Chapter 421: The Tragedy of a Luxury Passenger Ship
0:40: Boiler Room 6 and the entire Watertight Chamber 5 are flooded. The water had spilled from the top of the No. 6 flare-up into the E deck, where there was no waterproofing and water poured in from the top.
The 6th spacer tank began to be flooded, and the hull gradually tilted. From the No. 5 boiler room, a terrifying muffled sound can be heard from the front waterproofing plate. The crew who were rescuing the mail in the mail room became the first victims of the Titanic.
All lifeboat preparations are completed. The crew began to persuade first-class passengers (women and children) to board the lifeboats. Dinghy 7 was the first lifeboat to be lowered, but the lifeboat with a maximum capacity of 65 people only carried a dozen passengers.
0:45: The waterproof plate between the No. 6 and No. 5 boiler compartments was deformed by the high temperature of a small fire a few days ago, and now the water pressure causes the baffle to suddenly collapse, and the water rushes over like a wall, and the bottom of the No. 6 baffle is instantly filled with seawater, becoming the first link in this devastating chain reaction.
The first distress rocket was launched, and a shiny white spark slowly fell.
0:55: The bow of the Titanic is already submerged.
The work at the lifeboat side gradually descended into chaos, and although the virtue of women and children boarding the lifeboat first was observed, many lifeboats were lowered in mid-air. Lifeboat No. 6 carried only 28 people, including Moody Bron and Major Peuchen, and Ismay was ordered to let the crew board first, and Lifeboat No. 5 was released.
However, this cannot be blamed on the crew, the nautical community at the time believed that if the lifeboat was fully loaded, it would cause damage or even capsize.
The Titanic's lifeboat was designed sturdy, but the crew didn't know it. In fact, the lifeboat that could have carried 1,178 people ended up with only 651 people (and some people were rescued from the lifeboat after jumping into the sea).
On the port side of the boat, lifeboats carry women and children. On the starboard side, women are allowed to escape first and men are allowed to board the boat. So, more people were rescued on the starboard side than on the port side.
Gradually spiraling out of control
1:00: The starboard third lifeboat carrying 32 people, including 11 crew members, was released from the Titanic.
1:10: Starboard Lifeboat No. 1 is released, which can carry 40 people, but only 12 people can board it, including Sir Cosmo and Lady Duff Gordon, and seven crew members. The No. 8 lifeboat on the side of the cabin was released with 39 people on board, with the Countess of Rothes at the helm.
1:15: The water level has reached the Titanic's nameplate, and the bow tilted down the water level is even more severe. At this time, the lifeboat finally reached full capacity, and the starboard No. 9 boat was released with a capacity of 56 passengers.
1:20: Water spills back from the working hallway on Deck E and is poured into boiler room 4. The forward cafeteria on the D floor has almost become a diving training ground, and the ship's center of gravity is constantly moving forward slowly. The otherwise peaceful top deck was in chaos, and the passengers finally realized the seriousness of the situation and rushed to the lifeboats. The riots escalated, the crew opened fire to suppress the passengers, and the evacuation efforts began to spiral out of control.
1:25: Cabin side No. 12 carries 40 women and children, and 2 crew members are in command.
1:30: Riots begin on board, and as lifeboat No. 14 on board 60 people is about to be released, the crowd attempts to jump into the boat, only to be stopped by a shot fired into the sky by a fifth-class crew member, Loe, who is on board. Those who remained on the Titanic fell into despair.
1:35: Seawater continues to immerse in the boiler room behind. Women and children of the second and third classes escaped in batches, with more than 50 people on board No. 16 and 64 people on starboard No. 13, and 30 seconds later, 70 people on starboard No. 15 were hurriedly released.
1:40: Most of the lifeboats have left the Titanic to prevent the wreck from wrecking the lifeboats underwater, and the last lifeboat on the starboard side is lowered to the surface, and the bow continues to sink, at which point the bow deck is completely submerged.
The ship's eight-man band, led by band conductor Wallace Hartley, continued to play music for the passengers to calm the people who were destined to die in a few dozen minutes, and they played until the very end.
Faced with the choice between life and death, some people choose to die like a gentleman, and the rich Guggenheim put on a night gown and "died like a gentleman, even if he died."
Mrs. Evans, from Denver, gave up her lifeboat seat to the mother of one child, while Ismay, chairman of White Star Shipping (who vetoed the idea of 48 lifeboats, thinking it would be okay to have less), left his passengers, his crew, his boat, and jumped into foldable lifeboat C (39 passengers) at the last minute.
The good and evil of human nature are laid bare here. As more and more sea water poured into the front of the hull, the stern gradually left the water and lifted high, exposing the Titanic's three huge oars.
1:45: As the situation gets out of hand, Cabin 2 is hastily launched with only 25 people on board (40 people can be accommodated).
1:50: No. 4 on the side of the cabin carried 40 women and children into the water.
2:00: The water is 10 feet below the promenade deck.
2:05: More than 1,500 people remained on the sinking ship, and the crew struggled to maintain order so that women and children passengers could enter the lifeboats, and when the 44 people boarded the foldable lifeboat D and were released, only the last two lifeboats remained on board, and it was too late to send them to the surface according to the normal process.
The bow and foreside of the Titanic have been completely submerged in the water, the first-class area has begun to flood, due to the submersion of part of the superstructure, the area of the ship's water has reached hundreds of square feet, the hatch cover of the No. 4 boiler room has been closed for more than an hour, and the sea water still cannot completely fill the place, the workers inside are still working hard, trying to remove the stagnant water, they don't know: they are more than 10 meters below sea level, all the outlets are blocked by seawater, they are already working in the "submarine".
2:10: Strong water pressure blows open the waterproof plate between boiler rooms 4 and 5, killing many workers instantly. The rate of sinking of the hull was noticeably accelerated.
The Titanic's final moment has arrived. As the bridge was about to be flooded, the captain motioned for the telegraph operators Bride and Philips to leave their posts, and Philip continued to radio messages.
The captain said to the crew, "It'severymanforhimself," and walked to the bridge and locked himself in the captain's quarters to be judged by death. Chief designer Thomas Andrew was seen desperately stepping into the first-class smoking room waiting for death, but Ismay, chairman of the board of directors of White Star Shipping, had already taken advantage of the lack of attention and jumped into a lifeboat to escape.
Many crew members still stuck to their posts, and a large number of passengers ran to the stern of the ship in a panic, and many were trampled to death.
Phillips, who had been at his post, sent a final desperate telegram for help: "Please come to the rescue, the boiler room is flooded, and the sea water has covered the engine."
The ship's band stopped playing, and many passengers and crew jumped into the water. One of the last two lifeboats, a collapsible lifeboat A, capsized and dropped about 24 people into icy water, while Loe, a fifth-class crew member of the other cabin side lifeboat No. 14, saved nearly half of them. Others died in the ocean.
2:13: The ship's center of gravity is completely unbalanced and moves forward, while the stern is tilted upwards and soon completely out of the water. The entire bow foyer was submerged in the water, and was then crushed by the rushing water. The glass dome collapsed, and at the same time, the chimney steel cable tied to the dome broke, and the tension of the No. 1 chimney was unbalanced, and the chimney broke, killing many passengers who fell into the water and struggled.
The bridge was also completely submerged in water. The ship's 29 large boilers left the base one after another, smashing through the watertight walls one after another, further impacting the underlying structure.
2:16: The ship has 7 semi-waterproof cabins flooded, the center of gravity has shifted significantly forward, and the rear half is still floating on the water, maintaining a huge amount of buoyancy, which is why the boat is cocked like the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
The cable holding Chimney No. 2 in place eventually broke due to the tremendous pressure, and then Chimney No. 2, which had already submerged into the sea level, collapsed, sinking into the sea with many passengers who had been stoned to death, and more people were sucked in at the break.
Since the hull was no longer balanced, many passengers slid from the stern of the boat to the water as if they were on a slide. Quite a few people were sucked inside the hull and never came out again.
The dedicated power engineer maintained power in the ship's hold, but was eventually electrocuted, and seawater poured into the central power control room, causing a short circuit. The lights of the whole ship went out instantly, then flashed again for a split second, and finally dimmed forever.
2:17: After the stern is cocked, the hull is subjected to unimaginable pressure, and the steel bar continues to twist and deform, finally reaching its limit. In a series of explosions, the middle of the No. 2 and No. 3 chimneys was blown up, and the remaining two chimneys were also broken.
The main body is divided into two parts, but the bottom trunk is still broken. The bow of the ship sank directly into the water, and the stern temporarily refloated because it was largely unflooded.
2:18: As the ship's hull disintegrates, all of the ship's covids appear to fall downward into the water at the same time.
According to the design concept of the Titanic, the stern waterproofing system can be re-functioned in this situation, blocking the seawater to prevent the stern from continuing to sink, but the waterproof door between the two engine rooms is opened for pumping water, which is beyond the ship's capacity, and the bow of the sinking ship is also constantly pulling the stern, resulting in the stern that has just been poured back into the water to warp again, the first-class smoking room is ignited by the splashed coal, and the previous explosion also ignites the wood and flammable materials at the fracture, and the fire is soaring.
The stern of the ship slowly sank as it burned.
Many witnesses said that the Titanic had been completely broken in two at this time, and the bow side of the ship had been submerged.
At 2:19, the stern of the Titanic sank little by little and slowly became oblique. The final piece of good news for the passengers was that the fire had been extinguished. The huge buoyancy of the stern caused the keel to completely disconnect the only keel connecting the two main bodies.
The bow of the boat goes straight to the bottom of the sea at 40 miles per hour, and thanks to the designer's careful design, the stern is still floating on the water.
At 2:20, although the stern of the ship barely floated, it sank in less than 1 minute due to the seawater filling the bottom, until it completely disappeared into the Atlantic Ocean. The huge whirlpool that was created sucked in a large number of passengers and crew members who had made it to the end, and of course many of the corpses that had long since become stiff.
Although many people surfaced, they eventually died of hypothermia because they could not be rescued in time. Soon after, calm returned to the sea, and a great ocean liner ended its short but dazzling life, with more than 1,500 passengers who failed to board the lifeboat as its funeral objects.
Of the more than 1,500 people, only six were confirmed to have survived.
It took 2 hours and 40 minutes from hitting the iceberg to sinking completely. (The original idea of the chief designer was only 2 hours)
At 3:30 a.m., the Carnard passenger ship Carpathia (also known as the Carpathia) was the first to arrive at the scene of the accident.
At 4 o'clock, the crew of the Carpathia spotted the first lifeboat in the faint light of dawn in the North Atlantic. The rescue continued until 8:30 a.m., when lifeboat No. 12 was tied to the rescue cable.
Of the 2,208 crew members and passengers on the Titanic, only 705 survived. The captain and priest of the Carpathia presided over a memorial service in the large dining room. At around 8:50 a.m., we turned around and headed back to New York.
Upon arrival of the Carpathia in New York Harbor. As you pass by the Statue of Liberty, tens of thousands of people watch from the Batary Coast on Manhattan Island.
At Pier 54, about 30,000 people stood in the rain to silently greet the survivors of the Titanic.
The news of the sinking of the Titanic shocked the entire Western world.
At that time, people were no less shocked than the 9/11 attacks in the United States in this century. Flags were lowered at half-mast in many places on both sides of the Atlantic. King George V of the United Kingdom and President Taft of the United States exchanged messages of condolence. Kaiser Wilhelm II also sent a telegram of condolence.
The Titanic has an overall length of 269.06 meters (882 ft 9 in), a width of 28.19 m (92 ft 6 in), a height of 31.69 m (104 ft) from the keel to the top of the bridge, a draft of 10.5 m (34 ft 7 in), and a waterline to deck height of 18.3 m (60 ft).
With a total registered tonnage of 46,328 tons, a displacement of 52,310 tons, a power of 59,000 horsepower (43M), a speed of 23~24 knots per hour, and a total of 3,547 passengers and crew.
The power plant consisted of two reciprocating four-cylinder, three-expansion inverted steam engines and a Parsons-type low-pressure steam turbine driving three propellers.
The ship's 25 five-ended double-ended and four single-ended boilers were powered by 159 coal furnaces, which allowed the Titanic to reach a maximum speed of 23 knots (43 km/h).
Only the first three of the four chimneys, averaging 19 m (63 ft) high, were used for smoke exhaust, while the remaining one was a foil, with the only practical use being as a chimney for the main kitchen (on the Britannia, the fourth chimney was used as a lifeguard).
The ship is divided into 16 watertight cabins, and the watertight doors connecting each cabin can be closed by electric switches. The Titanic's good waterproofing measures make it unsinkable in the event of water ingress from any of the 4 watertight compartments.
But in reality, the wall does not penetrate the entire deck, only the E deck.
The Titanic, like the other two Olympic-class cruise ships, has 10 decks (excluding the roof of the officers' cabins), of which 8 floors are for passengers, from top to bottom:
The Boat Deck: Located on the top floor, this deck is named after the lifeboats placed on both sides.
The first cabins in front of the deck are the Navigating Bridge and heelhouse, the Captain's quarters, the Captain's sitting room, and the Officers' cabin. quarters), followed by chimney No. 1 and smoke exhaust pipes, followed by the telegraph room and elevator mechanical room, and the amidships are covered by the circular vault of the front grand staircase, chimney No. 2 and smoke exhaust pipes, the gymnasium, the dome of the first class, the chimney No. 3 and the smoke exhaust pipes.
In the aft, there is the dome of the first-class smoking room, the cover of the circular vault of the rear grand staircase, the smoke exhaust room of the duplex engine top passage, the No. 4 chimney, and finally the relatively inconspicuous second-class entrance.
The walkways on both sides of the deck are divided for the crew first-class passengers, the engineers and the second-class passengers.
With the exception of the first-class area, lifeboats are placed on all other trails.
A Deck: Also known as the "Promenade Deck", this level is dedicated to 1st class passengers, with a 1st class cabin in the front, a chimney and exhaust pipe in the middle, followed by a grand staircase at the front, chimney 2 and smoke exhaust pipe, reading & riting room, first class lounge, chimney 3, and the top of the reciprocating engine exhaust room. Chimney No. 4, balcony with ladder palm tree restaurant, 2nd class staircase.
B Deck: Also known as the "Bridge Deck", the foredeck and aft deck are flush with but not connected to this level.
At the front of deck B is the first class cabin, where Mrs. Jasmine Brown is located, followed by the grand staircase at the front, a little further amidship, on the port side and on the port side are two staterooms, each consisting of a living room, two bedrooms with separate toilets, and a bathroom, and at the rear is the first class dining room with the separate Café Parisien on the starboard side and the second class smoke room) with stairs.