Chapter 115: Automatic Rifles

The AK-47 is mainly disadvantaged by the fact that the muzzle rises severely when firing fully automatic, and the rear seat of the bolt frame hits the bottom of the receiver, and the design of the bolt shell makes it difficult to install the Picatinny rail, and the design of the receiver cover leads to a short aiming baseline. The design of the sight is not ideal, the recoil of the gun is large, and other defects, which greatly affect the shooting accuracy, it is difficult to shoot accurately beyond 300 meters, and the accuracy of continuous fire is even lower, in fact, it can only meet the requirements of close combat based on encounters.

The Germans were armed with Mauser firearms, and there were many models of Mauser rifles, but the basic structure was much the same, all of them were bolt-action direct-action rifles, and there was a fixed magazine for 5 rounds. Due to its reliable action and easy operation, the gun was welcomed by many countries and was one of the most widely used rifles in the world at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. General Patton, a famous American general during World War II, liked Mauser rifles in addition to ML semi-automatic rifles, and he often hung a Type 98 Mauser rifle on his command vehicle.

But if the Mauser rifle meets the AK gun family, in the end it can only be a result, in the face of the powerful AK gun family, the bolt-action Mauser rifle is not comparable. Although the AK gun family has certain defects, so that the firing range is not very strong, but on the real battlefield, even the soldiers who use Mauser rifles need to face the firing range is only about 100 meters, so far Zhuo Fei has not heard of any country soldiers like himself, just using ordinary bolt-action rifles can easily cover a firing range of more than 200 meters with firepower.

The reason why guns can be carried forward is inseparable from war. War was often the catalyst for the invention of guns and a breeding ground for the emergence of new weapons. World War II, as the most famous war in the history of human warfare, participated in the war with the largest number of countries and armies. Naturally, many new weapons and equipment will appear. The main reason why Zhuo Fei took out the AK rifle shooting drawings that he had just drawn was because the Germans were also secretly developing automatic weapons.

The First World War was characterized by a static war of attrition, in which positional warfare was the main mode of warfare, so this resulted in an emphasis on the long range of rifles, and a battle for positions within 50 meters led to a large number of equipment for close-range rapid-fire weapons submachine guns. After the end of World War I, along with the progress of industrial science and technology, the military strategy and tactical theories of various countries also underwent tremendous changes. In several battles after World War I, such as the Russian Civil War and the Spanish Civil War, there were situations that did not occur in World War I. The combat distance of the infantry on both sides was greatly shortened compared with the period of World War I, and more than 70 percent of the battles were concentrated within a distance of 400 meters.

At this distance, the rifles that the countries were armed with at that time were not up to the task. Whether it is the German Mauser rifle, the Soviet Union's Mosin-Nagant rifle, or the British Lee Enfield rifle, the effective range is more than 600 meters, and the scale range is about 1000 meters. With such a strong lethality, it is obviously not necessary at 400 meters. At this distance, the power of conventional rifles is too great, far exceeding the requirements of real combat. At the same time, the rate of fire of the hand-loaded rifles equipped by various countries is not high, and good marksmen can only fire 10 to 12 rounds a minute. This rate of fire is clearly not capable of inflicting sufficient effective fire suppression on the enemy.

And the submachine gun, another type of equipment used by the infantry of various countries, cannot meet the needs of modern warfare. The effective firing range of submachine guns in World War II did not exceed 150 meters, and in actual combat it was less than 100 meters. Although at 100 meters, the submachine gun has a decent rate of fire and fire suppression. However, the ammunition used in the submachine gun is a pistol bullet, and the submachine gun cannot shoot purposefully at a distance of more than 150 meters.

150 meters for submachine guns, 500 meters for rifles, with a gap of 150 to 400 meters of fire in the middle. Infantry units of various countries generally make up for it by light machine guns, but light machine guns are less equipped in the grassroots infantry, and their ammunition is also very powerful, and the power of light machine gun ammunition is still excessive at this distance. At the same time, submachine guns need a lot of pistol bullets, rifle light machine guns also need a lot of rifle ammunition, and grassroots infantry is equipped with both submachine guns and rifles, which means that logistics personnel must prepare two types of ammunition at the same time.

If the weapons and ammunition of grassroots infantry can be unified, it will be of great help to the military industrial and logistics systems of various countries. For these purposes, in the late 30s, countries began to study assault weapons. They wanted to be able to produce a weapon that combined the characteristics of a rifle and a submachine gun to replace existing rifles, submachine guns, and even light machine guns. However, experiments proved that the standard rifle ammunition of the early twentieth century was too powerful for automatic rifles, which were difficult to control their accuracy when firing in bursts, and were too heavy to be carried by individual soldiers. Due to the limitations of firearms technology and metal smelting technology at that time, of course, there are reasons why the concept of assault rifles is not understood enough, and it cannot meet the actual needs. Schmeiser, born Hugo in Sur, Thuringia, Germany? Schmeiser came from a family of weapons designers, and his family owned a gunsmith company founded in 1841 and was famous before Mauser Co., specializing in the production of "Dreiser firing guns" for the Prussian army. Influenced by his family, Schmeiser began to follow his brother in the gun shop at a very young age, and knew all kinds of guns well.

The famous Bergman "MP18I submachine gun is Hugo? Schmeier's shooting, which was later based on Bergman's MP18I, Hugo? Schmeiser designed the MP28 submachine gun. After the outbreak of World War II, Schmeiser's name began to be valued by the German military, and the name of Schmeiser began to circulate among the Allied forces, and soldiers even called a very powerful submachine gun equipped by the German army "Schmeiser". However, the submachine gun, officially known as the "MP40", only used a magazine designed by Schmeiser, and the entire gun was designed by another gunsmith. Schmeiser's design for the German army was another classic gun -- the StG-44 assault rifle.

After receiving the actual combat acceptance report, Schmeiser asked for mass production with minor changes to the design, because the gun used ammunition different from the submachine gun and was considered the world's first true assault rifle. The excellent performance of the MP44 was well received by the German front-line troops, and Hitler finally noticed this infantry weapon and recognized its role, while granting the gun "production priority". In order to show the importance attached to the MP44, Hitler personally renamed it the "Type 44 Assault Rifle", the StG-44.

After the end of World War II, the U.S. military occupied Sur, 61-year-old Hugo? Schmyser and his brother were taken under Allied control but later released. Four months later, the Soviet Red Army took over the control of Sur from the American Army, and Schmeiser was again "invited" to the army. This time he was not released. After listening to the performance reports of the StG-44 assault rifle from intelligence officers, Stalin decided that the rifle was simple and durable, and that it was suitable for Soviet soldiers, so he ordered Schmeiser and his design team to be brought back to China to "design better infantry light weapons for the Soviet Red Army." ”

In October 1946, Schmeiser and 15 other German gunsmiths were placed in Izhevsk, south of the Ural Mountains. The Soviet military set up the "58th Special Design Institute" specifically for them, and Schmeiser was appointed as one of the five designers of the institute. Rumor has it that Kalashnikov's AK-47 assault rifle was actually designed with the help of Schmysser. Kalashnikov himself allegedly admitted in 2009 that Schmeiser "helped" him in designing the AK-47. However, it is impossible to confirm the facts, but the AK-47 assault rifle is very similar to the StG-44 assault rifle in terms of design and some components.

The Germans actually developed the StG-44 assault rifle after 1943, and now it is only 1937, if Zhuo Fei is determined to conceal the design drawings of his lottery, perhaps the German army will suffer greatly in the face of automatic weapons from the United States and the Soviet Union. But now it's different, Zhuo Fei has a vague ambition in his heart, he took out this design drawing, not out of optimism about Germany, but because Germany needs to strengthen the combat effectiveness of individual soldiers, and can more effectively contain the combat effectiveness of the Allies in the upcoming World War II.

Hitler was not only a hero, he was also a madman who tried to control the whole world, with this Hitler who dared to challenge the world's few last powers at the same time, with Hitler in the foreground, Zhuo Fei could have the time and opportunity to complete the grand plan in his heart. "Hansen, what do you think is the chance of working with Mr. Hitler with this design drawing?" Hansen was already immersed in the design drawings, but Zhuo Fei had to say something to interrupt Hansen's joy.

Hansen, who was interrupted, did not express anger, but quickly adjusted his mentality, and after a little muttering, he replied, "Boss, if you talk to Herr Hitler about this, I am afraid that the SS will be driven out of Mr. Hitler's office, as far as I know, Mr. Hitler, who participated in World War I, was not very keen on automatic weapons, and he thought that the range of automatic weapons was too short, and the speed of consumption of ammunition was too fast, which would cause a lot of pressure on logistics." ”

Hansen's words were also echoed by Zhuo Fei, in fact, if it weren't for Hitler's stubbornness, perhaps the StG-44 assault rifle would have been equipped with German soldiers earlier. Because Hitler was obsessed with powerful weapons such as firepower and did not pay attention to the firepower that was inferior to that of submachine guns, and the range and accuracy were not comparable to that of Mauser 98K semi-automatic rifles, the StG-44 was not reused in the German army, and when the Germans began to pay attention to the StG-44, it was already the setting of the Reich.