Chapter 56: Imagined Controlled Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear fusion is not the same as nuclear fission. The energy produced by nuclear fusion is much higher than that of nuclear fission. The sun is subjected to a continuous process of hydrogen fusion into helium, and its light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion.
Compared with nuclear fission, nuclear fusion has almost no environmental problems such as radioactive contamination, and its raw material can be taken directly from deuterium in seawater, which is an almost inexhaustible source, making it an ideal way to generate energy. Humans have been able to achieve uncontrolled nuclear fusion such as hydrogen. The explosion of the bullet. However, in order for energy to be effectively used by humans, it is necessary to be able to reasonably control the speed and scale of nuclear fusion to achieve continuous and stable energy output.
The fuel used for nuclear fusion energy is deuterium, which is stored in large quantities in seawater. There is about one deuterium atom in every 6,500 hydrogen atoms in seawater, and the total amount of deuterium in seawater is about 45 trillion tons. The fusion energy released by the complete fusion of deuterium contained in each liter of seawater is equivalent to the energy of 300 liters of gasoline fuel. Based on the energy consumed by the world, the fusion energy of deuterium in seawater can be used for tens of billions of years.
Tritium can also be manufactured from lithium, which has two main isotopes, lithium-6 and lithium-7. After absorbing a thermal neutron, lithium-6 can turn into tritium and release energy. Lithium-7 needs to absorb fast neutrons to turn into tritium. Although the reserves of lithium on Earth are much smaller than deuterium, there are more than 200 billion tons. Therefore, nuclear fusion energy is an inexhaustible new energy source.
However, at present, there is no scientific research institution or country on the earth that can perfectly control nuclear fusion and make the energy output stable.
And the problem that plagues geoscientists is the material!
Everyone knows that nuclear fusion is an inexhaustible new energy source, but if you want to use nuclear fusion, you lack powerful materials.
Nuclear fusion can be used in weapons, that is, to produce hydrogen. Play.
But if you want to use it in the national economy and people's livelihood, you must have a container made of materials that can restrain nuclear fusion!
Controlled nuclear fusion is the most cutting-edge scientific and technological field in the contemporary world, and due to its extremely demanding technical requirements, it is still in the early stage of pre-research, and there is a saying in the academic community that "nuclear fusion is always 25 years away from success".
At present, the largest research effort in the world is magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, and the tokamak device is considered to be the most promising structure for a breakthrough in the future. The anti-field pinch magnetic confinement fusion device developed on the basis of the tokamak is the latest achievement in this field, and the "National Spherical Ring Solid YĆ n" device put into use in 1999 is the world's first such device.
According to the Huaxia University of Science and Technology News Network, China's "University of Science and Technology One Ring" device has entered the final stage of overall installation and commissioning. This achievement may not change the status quo of "controlled nuclear fusion is still 25 years away", but it means that the gap between China and the world's leading countries in this field has narrowed. In the field of controlled nuclear fusion, Huaxia and Mi are currently the two countries with the largest investment in the world, according to public reports, there are 16 large-scale nuclear fusion devices known in Huaxia, second only to Mi with 28, and the third place is 5 in North Russia.
Controlled nuclear fusion is commonly known as artificial sun, because the principle of the sun is nuclear fusion reactions. (Nuclear fusion reactions rely primarily on hydrogen isotopes.) Nuclear fusion does not produce the long-term and high-level nuclear radiation that occurs in nuclear fission, does not produce nuclear waste, and certainly does not produce greenhouse gases, and basically does not pollute the environment.
At present, the biggest achievement is that the Skunk Works, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin, has made an astonishing breakthrough in nuclear fusion reactors.
Lockheed Martin's mysterious Skunk Works, which designed the U-2 spy plane and the F-117 stealth fighter, is now making a stunning breakthrough in a nuclear fusion reactor.
Lockheed announced that it has made key progress in the development of fusion energy technology, with the first reactor being reduced to fit in a truck, and the technology will be operational within 10 years.
"Our compact fusion design concept, which combines several alternative magnetic confinement methods, takes the best of each of them, and reduces the volume of the previous design by 90 percent," said the leader of the compact fusion team, who made the project public at this time in hopes of gaining support from the government and potential partners.
For example, he said, Lockheed's 100-megawatt reactor is only 3.05 meters and 2.13 meters in size, has enough energy to light up 80,000 homes, consumes less than 20 kilograms of fuel in a year, and produces "orders of magnitude less" waste than the dust and sludge emitted by coal-fired power plants.
It is with the energy of the fusion reaction that the sun can permanently release a large amount of light and heat. Nuclear fusion is more efficient than the fission technology used by any current commercial nuclear power plant, and there is no Fukushima-style risk of collapse.
Lockheed has been working on nuclear fusion technology for 60 years, noting in its statement that the technology is lighter and easier to use than its competitors' design concepts.
Lockheed says the advent of small fusion reactors will provide utilities with a new source of cheap energy to replace coal and natural gas; It can also reduce the cost of desalination in water-scarce areas.
Unlike large nuclear fission power plants, fusion reactors derive energy from non-radioactive helium, so they do not produce tons of nuclear waste. Typically, radioactive contamination of nuclear waste lasts for thousands of years.
As the Pentagon's largest supplier, in order to make up for the decline in military spending in the United States and the European Union, Lockheed has stepped up its participation in alternative energy project research in recent years, including several marine energy projects.
Some of the submarines and aircraft carriers of the US military are also nuclear-powered, but the shipboard reactors must be renewed within a fixed period. If Lockheed's new technology proves viable, it will provide an "infinitely powerful" source of power for ships and large aircraft.
"It's no wonder that in today's scientific community, materials science is so important, and no matter how perfect the theory is, without the support of material science, it is like a hanging garden. As long as high-performance materials are used to make instruments, we can promote the better and faster development of science. ā
Du Yu sighed.
And Du Yu can only watch that this super battleship cannot be used, the materials used in this super battleship are from a second-level civilization, which can withstand nuclear fusion, but it cannot be cut.
Super Super is self-contained, as long as there is an energy block, start the super battleship, then you can build a production line.
Back at the Huanyu Building, all Du Yu thought about was a controllable nuclear fusion unit.
However, it is difficult for a good woman to cook without rice, even if there is Cangnan, there are no materials, Du Yu can only look at the ocean and sigh.
However, at this time, the intelligent operating system of Huanyu mobile phone gave Du Yu a surprise.
More than 30 million downloads and 25 million registrations.
The sudden surge in the number of downloads and registrations made Du Yu a little excited.
But at this moment, the acting manager of the public relations department called into the president's office.
"Mr. Du, no, there are a lot of remarks on the Internet that smear the smart operating system of Huanyu mobile phones. It is said that the intelligent operating system of Huanyu mobile phone plagiarized the customized systems of major mobile phone manufacturers, and this matter has also attracted the attention of the three giants of Google, Microsoft and Apple. The situation is very unfavorable for us, and a large number of cyber trolls are participating in the war. ā
Hearing this, Du Yu immediately clicked on the major portals.
Sure enough, the major portals have made special reports on the Huanyu mobile phone smart operating system, and the official post bar of Huanyu Group on Qiandu, Huanyu Group has been exploded.
Not only that, but under the public scarf of Huanyu Group, there are also a large number of comments that are unfavorable to Huanyu Group.
In addition, Huanyu Group's public authority signal has also received a large number of messages abusive to Huanyu Group.
"Don't worry, if you dare to smear our Huanyu Group, no matter who is behind the scenes, you will make him pay a heavy price."
Du Yu said coldly.
"Mr. Du, do you want the network security engineers from the technical department to join the war?" The manager of the public relations department proposed to build yƬ road.
"I know that you immediately contact the media to promote our position. As for the smoke of the Internet, ignore it. ā
After hanging up the phone, Du Yu turned on the computer in front of him!
"Master, as you expected, at this time, the Shangdu Branch of the Ministry of State Security is monitoring." Cang Nan's heavenly voice sounded.
"They know my strength, but they are also afraid that I will do crazy things regardless of my intentions. At that point, the entire online world will tremble. Du Yu muttered to himself softly.
"Master, we are ready, connect the three Tianhe-9 supercomputers, the defense system is turned on, the official website of Huanyu Group is closely protected, and the major websites of the group are all turned on security defense." Cang Nan said excitedly.
"Immediately start tracking down the IP address of the Internet trolls, and attack the happiest Internet trolls who jump the most, I want to make them regret this life!"
Of course, this is also Du Yu's capriciousness with powerful computing resources, if there are no three Tianhe-9 supercomputers, then Du Yu can only use quantum supercomputers to directly find the culprit behind the scenes and coerce the other party to comply!
But now, the three Tianhe-9 supercomputers, which have a bright and bright future, must not be shelved.
And Du Yu also wants to make a name for himself as a high-tech company, reputation is profit.
Only with a strong reputation will consumers trust.
In this way, consumers will buy all kinds of high-tech products when they are launched in the future.
For some specially hired network water armies, Du Yu is disgusted.
Some cyber trolls sometimes tamper with the truth of the matter in order to achieve ulterior motives.
And also make up some false things, making things out of nothing.
The Tianhe-9 supercomputer was mobilized by Cangnan, and this huge computing resource poured into the online world, setting off a monstrous wave in an instant.
You must know that the Tianhe-9 supercomputer is currently the most top-level supercomputer in China except for Pangu Zhi Brain!