & Wolff) Chairman William? Dinner was shared at the mansion of Lord James Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, London, in Belgravia.

Haaland & Wolff was a long-established shipbuilder with a history of nearly 80 years and has been a loyal partner of White Star Shipping since 1871.

During the conversation, the two men talked about two new Canard ships, and Ismay was interested in the proposal that the Harland and Wolf shipyards in Belfast should build two unprecedentedly large cruise ships, each with three chimneys, and the tonnage would be about 15,000 tons larger than the two new Canard ships.

In fact, Ismay did not have a whim, he had discussed this topic with Morgan Sr. a year ago, but now it is officially on the table.

In the study, Ismay and Pirry had a repeated discussion: two ships became three; Three chimneys became four......

These three unprecedented ships will be the undisputed supremacy of the Atlantic route – not only in terms of tonnage, but also in terms of speed and luxury: the new ships will have speeds of up to 26 to 27 knots, a first-class restaurant that spans three decks, and even the third-class décor will be far more comfortable and sophisticated than other mail ships.

Soon after the two chairmen agreed, the two companies signed a contract for Haaland and Wolf to build three superships, in which the entrusted party would be able to use "all necessary funds" and receive a 5% profit upon completion.

Haaland and Wolff attached great importance to the construction of new ships, and they organized the participation of the top experts in the design: Thomas Jr., the manager of the design department? Andrews (Thomas Andres Jr.) was in charge of the overall design, and Andrews' deputy, Edward ? Edardilding is responsible for the calculation data and the design of the ship's stability and balance.

General Manager & Chief Designer Alexander? Alexander Carlisle was responsible for outfitting, decoration design and master planning – he was responsible for the layout of the Titanic's lifeboat; Lord Pirry personally supervised the design process.

On July 29, 1908, Haaland and Wolf completed the design and delivery of the drawings to the White Star Shipping Company executives, and two days later, Ismay signed an agreement for Haaland and Wolf to build the three new ships.

At this time, the three ships had not yet been named, but were codenamed by numbers: the Olympic was named "Number 400" because it was equipped with the 400th hull built by the Harland and Wolf companies, and the Titanic and Britannia were named "401" and "402" following this pattern.

Unlike other companies, which keep the names of their new ships secret before they are launched, White Star Shipping was quick to announce the names of their vessels.

According to the naming tradition of the White Star Shipping Company, the three ships were added with the suffix "-ic" after the nouns, in order: RMS Olympic, RMS Titanic and RMS Britannic (rumor has it that the ship was named "RMS Gigantic" before 1912, which should be translated as "Giant", but White Star Shipping has always denied this.

The rumours are based on a document in the collection of the Public Records Service of Northern Ireland, which is widely believed to be a clerical error on the part of the document's author, or a private code name, and since they also carry mail, the ship's name is prefixed with "Royal Mail Steamer" (RMS).

Due to the size of the Titanic's hull - 883 feet long, Harlan? It was clear that the shipyard at Wolff's shipyard in Belfast could not start three ships at the same time. They decided to build the Olympic and Titanic first, and then start building the Britannic after the Olympic was launched.

Construction began on the Olympic on December 16, 1908, and on the Titanic on March 31 of the following year.

A total of 15,000 workers were involved in the construction at the time, and many were injured or even killed during the construction process due to the inherent risks of the shipbuilding process and the lack of awareness of the importance of safety precautions for both companies and workers at the time.

During the construction of the Titanic alone, 246 people were injured, 28 of them seriously; Six people died in accidents on the slipway, two in sheds and processing yards, and one person was killed by falling wood before going into the water.

On February 3, 1912, the Titanic completed the decoration work, and the maiden voyage was originally scheduled for March 20. But the Olympic's unfortunate collision in September 1911 (with the Royal Navy's cruiser USS Hawke) delayed the Titanic's final finish.

Her maiden flight was scheduled for April 10. This will be preceded by sea trials on April 1.

All the best. The Titanic arrived at the port of Southampton on the 3rd, anchored at anchorage 41, and waited for the exciting moment on the 10th. As an unpleasant little episode, the coaling effort suffered a bit of a setback due to a strike by coal workers at the Port of Southampton.

IMM didn't want to postpone the Titanic's maiden voyage any longer, so it scavenged all the coal from all of the company's mail ship bunkers anchored in the port of Southampton.