Ancient Chinese Mythological Figures: Pangu Related Literature

A god who opened the world during the period of ancient Chinese legends. Pen Fun Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 infoPangu was first seen in the "Three Five Calendars" written by Xu Cheng during the Three Kingdoms. Subsequently, the "Narrative of Differences" written by Liang Renfang said that Pangu's body was transformed into all things in heaven and earth. Similar records can be found in the Chronicles of the Five Fortunes (written by Yun Yixu in an unknown date or by Yun Yixu) and the Xuanzhong Ji in the Ancient Novel Hook and Shen series.

Legend has it that before the opening of heaven and earth, the universe was like a big egg. There was a giant named Pangu who had been sleeping soundly in this big egg for about 18,000 years and then woke up and found a cloud of darkness around him, Pangu opened his huge palm and slashed towards the darkness, with a loud bang, the big egg shattered, and the chaos and darkness of thousands of years were stirred, and the light and clear things in it slowly rose and gradually dispersed, turning into a blue sky, and those heavy and turbid things slowly descended and became the ground under their feet. Pangu was very happy to stand between heaven and earth. Pangu was very afraid that the heavens and the earth would become what they were before when they were closed again, so he supported the blue sky with his hands and stepped on the earth with his feet, so that his body grew taller every day, and the heavens and the earth also increased every day with his body. In this way, another 18,000 years passed, the sky became higher and higher, the earth became thicker and thicker, and Pangu's body grew 90,000 miles long.

Pangu finally opened up the heavens and the earth with his divine power. But Pangu was also tired to death, and before Pangu died, the breath from his mouth became the spring breeze and the clouds in the sky, the sound became the thunder of the sky, his left eye became the sun, his right eye became the moon, his hair and beard became the stars in the night sky, his body became the four poles of the east, west, north and south, and the majestic mountains and five mountains, his blood became rivers, his muscles became roads, his muscles became farmland, his teeth, bones and bone marrow became underground deposits, his skin and hair became the grass and trees on the earth, and his sweat became rain and dew. Legend has it that Pangu's spirit also became a human after his death. Therefore, it is said that human beings are the spirits of all things in the world.

Pangu Mountain is located in the south of Miyang County, Henan Province. Legend has it that this mountain is the place where Pangu opened the world to reproduce and human beings created all things. The mountains are majestic and towering into the clouds. The mountains and rocks stand side by side, the forests are lush, the ancient temples are quiet, the scenery is pleasant, the milky white clouds float among the mountains, and the layers of tulle are covered with distant myths and legends. It is also famous for the Pangu Temple and the Pangu Temple Fair. Within 31.5 square kilometers around the mountain, there are also many cultural and historical landscapes related to Pangu, and there are many spiritual relics since ancient times. In order to carry forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation

Heaven and earth are chaotic like chickens, and Pangu is born in them. 18,000 years old, heaven and earth are opened, yang is clear for the sky, and yin is turbidity for the earth. Pangu is in it, nine changes a day, God is in the sky, and the earth is holy. The sky is one zhang high, the earth is one zhang thick, and Pangu is one zhang long, so eight thousand years old. The number of days is extremely high, the number of places is extremely deep, and Pangu is extremely long. There are three emperors in the future. The number starts from one, stands in three, becomes five, flourishes in seven, and is in nine, so the heavens go to the earth for 90,000 miles.

"Art and Literature Gathering" volume ---- quoted in "Five Fortune Calendar Chronicles"

The weather is Menghong, the sprout is the beginning, then the heaven and the earth are divided, the world is established, the yin is felt and the yang is aroused, the distribution of vitality, is the pregnancy and neutralization, and it is for people. The first born Pangu, the embodiment of the dying, the air is the wind and clouds, the sound is thunder, the left eye is the sun, the right eye is the moon, the limbs and five bodies are the four poles and five mountains, the blood is the rivers, the tendons and veins are the ground, the muscles are the soil, the hair is the stars, the fur is the grass and trees, the teeth and bones are the gold and stone, the essence is the pearl and jade, the sweat is the rain, and the insects of the body are touched by the wind and turned into the li.

The volume of "Interpretation of History" ---- quotes "The Chronicles of the Five Movements"

The king of Pangu, the head of the dragon and the body of the snake, shh After death, the bone joints are mountains and forests, the body is rivers and seas, the blood is Huai, and the hair is grass and trees.

"Guang Bo Monograph" Volume 9 "Five Fortune Calendar Chronicles"

The death of the Xipangu clan is also, the head is the four mountains, the eyes are the sun and the moon, the fat is the river and the sea, and the hair is grass and trees. As the saying goes, the head of the Pangu clan is Dongyue, the abdomen is Zhongyue, the left arm is Nanyue, the right arm is Beiyue, and the foot is Xiyue. Confucianism said: Pangu's weeping is the river, the air is the wind, and the pupils are electricity. The ancient saying: Pangu's joy is the eye, and anger is the yin. Wu Chujian said: Pangu husband and wife, the beginning of yin and yang. There is a tomb of Pangu in the South China Sea today, which is 300 miles long, and the descendants of the vulgar cloud are also buried with the soul of Pangu. There is Pangu Temple in Guilin, and there is Pangu in the South China Sea, and people today take Pangu as their surname. Pangu clan, the ancestor of all things in heaven and earth, and living things began in Pangu

The Book of Strange Narratives

Yuan, Ben also. The beginning, the beginning, the innate qi. This gas is transformed into the person who opened up the world, that is, Pangu, and into the ancestor who presides over the heavenly realm, that is, the beginning.

Excerpt from the first volume of the "Calendar of Immortals".

As soon as Pangu stretched out, the sky rose and the earth fell. And the heavens and the earth are more connected, who hold the chisel in their left hand and the axe in their right, or chop it with an axe, or cut it with a chisel. It is a divine power, and over time, heaven and earth are divided. The two qi rise and fall, the clear one is the sky, and the turbid one is the earth, which is chaotic.

Mingren travels around "Pioneering Derivation"

Heaven and earth are closed like a big watermelon, which is reunited, encompassing all things, counting 10,800 years, and all things are dissolved in it. There are five kinds of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth mixed in it, the hard ones are like melon seeds, and the soft ones are like melon pulps, and there are five colors of green, yellow, red, white, and black inside, which also dissolve into them. It has been closed for a long time, if it cannot be opened, but it has a Pangu clan, holding a chisel in the left hand and an axe in the right hand, which is similar to cutting a melon, and is divided into two halves. The upper half gradually rises to the sky, containing blue, yellow, red, white and black, which is the five-colored auspicious clouds, and the lower half gradually descends to the earth, and also contains green, yellow, red, white and black, which is the five-color stone mud. If you don't believe it, there are stars down today, and if people dig and look at it, they are all the same as the stones in the ground. However, there are springs in the world, and the spring water has no place, flowing to the world, and pouring into the sea.

Appendix to "Interpretation of Exploration" "The Judgment of the Immortal World"

The great sage was born by heaven and man. It is called the Hun Dun clan, that is, the Pangu clan, and the first emperor's clan. The dragon's head is human, the gods are nine changes in one day, 18,000 years old is a Jiazi, and Jinghu South takes October 16 as its birthday. There is the first land emperor, the first person emperor.

"Ancient and Modern Books Collection: The Classics of the Years" Volume 83 quotes "Supplementation and Expansion")

The so-called Pangu clan, the gods, nine changes in one day, the beginning of the Gai Yuan mix, the master of Tao Rong creation. "Liutao Daming" cloud: Zhao Gong said to King Wen: "The way of heaven is pure, the earth is moral, and the personnel are peaceful." Don't forget the precepts, those who forget are ominous, the Pangu Sect cannot be moved, and those who move will be fierce. 'There is Pangu Mountain in Huichang in Jiangxi today, and this plate is named. Its Xiangxiang Township has Pangu Bao, and the pheasant has Pangu Temple, which is also said to be solid. According to the "Geography Kunjian" cloud: the dragon's head is human. Now Chengdu Huai'an Jingzhao has temples. The matter is Xu Quan's "Three or Five Calendars" and "Dan Hu Ji". To the Tang Dynasty Yuan Tiangang deduced the "True Source Fu", it is said that the beginning of the world should be the world, and 18,000 years is a Jiazi. The north and south of Jinghu today take October 16 as the birthday of Pangu, in order to wait for the darkness of the moon and the appropriateness of the manifestation of the clouds. "Yuanfeng Nine Domains": There is a Pangu mound temple in Guangling, and the dead are also fake. The temple of Chengdu has the eyes of Pangu Saburo, the delusion of vulgarity.

"Road History: Pre-Chronicle I" Luo Ping's note

In the past, the two qi were not divided, the moth was Hongmeng, it was not formed, the heaven and the earth were at the end of the sun and the moon, like a chicken, chaotic Xuanhuang, there were Pangu real people, the essence of heaven and earth, since the name of the first heavenly king, swimming in it. After the four tribulations, the sky is shaped like a giant cover, there is nothing to tie up, there is nothing to rely on, outside the heaven and earth, the vast view is unprovoked, the Xuanxuan space, there is no sound and no sound, the vitality is vast, like the shape of water, there are no mountains below, there are no stars on it, and the heaven and earth float in it, and there is no way to spread it. Without this qi, heaven and earth would not be born. The heavenly one, such as the dragon swirling back into the clouds, re-entering the four tribulations, two, 36,000 miles apart, the cliff stone bleeds into water, the aquatic insect, the protozoa gives birth to the shore, the rigid beard gives birth to the dragon. The first king of heaven is above the center of the sky, the name is called Yujing Mountain, the palace in the mountain and the gold and jade ornaments, often suck the weather, drink the spring of the ground, re-enter the two tribulations, suddenly give birth to the Taiyuan jade girl, in the stone stream of blood, out and can speak, the human shape is sufficient, the heavenly posture is wonderful, when the question of the thick land, the weather is sucked up, the name is called the Taiyuan Virgin, the Yuan Shijun sees it downstream, it is to be with the ventilation of the essence, and return to the palace. At this time, the two qi are tight, the breath is covered, the yin and yang are harmonized, there is no heat and no cold, the sky is clear, the earth is peaceful, and the breath is no longer breathing, and the Xuan Qi will be naturally full. The prosperity of the avenue is nothing more than this, the accumulation is strong, and it is immortal. Those who are golden and jade beads are also the essence of heaven and earth. The ability to serve is complete with heaven and earth.

Legend has it that before Pangu opened the heavens, there was chaos, the heavens were chaotic, and everything was still in chaos! Pangu wanted to open the heavens, what should he do? What if you don't have a successor? I want to pass on my skills and character to my descendants. After he transformed his body into all the things of heaven and earth, all that was left was his eyes and hair. After his eyes turned into the sun, moon and stars, he hid his tears, as well as his two hairs, and waited for an unknown number of years, there were hundreds of billions of billions. year, when Shaodian, the monarch of the bear country, passed by a small hill, he accidentally touched Pangu's tears. The sky is long and rainbow runs through the sun, the weather is thousands, auspicious and peaceful, the first nation to exist is the Fuxi family, so Fuxi is called the ancestor of the human race, which means the ancestor of mankind, the ancestor of the human race After a number of years, one of the ethnic Shaodian had children. This child was Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, who replaced Emperor Yan and unified the Chinese nation. Become China's most famous monarch, the Yellow Emperor.

The myth of Pangu was first widely spread among the ethnic minorities in southern China. Miao, Yao has always admired Pangu and regarded Pangu as his ancestor. Zhuang, Dong and other ethnic groups also spread Pangu, and regarded Pangu as the ancestor of mankind who opened the world. Today, there are more than 300 miles of Pangu in the South China Sea, and the descendants of the vulgar cloud are also buried with the soul of the Pangu clan. There is a Pangu temple in Guilin, and people worship 1 today. Far away in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties era, in the area of Hainan where the ancestors of the Zhuang nationality lived, there was a cemetery for the soul of the Pangu clan; In particular, Guilin, which was the place where the Zhuang people lived at that time, competed for the temple of the Pangu clan. People are blessed for it. It can be seen that Pangu is also a very revered image in the minds of the ancient Zhuang people. There is a myth to the effect that at first, the heavens and the earth were chaotic like a big egg Pangu lived in the middle, and then the big egg burst, so the heaven and the earth were formed. The sun, moon, rivers, wind and clouds, grass and trees, etc., are formed by the differentiation of Pangu's body after his death: qi, wind, clouds, and sound are thunder, the left eye is the eye, the right eye is the moon, the limbs and five bodies are the four poles and five prisons, the blood is the river, the tendons and veins are the earth, the muscles are the fields, the mustache is the stars, the fur is the grass and trees, the teeth and bones are gold and stone, the essence is the pearl and jade, the sweat is the rain, and the insects of the body are touched by the wind and turned into the Li Fly 2. This statement is also recorded in ancient literature. As in the past, the death of the Pangu clan also. , the head is the four mountains, the eyes are the sun and the moon, the fat is the rivers and the sea, and the hair is grass and trees3. In the area of western Guangxi, there are still such Pangu groundbreaking songs in the folk today:

Pangu opens the world,

hillside river,

Draw a continent to live in,

Make the sea to store water.

Pangu opens the world,

divided into mountainous plains,

Open up three forks in the road,

There are roads everywhere.

Pangu opens the world,

Make the sun, moon and stars,

Because there is Pangu,

Talent gets the light4.

The Pangu in this song has been deified and has superhuman magical powers, opening up the world for humanity and bringing light. From the records of ancient books and oral transmission, we can see the traces of the evolution of the ancient myths of the Zhuang people in the world.

Note: 1 Liang Renfang: "Narrative of Differences". 2 Xu Quan: "Five Fortune Calendar Chronicles" and "Jiang History" Volume 1. 3 Liang Renfang: "Narrative of Differences". 4 Seven Dynasties Rong Singing, Liao Yuantian Nongdanu Record: Collected by the Zhuang Literary History Investigation Group.

Pangu Axe

Legend has it that at the beginning of the chaos of heaven and earth, Pangu woke up from sleep, saw that the sky and the earth were dark, and then took a huge axe to split the sky and the earth, and since then there has been a human world. One of the legendary Ten Great Artifacts of Antiquity.

Pangea

A continent is a large area of land that was formed between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras. The name was proposed by Alfred Wegener, a German geologist who proposed the theory of continental drift.

There are seven continents on Earth today, 650 million years ago