Chapter 373 Gold-inlaid Beast Head Agate Cup
"Our ancestors really know how to play!"
"How much is that?"
"Just look at it, you must not take it out, you will be robbed. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. biquge。 info”
"If I find out that someone else has these things, I'll rob them too!"
"Wouldn't it be nice to keep it away?"
"Yes, we found these, but we have the funds to start, and when we get rich in the future, we must make up for the gold!"
"Don't think about it, now that you have taken out the gold, can you really make it back?"
The discussion went on for a while before everyone fell silent, now is not ancient times, doing business is not so simple!
At this time, Mo Ye also looked at these gold artifacts in shock, and the others were similar to his performance.
After the excitement, they all stared at the gold under their feet, so that people can really see the money open, especially when they see the gold shining under the light, that feeling will definitely make people's hearts beat faster.
Looking at the picture is definitely a different feeling from looking at the real thing, which Mo Xie feels the deepest.
"Don't sigh, carefully clear a path, there's more in it!" Mo Xie reminded.
After Mo Ye said it, everyone started, but every time they picked up a piece, they were reluctant to put it down, of course, including Mo Ye.
Mo Ye picked up a piece of gold with an inscription and looked at it carefully, wanting to see the history of these gold objects.
These gold objects, the shape is exquisite, the ornamentation is exquisite and delicate, there are four or five hundred pieces in total, from the inscriptions, the vast majority of them belong to the Zhang family, a small number belong to other families, obviously these few are not the Zhang family skillfully snatched, or acquired.
Most of these utensils are daily necessities, such as bowls, cups, cups, saucers, plates, bottles, boxes, pots, hairpins, stoves, etc.
One of the golden crested lid holding pots is exquisitely crafted, exquisitely made, and peculiar in concept, and its unique aesthetic taste leaps on.
There are a lot of inscriptions on this batch of goldware, and there are more than 250 inscriptions that can be identified, with inscriptions such as "Zhang Zu Yilang", "Zhang Jiazao Shi", "Temple Street Chen Family", etc., manufacturing craftsmen, merchants, and places of name.
These inscriptions appear only on one or a set of utensils, indicating that the division of labor was very small, and that a workshop made only one or a few gold and silver items.
Many gold and silver objects are marked with fineness and weight, such as "Zhangjia Shifen" and "Note one pay for three taels and one tael", which shows that people were full of confidence in quality and technology at that time, and the number of private workshops and individual craftsmen was both large and mature.
"Mo Xie, look, is there another discovery here?" Just as everyone was cleaning up these gold artifacts, Zhang Fengguo pulled Mo Xie and asked.
Of course, Mo Xie knew that there were a lot of things in it, but he really didn't expect that Zhang Fengguo would be able to use the mobile phone app to find an underground cellar.
The things stored here are obviously stored in batches according to different ages, and these at the door are obviously the closest to modern time, and the more inward, the older the age.
At this time, there are many storage items displayed on the mobile phone, the most are sealed copper boxes, the most conspicuous of which are two, one of which is a giant gold urn with a height of 65 cm and a diameter of 60 cm, and the other is a large gold jar with a height of 30 cm and an abdominal diameter of 25 cm.
These two large vessels contain more than 1,000 pieces of gold, jade, precious stones, gold and stone ornaments, gold and silver coins, gold collars, gold cakes and medicinal materials.
Looking at the age, the time span of these things is very large, and the oldest should have a history of thousands of years ago, and that time should belong to the Tang Dynasty.
Just that batch of Tang Dynasty gold artifacts, there are 265 pieces, more than 800 medicinal materials, at this time, Mo Ye can only admire the persistence of the old Zhang family, they not only store food, but also will never let go of medicinal materials.
The medicinal materials that can be seen include ginseng, deer antler, Polygonum multiflori, Huangjing, Ganoderma lucidum, Poria cocos, and some other ores, such as cinnabar, etc., which look like alchemy.
Many of them are unrecognizable to Mo Ye, but these medicinal materials are all dry products, and they are well preserved, and it has something to do with how well these big gold pots are sealed, but what Mo Xie cares about is not these medicinal materials, but a set of fiery red cups inside.
It was a set of exquisite gold-inlaid beast head agate cups, a set of eight pieces and a holding pot, just enough to make up a set of wine utensils.
This set of agate cups is 6.5 cm high, 15.6 cm long, 5.9 cm in diameter, the material used is a whole piece of red agate with stripes that is rare in the world, the agate is dark red on both sides, light red in the middle, and the inside is a slightly ruddy milky white sandwich, the color is distinct, bright and dripping, which itself is an extremely rare jade.
This cup is in the shape of an animal's horn, with two raised strings on the outside of the mouth, and the rest of the decoration is concentrated on the head of the animal.
The beast is in the shape of a bull's head, with round eyes, the eyes are delicately described, blazing, the long horns are spirally bent and stretched to both sides of the cup, and the ears are huge and erect.
The mouth of the beast is inlaid with gold, and it is also used as a stopper for this cup, the lips are closed, the nose is bulging, and even the pores and mustaches on the lips are delicately and precisely delineated, which is very vivid.
This kind of horn cup actually originated from a kind of drinking utensils called "laitong" in the West, which was very common in the arts and crafts of Central and West Asia, especially Sassanid Persia (present-day Iran).
Therefore, this agate cup is likely to have been made by Tang Dynasty craftsmen, imitating utensils from the Western Regions, which is an important evidence of cultural exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and the Western Regions.
Among this batch of gold utensils, there are 130 pieces of eating utensils, such as bowls, plates, saucers, cups, pots, and feathers, and 49 pieces of medicine utensils, such as pots, boxes, bells, urns, and pomegranate jars.
Among them, there are 14 pieces of toiletries, such as pots, basins, and water vessels, 32 pieces of daily necessities, such as lamp heads, smokers, smoked balls, locks, etc., and 40 pieces of decorations such as hairpins, bowls, and bells.
Among them, the chronicle is remembered as early as the middle of the 7th century and the lower limit can be as early as the middle of the 8th century.
Belonging to the middle of the 7th century, there are many pieces of gold ware, such as the silver bowl with arabesque dragon and phoenix pattern, the silver bowl with double lion pattern lotus petals, the silver bowl with cloud petals with sea beast pattern, the silver cup with hunting pattern high feet, the eight-sided gold cup of the figure, the eight-sided gold cup of the musician, the gold cup with the cloisonné flower flower, and the double-lion pattern single-handled gold bell.
The decorative surface of these utensils adopts the technique of 12-petal division, and there are many S-shaped or U-shaped petals; There are welded decorative discs on the bottom, especially the appearance of octagonal objects, which are obviously influenced by Sassanid silverware craftsmanship, reflecting the characteristics of the early Tang Dynasty gold and silver wares.
The manufacturing process of this batch of gold ware is complex and delicate, and the processes of cutting, polishing, welding, riveting, and plating have been widely used.
The welding has large welding, small welding, and filigree welding, and the skills are proficient, and the weld is not easy to find.
In particular, it is worth noting that there are obvious cutting traces on plates, boxes, bowls and other utensils, the starting and falling points are significant, and the beating of the knife edge is also visible.
The thread concentricity of the small gold plate is very strong, the grain is fine, the sub-buckle of the box is processed on the taper surface, the sub-buckle is sealed in contact, and there is very little object axis swing, which proves that the cutting process has matured on that day, which should be a more important discovery in the history of China's machinery industry.
Many gold and silver objects are marked with ink to indicate the weight of each item, reflecting the Tang people's method of managing gold and silverware, and also providing conditions for determining the Tang Dynasty's balance system.
Mo Ye used a super biological detector to measure it, and found that the average value per tael in the Tang Dynasty was 42.798 grams, and a catty was 684.768 grams, which should be the most accurate measurement data for Tang Dajin.
"What's all this mess?" I have seen a lot of gold ware, and it is normal, so now Zhang Fenglin is interested in some strange utensils.
"It should be something used in ancient alchemy!" Mo Xie may not know it at first, but as long as he searches, the origin of all the items and what they are used for will be clear.
What Zhang Fenglin is curious about is actually a complete set of medicinal tools and a large number of medicines, among which the drugs are precious drugs in the Tang Dynasty, in addition to those that Mo Xie knows, there are also precious medicinal materials such as dansha, purple quartz, white quartz, stalactites, etc., and there are 7 specifications of cinnabar alone.
In addition, there are alchemy pomegranate pots, medicine cooking utensils, amphora hand gauntlets, gold pots, single-flow folding handle gold bells, single-flow gold pots, and many medicine storage boxes and drinking utensils, which show the development and achievements of pharmacology in the Tang Dynasty and reflect the prevalence of alchemy in the Tang Dynasty.
This is probably the most systematic and complete discovery of medicinal tools and medicines in the Tang Dynasty so far.
In addition, there are many foreign gold coins, such as Heraclius (610~640) gold coins of Eastern Rome and Khusru II (590~627) silver coins of Persia, which should be a symbol of the prosperity of Sino-foreign transportation and trade at that time.
In addition to the gold and silver coins of the Tang Dynasty, there are some other currencies, Mo Ye counted it, there are as many as 39 kinds, including the popular Kaiyuan Tongbao in the Tang Dynasty, and the Gaochang auspicious of the Gaochang Kingdom in the Western Regions, the Hetong Kaier minted by the Emperor Yuanmei of Japan, as well as the Sassanid silver coins of Persia, the gold coins of Eastern Rome, etc.
From these gold and silver coins, it is easy to see the time span of the Zhang family's collection, because the age span of these gold and silver coins is more than 1,000 years, involving the Sea of Japan in the east and the Mediterranean Sea in the west, covering an area of thousands of kilometers, which is certainly the first time in the history of numismatics, and it is an unprecedented discovery in the history of numismatic collection.
Among the more conspicuous ones are the mandarin duck lotus petal pattern gold bowl, the red gold dancing horsebit cup pattern imitation leather bag gold pot, the red gold parrot pattern handle gold pot and the red gold walking dragon, and countless other gold, silver and copper coins.
Among them, there are nine pieces of agateware, one glass ware, one crystal ware, ten jade belts, a pair of jade arm rings, countless gold ornaments, and countless gold leaf, jade and gemstones.
"This time it's really a long time to see!" Zhang Lingyun checked as he walked, and after taking a few steps, he would open a purple gold box.
"Uncle, the innermost boxes don't need to be opened!" At this time, Mo Xie stopped Zhang Lingyun's movements.
"Huh?" Zhang Lingyun was stunned for a moment, a little unable to react.
Mo Xie said: "These are all books, and they are easy to damage if you open them!" ”
"It's all books?" Others were also drawn in.