Chapter 30: Beidou's flaws

Saturday, May 17, 2008. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

In a few hours, after midnight it will be Sunday.

The golden XX hour has passed, but the search and cleaning of the rubble is still going on - after all, this disaster gave birth to the miracle of life such as "Pig Strong", a pig was buried for 42 days without eating or drinking.

Although people do not have the same strong vitality as pigs, they have more reserves of fat and water, and can always gain some comparative advantage in these extreme situations.

As long as they stay quiet and are buried, they can sleep peacefully and reduce consumption.

There are indeed cases of fat people who have been buried for two weeks and weighed thirty or fifty pounds when they are dug up, but are still alive.

So the rescue can't be stopped.

It's just that a big guy like Gu Cheng doesn't need to visit the front line again.

stayed in Shu for five or six days, and CCTV's donation party also made people donate 500 million yuan, ensuring that it was more than twice as much as Qianzhou Moutai.

There has been a lot of trouble on the Internet for a long time, and Lei Jun has fought countless verbal battles with Apple and even Apple's supporters and partners. Gu Cheng has not expressed his position, but is ready to wait for the situation to be clear and "the bullets will fly for a while" before speaking.

The EC-135 helicopter quietly rose into the air in the night and flew east. In the cabin, there were only Gu Cheng and Li Yunxin - Pan Jieying had a lot of public relations and corporate image details to deal with, and she had already returned to the company two days early.

Li Yunxin looked a little gray-faced, her appearance was no longer as delicate as before, and under the dim cabin lights, her complexion looked a hint of rustic redness and a slight dullness of wheat.

It's a dry red, not a rosy.

However, her temperament has never been so down-to-earth. For a few days, she followed Gu Cheng around to investigate, asking questions when she didn't understand, and she had been exposed to more of the world than she had been exposed to in three years as a graduate student at the "Staten School of Art" in the ivory tower, and she had learned more about mobile phones, navigation, and wireless communication than her secretary had given her books for several months.

In the first 27 years of her life combined, she had never seen so many poor people, births, old age, sickness and death.

"I've been to Seongju, Jeju and Pyeongchang, and I've seen how farmers live. But I didn't expect that there would be such a poor place on earth struggling for survival, and it was still precarious. Looking at the dark night outside the window, Li Yunxin sighed thoughtlessly.

Of course, Gu Cheng knew what the "countryside" mentioned in Li Yunxin's mouth was, and he couldn't help but feel that the other party was ridiculously cute: "Have you also been to the countryside?

Li Yunxin shyly laughed at herself: "Now that I think about it, I wanted to die and want to commit suicide in order to have the freedom of no true love, and I really didn't know the suffering of the world - sometimes it was just because I was too rich in material things that I felt that life had no other meaning." Anyway, I want to thank you for showing me that there is still a lot to do. You are a good person, and a very real person, who does not hide his arrogance in the slightest. ”

"Okay, I'm tired, stop talking this nonsense that flatters each other. If it's okay, I'll take a break. Gu Cheng was afraid that the other party would be entangled with him again, so he hurriedly stopped these topics.

His performance in the past few days is actually quite arrogant.

Many of his subordinates thought that he would take the opportunity to fall into trouble with Apple, but Gu Cheng did not rush to fan the flames.

All public opinion on the Internet is spontaneously formed by netizens, and Gu Cheng didn't even let YY Tieba put those posts spraying Apple at the top, everything was done officially.

This kind of behavior makes people feel like "isn't it Jobs, it's okay to overturn him in a dignified manner, and you still need to say sour things to frame him?"

Just like Gu Cheng's Western Crazy Yang Guo, in the face of the Golden Wheel Dharma King in his heyday, he obviously had the opportunity to sneak attack when the Golden Wheel Dharma King was injured internally, but he proudly felt: Just because you are the Golden Wheel Dharma King, you are also worthy of my sneak attack?

This kind of true temperament is something that Li Yunxin has never seen in other Dongyi entrepreneurs who are good at "Gong Dou".

Her brother Li Zairong holds a chaebol with a scale of more than 200 billion US dollars, and he still does not have the domineering and frankness of "the future is in my hands, and the way of heaven is also in my hands, what do I have to be afraid of".

What Lee Yun-hin hated most in her life was hypocrisy and pretentiousness. A good man in her eyes can be greedy for money and power, but he must say it frankly and honestly, and he must not hide it.

Otherwise, she wouldn't have hanged herself with a wire because her father prevented her from falling in love with a racer who told her, "I know you're rich, but I'm approaching you to pursue you."

"It's a pity that he already has a girlfriend. And he attaches so much importance to poor friends, but I didn't treat him well before he was young, what qualifications do I have to think about this...... Never mind. Li Yunxin's heart was chaotic, and she was ashamed of herself.

Thinking that when she first met Gu Cheng, she arrogantly regarded Gu Cheng and Pan Jieying as frivolous children who tried to get close to her by acting as a double reed, and humiliated each other, Li Yunxin was a little ashamed.

The helicopter is spacious, with two rows of seats and a rear cabin that can seat six people. Gu Cheng was a little tired, so he occupied a row and lay down alone, and gradually fell asleep.

Li Yunxin knew that after the helicopter landed in Qiantang, she would have to transfer back to Seoul -- her inspection should have ended a week ago, and it was just an excuse to linger for a few more days.

She wanted to talk to Gu Cheng for a while, and knew that the other party didn't want to be embarrassed. Li Yunxin bit her lip for a while, forcibly pretended to be a studious student, and asked a question that would not be embarrassing.

"Don't sleep, I still have something I want to ask you, business. ”

Gu Cheng really didn't fall asleep, sat up straight, and took a sip of lemon tea: "Say it." ”

Li Yunxin organized the wording for a long time before she asked in an orderly manner: "I have seen so much with you in the past few days, and I roughly understand the advantages of the Beidou navigation system compared with GPS." What I want to ask is: is Beidou really flawless compared to GPS? So if we also use Beidou navigation chip to locate mobile phones in Dongyi, can it be technically realized?

And there is a technical detail that I have always thought is incredible, the last time the Beidou engineer said that GPS initially needed 24 satellites and 6 orbital planes to achieve global positioning, and later increased to a total of 27 satellites in order to add other functions. I heard that the Beidou system has only 8 stars at present, which is much worse than the 35 stars planned for the full body. How can it be positioned so accurately? Isn't the remaining 20 or so hair the same as not?"

In the past few days, Li Yunxin has heard enough about the difference between Beidou and GPS, but mainly in terms of function.

In particular, "GPS and mobile phone navigation chip is one-way communication, GPS transmits the signal to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone calculates the local location after receiving it, but does not feed back to the satellite" and "Beidou and the mobile phone navigation chip is two-way communication, and the mobile phone calculates the position of the local machine and sends it back to the satellite".

However, what kind of technical principle is used to achieve this function, no one has been talking about it in front of Li Yunxin in the past few days, and everyone is busy, so she didn't ask.

Now that she was idle on the way back, she thought.

And when she asked at this moment, it was obviously a little selfish in her heart, hoping to promote more cooperation between Gu Cheng and Samsung, so that Gu Cheng could accept her feelings.

Gu Cheng's social experience is much richer than Li Yunxin's, and he is naturally clear about the other party's motives.

"Of course, it is impossible for Beidou to use seven or eight satellites to achieve the function of GPS with 24 satellites. You also said that the complete body of the Beidou system needs 35 stars, which is much more than GPS.

To explain this, I need to give you a literacy of the satellite layout logic of the two systems: the first 24 satellites of GPS are divided into 6 orbital planes, the angle between adjacent orbital planes is about 60°, and 4 satellites are evenly distributed on each orbital plane.

In this way, each orbital plane can ensure that about two-thirds of the Earth's area can be searched overhead at any given moment for a satellite within that orbital plane. Together, the six orbital planes can achieve four satellites overhead at any point on the earth at any time -- and at this time, the positioning is achieved.

Beidou has one more two-way transceiver function than GPS, so it needs more satellites that can be searched at each point on the earth at every moment, roughly according to 8 orbital planes, 4 stars per orbital plane, so that it is 32 stars.

Speaking of which, you may have noticed that there are a total of 35 stars in the Beidou system, so what are these 3 stars? That is, the 3 that we launched in advance in 06. Those three are located in an 'approximally synchronous orbit' at an altitude of about 20,000 kilometres, rather than in a relatively near-Earth orbit like the other 32.

Those who have studied junior high school physics class know that the orbit of more than 35,000 kilometers above the earth's equator is called 'geosynchronous orbit', because the satellite at that position orbits the earth for exactly 24 hours, which is completely consistent with the earth's rotation, so the satellite at that altitude is stationary relative to a certain point at the equator on the ground.

In fact, in addition to the absolutely stationary 'geosynchronous orbit', there are also 'near-synchronous orbits' at lower levels, and the satellites in these orbits are not absolutely stationary relative to the ground, but they can ensure that 'the longitude relative to the Earth always fluctuates within a small range, and the zigzag trajectory is drawn in the latitudinal direction' -- roughly like the trajectory of a bee dancing in a hive and telling the colony where there is nectar.

The first three near-synchronous orbital satellites launched by the Beidou system were at longitudes of about 105° and 120° and 135° east longitude respectively - so this design was actually an expedient measure to ensure that 'we don't have to wait for all 32 satellites to be launched before this navigation system can be officially commercialized'.

With the addition of these three satellites, the three satellites can always be spotted overhead at low latitudes from 105° to 135°E, which is from the 7th to 9th time zone East. As long as one of the remaining 8 latitude orbital planes is fully launched, ensuring that any satellite on that orbital plane is searched by the ground at any time, it can already constitute positioning.

In other words, after the next 35 satellites are launched, only the last 32 must be retained. And the first 3 completed the historical mission, were abandoned and wasted.

However, this kind of waste is necessary to 'run in small steps and verify the technology in batches', because Huaxia does not have the technical and financial resources of the United States, and it can launch twenty or thirty navigation satellites in one step. By wasting these three, we can ensure that people in the low-latitude areas of the 7th to 9th time zones can try out this system in the five or six years before the networking is completed. ”

The GPS of the United States must be launched by 24 satellites before it can be commercialized, which is very unreasonable from an economic point of view. However, when the United States people first engaged in GPS, it was not for commercial purposes, but for military surveillance. The people of the United States are not for local positioning, but for global military deployment, so it makes sense for the people of the United States to design like that.

However, Huaxia's Beidou system is obviously a system that has to take into account both commercial and military use when positioning. In the early days, when users were mainly in China, it obviously made sense to "waste" three stars in exchange for "trial commercial use in the local region five or six years earlier than the rest of the world".

Li Yunxin, a liberal arts student or art student, listened to Gu Cheng's explanation, and his first reaction was completely confused.

Fortunately, she originally wanted to talk to Gu Cheng for a while, so she continued to get to the bottom of it for the sake of face, and it took a long time to figure out this matter.

"After a long time, it turns out that the Beidou system can only cover East Asia, Southeast Asia and the western part of Australia. The longitude of the first three stars hardly changes, no wonder eight stars are already usable, I thought it was really so many times stronger than GPS. ”

She muttered a few words, but soon found a new opportunity: Dongyi and Fusang, aren't they in the East Kowloon time zone?

From the three kingdoms of Argentina to the east, the whole of Southeast Asia, all the way to Australia, the longitude seems to be covered. If Gu Cheng is willing to go abroad, even if the system equipped with Beidou navigation cannot be compatible with Europe and the United States within seven or eight years, there is already enough territory for him to expand.

Thinking of this, Li Yunxin hurriedly asked the next detail: "Then you just said that because there are 3 reference stars in 'approximate synchronous orbits' over the equator, they cannot be detected by the ground in high-latitude areas. So how high is this high latitude you are talking about?"

Gu Cheng thought for a while: "At the beginning, the people of the United States engaged in GPS, and the angle between the two track planes was 55 °, which of course left a little margin, and we also calculated it according to 55 °." The trajectory of the approximate synchronous orbit is a figure-8 trajectory that swings back and forth between 12°S and 12°N, and the northernmost coordinate of the Northern Hemisphere to ensure that the signal from the reference star is received at 43°N according to the worst latitude of 12°S.

In other words, even in China, the two provinces of Northeast Heiji and Heiji could not locate the reference star when it was located in the southern hemisphere, and there were some places in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang that could not locate it -- this is also the reason why when the people of the United States were engaged in the GPS positioning system, they did not make an approximate synchronous reference star near the equator.

During the Cold War, the core of monitoring for Milou hegemony was the Arctic, and once the war broke out, the 'Topol' and 'Militia' carrying nuclear warheads flew into the Arctic orbit to strike the enemy's homeland, and the 'Backfire' and B-1 bombers' penetration routes were also in the Arctic. If GPS could not cover the North Pole, it would have had no military value back then. ”

Li Yunxin has some geographical knowledge, and he did the math by himself: the boundary between Dongyi and Beiyi is at 38 degrees north latitude, which has no effect, and it is estimated that some horns in Hokkaido that are further north than Sapporo cannot be found.