On the second day, when he went to court, Gaozong issued a holy decree and designated Liangshan as the mausoleum site. When Yuan Tiangang heard this, he looked up to the sky and sighed: "Those who represent the Tang Dynasty will be martial Zhaoyi." He was afraid that he would be implicated in the future, so he resigned and went out to travel.

After the site of the mausoleum was chosen, how to determine the name was debated endlessly. Some ministers suggested: The name of Taizong's mountain mausoleum is Zhaoling, which has the meaning of showing the emperor's spirit, and His Majesty's mausoleum is named Chengling to inherit Taizong's grace. The eldest grandson Wuji said: "Liangshan is located in the northwest of Chang'an, and it belongs to the position of a cadre in the gossip, and the dry is the yang, the sky, and the emperor. Chang'an is the imperial capital of His Majesty in this world, and Liangshan is naturally the heavenly imperial capital of His Majesty's longevity. According to the minister's opinion, it will be named Qianling! Gaozong was very happy to hear this, so he named it Qianling. Where did the eldest grandson Wuji know that what Yuan Tiangang said was that Liangshan was full of yin and could not be selected as the mausoleum site. Now named Qianling, isn't it destined to have a woman as the emperor? All subsequent developments were in response to Yuan Tiangang's prediction.

A legend is a legend after all. According to the literature, after the death of Gaozong in the first year of Hongdao, Wu Zetian followed Gaozong's last wish of "returning Chang'an, and there is no regret in death", and chose an auspicious place in the Weibei Plateau in Guanzhong, and ordered Shangshu Wei of the Ministry of Officials to wait for the price of the mountain mausoleum, and Wei Taizhen of the Hubu Langzhong to be a master craftsman, and mobilized more than 200,000 soldiers and migrant workers to build an underground Xuan Palace in accordance with the burial system of "because the mountain is the mausoleum", and the main peak of Liangshan was used as a mausoleum, and the underground Xuangong was built in a hole on the mountainside. "The New Tang Dynasty Book: The Biography of Chen Ziang" contains: "The mountains and tombs must be used for apprenticeship, leading the people who are ill, raising tens of thousands of troops, transferring, supervising and supporting the young, shoveling the mountains and rocks, and driving them to work." After more than 300 days and nights of intense construction, the main project was completed by the time of the burial in August of the first year of civilization (684 AD). After the burial of Gaozong, the construction of the Qianling Tomb continued.

Twenty-two years later, Wu Zetian died of illness in the first year of Shenlong. On the issue of burying Wu Zetian, there was a debate in the imperial court, and Zhongzong wanted to fulfill the last wish of the queen mother to "return to the mausoleum", but the minister Yan Shansi strongly opposed it. He said, "The Venerable One is buried first, and the lowly one should not be moved and then buried." Then the Empress Dowager is inferior to the Emperor, and if she is buried in the tomb today, she will be humbled and respected, and she will be afraid of the dragon vein. The minister heard that the Qianling Xuanque, its door was closed with stone, its stone gap, cast iron to fix it, if the tomb is opened today, it must be engraved. Mobilize the public to work hard, and do the harm deeply. Looking at the side of the Qianling Tomb, choose an auspicious place, don't set up a mausoleum, not only from the funeral ceremony, but also into a solid business. If the way of God is known, the path of seclusion should be understood, and if there is ignorance, what is the benefit. The generous and benevolent Emperor Zhongzong did not accept this suggestion, and in order to show filial piety, he ordered someone to dig up the Qianling Road, open the tomb door, and bury Wu Zetian in the Qianling Xuangong in May of the second year of Shenlong. Since then, Qianling has become the only one in the ancient Chinese imperial tombs where one mausoleum is buried with two emperors. After the joint burial of Wu Zetian, Zhongzong and Ruizong Dynasty buried 17 people, including the second prince, the third king, the fourth princess, and the eight ministers. Therefore, all the construction projects of the Qianling Cemetery were completed after Wu Zetian, Zhongzong and Ruizong dynasties, which lasted as long as 57 years.

When the Qianling Tomb was built, it was in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the national strength was abundant, the cemetery was large-scale, the building was majestic and magnificent, and it could be called "the crown of the emperors' tombs in the past dynasties". At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Taizong Li Shimin learned from ancient times to the present, there is no immortal country, there is no historical lesson of the tomb that is not dug, from the Zhaoling of him and the eldest grandson queen, created the burial system of "because of the mountain for the mausoleum", by the famous art master Yan Lide and Yan Liben brothers presided over the design, the mausoleum is combined with the building group and the carving group, and the uneven arrangement is arranged on the mountain with the trend of "dragon pan phoenix".

On the way to visit the Shinto, several huge stone tablets stand on both sides, which completely record the past and present life of this Qianling tomb and its significance for modern and future generations.

Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian's Qianling, the development and improvement of the shape of the Zhaoling, the cemetery imitates the pattern of the Tang capital Chang'an City, divided into the imperial city, the palace city and the outer Guo city, its north-south main axis is as long as 4.9 kilometers. According to the literature, the Qianling Cemetery is "eighty miles in Zhou", the original city wall is double, the inner city is placed with four gates, the east is called Qinglong Gate, the south is called Zhuque Gate, the west is called Baihu Gate, and the north is called Xuanwu Gate. According to the investigation of archaeologists, the inner city of the cemetery is about a square, and its north and south walls are 450 meters long, the east wall is 1,582 meters long, and the west wall is 1,438 meters long, with a total area of about 230 square meters. There are many glorious buildings in the city, such as the dedication hall, the partial room, the cloister, the que tower, the ancestral hall of the statue of 60 courtiers such as Di Renjie, and the lower palace. After the "Anshi Rebellion", Qianling has gone through more than 1,300 years of vicissitudes of wind and rain, and the magnificent buildings on the ground of Qianling have disappeared.

"Tang Hui Yao" records that in the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan, 378 houses were built during the renovation of Qianling. Since then, a group of more than 20 exquisite large-scale stone carvings has become a true portrayal of the vigorous development of the Tang Dynasty society, making people feel the spirit of the Tang Dynasty that it embodies.

From the natural double of the two peaks in the south of Liangshan, it is arranged symmetrically in order to the north. Standing at the top of the table is a pair of eight-meter-high octagonal prism stone watches, which are the symbol of the emperor's tomb, and its shape shows the concept of eternal life and the worship of human beings by ancient ancestors. Then there is a pair of tall heads, round and magnificent stone-carved winged horses, the two wings of the horse body carved with cloud patterns, as if there is a tendency to take off. To the north of the winged horse is a pair of graceful high-relief ostriches, which is a symbol of cultural exchanges and friendly exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and the people of the Western Regions. The ostrich is followed by five pairs of stone horses equipped with chariots and ten pairs of stone Weng Zhong (or Naokai shogun) about four meters high. Legend has it that Weng Zhong's surname is Ruan, and he is the general of the Qin Dynasty who guarded Lintao, and he is powerful and powerful. Qin Shi Huang tree Weng Zhong statue outside the Sima Gate of Xianyang Palace, and the emperors of later generations guarded the cemetery with the stone statue of Weng Zhong.

The north of Weng Zhongzhi is two stone tablets, and one of the west is the golden word of Tang Gaozong's "Shu Shengji" tablet, it is the monument that Empress Wu Zetian stands for Gaozong's praise of merit, the tablet is more than six meters high, and the width is nearly two meters. The inscription is about 5,600 words, Wu Zetian personally wrote, Zhongzong Li Xianshudan, the stroke was first engraved with gold dust, and now the gold traces of individual words are still there.

The east side is Wu Zetian's wordless monument, 7.3 meters high, 2.1 meters wide, 1.49 meters thick, weighing about 98.9 tons. The stele body is carved with eight intertwined dragons, four on the left and right sides. The stele body is carved with a complete boulder, and each line on both sides is engraved with a height of 4.12 meters "Shenglong Figure". The stele pedestal is engraved with a "lion and horse figure", which is 2.14 meters long and 0.66 meters wide. The whole wordless stele is tall and majestic, the carving is exquisite, and it is a huge system in the group of steles in the Chinese dynasties. The wordless monument was established in the Tang Dynasty, but it did not inscribe the word Tang people, leaving many mysteries to be solved. At present, there are mainly "Deda Say", "Last Words Say" and so on. "Deda said" is that Wu Zetian thinks that he is the emperor with a woman, "high merit and great virtue", it is difficult to express it in words, so only a white monument is erected; "Last words" means that Wu Zetian's last words before his death: "My own merits and demerits will be left for future generations to comment", so I don't write a word.

This article is from the novel of Kanshu.com