The main roads in the city were required to be 8 earls (about 5 meters) wide to allow horse-drawn carriages to pass through, but there was no limit to the width of the side streets.

In the 14th century, the city walls began to be too crowded, so new buildings were built on the banks outside the city walls, and the land between the bridges on the banks became more and more huts, gradually forming long blocks between narrow alleys, which became the characteristic of the old town today.

In the former city centre, large blocks were divided into smaller blocks, forming narrow streets such as Trädgårdsgatan and the historic Kindstugatan (now in decline).

The medieval street is located about 3 meters below today's street. Archaeological excavation of the streets has found that the oldest streets are covered with timber, and the oldest one is located under the lower three layers of timber at the northeast end of the current Xichang Street, which was built between 1250 and 1300 years.

In the late 14th century, the streets began to be paved with stone. Given that archaeologists have found filth containing small amounts of finds on these streets, it is evident that there was a significant improvement in street cleanliness during this period. At that time, garbage and waste were only disposed of in the alleys from specially made fears.

Although some medieval underground woodpipes and cellars have been found, very few sewers have been found in Stockholm, not as sophisticated as the Nordic cities of Visby and Bergen, so the Stockholmers only use sloping alleys to treat their sewage.

Proclamations forbade people to dispose of garbage in the water and limit the number of animals in the walls, but in vain, until the end of the Middle Ages, it was only in vain that there were people cleaning the water pipes twice a week, and prohibiting the installation of toilets in neighborhoods and along main roads.

Public toilets were concentrated in a place called flugmöten in the center of the city, where insects hovering in the air could even obscure the sky until the 19th century.

The existing alleys are very different from the appearance of the old town in the Middle Ages. A series of buildings faced the street, with windows for the sale of goods, waste, uneven floors and wheelbarrows made it difficult to walk, and the air was filled with the smell of dung, food, fish, leather, stoves and spices.

At night (especially in winter) the city is completely dark, with only sporadic fire pickets and torches carried by nocturnal walkers emitting a tiny amount of light. There were also no signposts for outsiders, as none of the streets were named, and the streets were only called "the avenue leading from the outer south gate to the church", and later alleys were named after the famous people who lived on that street.

In fact, many of the descriptions of the places in the city are so vague in historical documents that some streets have been renamed many times, and some even have similar or identical street names, making it impossible for historians to determine the location of the documented places.

Ye Chao is in China, and he has also visited a lot of old towns, and compared with this place, each has its own style and taste......

However, in Stockholm, in addition to the above, there is another negative effect that is also well-known - that is, Stockholm syndrome.

Stockholm syndrome, also known as Stockholm syndrome or hostage complex or hostage syndrome, refers to a complex in which the victim of a crime develops feelings for the offender and even helps the offender in turn.

This emotion causes the victim to have a favorable impression of the perpetrator, a sense of dependence, and even assistance to the perpetrator.

Hostages can create a sense of psychological dependence on the hijacker.

Their lives and deaths are in the hands of their hijackers, and they are grateful that the hijackers let them live. They share the fate of their hijackers, regard the future of their hijackers as their own, and regard the safety of their hijackers as their own safety.

As a result, they adopted a "we are against them" attitude and treated the rescuers as enemies.

According to the research of psychologists, people who are emotionally dependent on others and are easily touched are prone to Stockholm syndrome if they encounter a similar situation, and Stockholm syndrome usually has the following characteristics:

1. The hostage must have a genuine sense that the kidnapper (perpetrator) threatens his or her survival.

2. During the hostage, the hostage must recognize the actions of the kidnappers (perpetrators) who may be showing a small favor.

3. The hostage must be isolated from all other views except the single view of the kidnappers (usually without access to outside information).

4. The hostages must believe that it is impossible to escape.

Under these four conditions, people develop Stockholm syndrome.

Stockholm syndrome usually goes through the following four major stages:

1. Fear: Sudden coercion and intimidation that leads to a change in the status quo.

2. Fear: In an uneasy environment, both body and mind are threatened.

3. Sympathy: Getting along with the hostage for a long time and realizing that the other party has no choice but to behave and has not been "directly" harmed.

4. Help: Giving the captor invisible help such as cooperating, not escaping, pacifying, etc., or tangible help such as helping to escape, interceding with the judge, fleeing together, etc.

Treatment: The best treatment for Stockholm syndrome should be psychotherapy. Treatment in Stockholm begins with helping victims to understand themselves and develop their personal potential.

Help victims develop a positive mindset and not easily succumb to reality. Understand the perpetrator's weakness and wait for the opportunity to launch a self-defensive counterattack. Establish a system to restrict perpetrators from doing evil.

On August 23, 1973, two ex-convicts, Jan Erik Olsson and Clark Olofsson, held four bank employees hostage after an attempt to rob the largest bank in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, and ended in a 130-hour standoff between the police and the gangsters.

Yet months after the incident, the four abducted bank clerks still showed pity for their captors, refused to charge them in court, and even raised funds for their legal defense, all of them showed that they did not hate the gangsters, expressed their gratitude for their care instead of harming them, and were hostile to the police.

What's more, one of the hostages, Christian, is a female employee who falls in love with the robber Olofsson and is engaged to him while serving his sentence. The two robbers took hostages for six days, during which time they threatened the lives of their captives, but at times showed mercy.

In an unexpected psychological twist, the four hostages resist the government's eventual efforts to rescue them.

This has inspired social scientists to understand whether the emotional union between the abductor and the abductee is an exception to the Stockholm bank robbery, or whether the emotional union represents a general psychological response.

Later research showed that the incident, which researchers called "Stockholm syndrome," was surprisingly widespread.

Researchers have found that examples of this syndrome can be found in a variety of experiences, from concentration camp inmates, prisoners of war, battered women, and victims of ** to experience Stockholm syndrome.

Experts dig deeper: There is a fragile bottom line to the fear that human performance can bear. When a person encounters a ferocious killer, the killer is unreasonable and wants to take his life at any time, and the hostage will gradually entrust the right to life to the murderer.

After a long time, the hostage ate a mouthful of food and drank a sip of water, and with every breath, he himself felt that it was the terrorists' forbearance and mercy towards him.

For the thug who kidnapped him, his fear will first be transformed into gratitude to him, then into a kind of worship, and finally the hostage will subconsciously think that the safety of the murderer is his own safety.

This weakness to succumb to tyranny is called "Stockholm Psychotic Syndrome."

As for the explanation of evolutionary psychology, psychoanalytic view that the newborn baby will form an emotional attachment to the nearest powerful adult in order to maximize the likelihood that the surrounding adult will at least survive (or become an ideal parent), this syndrome may develop from this.

Stockholm syndrome is an important example of role-identity defense mechanisms. People can be domesticated – Stockholm syndrome.