Chapter 036 Pointing the Country

On the national highway from Heng Chūn, the provincial city of Xianglin Province, to Hoang Long, four police cars open the road in front and guard the rear in the rear, and the middle three are Qingyi Sè's black Sè Audi A6 and two Passat, and two Honda Odyssey MPV utility vehicles. The convoy is all black, coupled with the police cars in front and behind, giving people a particularly heavy and solemn, people occasionally have sharp eyes to see the three Audi A6 in the middle of the car with a license plate starting with "Ji 0", and they unconsciously muttered: "Hmph, show off your might......"

In the center of the convoy of "Yaowuyang", two men were talking in the back seat of the black Sè Audi No. 0-00001.

"Secretary Wang, I still say that state-owned enterprises must achieve 'four no debts and one loss' in the process of reform in order to truly achieve the purpose of reform."

Xiao Chen's "four do not owe one and do not lose" means that he does not owe national taxes, does not owe social security fees, does not owe employee wages, does not owe enterprise depreciation and does not lose money, this statement was put forward by Xiao Chen when he first came to the Northeast to guide the reform of state-owned enterprises, and now he is just rehashing the old words.

According to Xiao Chen's view, in order to achieve this goal, state-owned enterprises must achieve "five in place", that is, investors must be in place, multiple investment entities must be in place, a standardized corporate governance structure must be in place, the reform of the three enterprise systems must be in place, and a scientific performance evaluation system must be in place. Xiao Chen believes that in order to ensure that enterprises achieve these "five in place", the government should also achieve "five in place": first, the state-owned assets supervision and management system is in place, and the state-owned assets supervision and management institutions must be established; Second, the transformation of the functions of the government should be in place, and the economic management function should be shifted to serve the market, create an environment for development, and realize the separation of government from enterprises, government capital, and government affairs. Third, the reform of the social security system must be in place; Fourth, the construction of factor markets, especially labor and property rights trading markets, should be in place; Fifth, the development of the non-public sector of the economy should be in place. ”

"Of course I understand what you mean, and I agree with this opinion, but at present, some of our companies have not yet learned to walk, and they all want to run, so something will happen." Secretary Wang is naturally Wang Kun, secretary of the Xianglin Provincial Party Committee, he sighed softly, and there was a slight worry between his eyebrows: "Some enterprises have entered the market economy with their heads, but their bodies have not come in, and there are inadaptations from all aspects, which makes them quickly knocked down by the market." Only after we do a good job in the basic work such as market and management will the efficiency soar. Therefore, I think that doing a good job in the basic work under the market economy is the top priority of the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. ”

Xiao Chen snorted, Wang Kun said that the basic work, not only the basic industry, but including some institutional foundation including the system engineering, for this view, Xiao Chen also agreed, he nodded: "The state put forward the policy of revitalizing the Northeast so that the Northeast has entered a new round of accelerated development period, in this process, in the process of reform, we must be stable, in the process of restructuring, we must satisfy all employees, so that their interests are guaranteed." Moreover, it should be a one-size-fits-all policy, not a one-size-fits-all approach. All in all, in the process of restructuring the system, we must play slow chess, lay a good foundation, and not be too hasty. ”

When he said this, he looked at Wang Kun pointedly and said, "The governor of the Weijun army may be a little cautious in some things. ”

Wang Kun glanced at Xiao Chen with a slight surprise, of course he was the governor of Zhu Weijun, but it was a provincial governor, a local official with real power at the ministerial level, one of the real feudal officials, when he met with Vice Premier Xiao a few days ago, Premier Xiao did not say - explicitly and implicitly - what action measures to take against Governor Zhu, Governor Zhu is also one of the young cadres of the Oriental faction, and in recent years, he has been quite respected, and the relationship between the Oriental faction and the Xiao faction is somewhat related, and at some levels there are even some You have me, I have youIn the past ten years in the center, although he has tried to test Xiao's actions, he has never really used a knife with Xiao, and the great thing is to knock a stuffy stick - he hasn't knocked it too hard, and he has never killed anyone. From this point of view, the above should not be ruthless to Governor Zhu, so what does Xiao Chen mean by this?

If Wang Kun looked at Xiao Chen as a junior when he was in Jiangdong, then for the current Xiao Chen, Wang Kun no longer has this kind of overlooking attitude, he pondered for a while, and said: "In the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, the problem of state-owned enterprises is the top priority, in the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, how to do a good job in the transformation and management of state-owned enterprises, which is also what we are trying to explore at present. Understandable, right? ”

Xiao Chen didn't answer immediately, but said quietly: "The day before yesterday, I chatted with Director Wang of the Policy Research Center of the Government Council for a while, and he also mentioned the issue of the revitalization of the Northeast. What Director Wang meant was that the reform of state-owned enterprises and the adjustment of the state-owned economy in Northeast China are relatively lagging behind, and various deep-seated contradictions accumulated over a long period of time have further emerged, which are mainly manifested in three aspects: First, the proportion of state-owned economy in Northeast China is high and the structure is unreasonable; Second, the asset quality of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China is poor and the economic efficiency is low; Third, state-owned enterprises in the northeast region are burdened with heavy burdens, and there are many enterprises in difficulty. ”

Xiao Chen paused for a moment and said: "Because I have been busy with the affairs of the Northeast for a large part of the past six months, I have a relatively good understanding of the situation, so I will add that in addition to the above problems, many state-owned enterprises in the Northeast still have problems such as outdated concepts, inactive mechanisms, backward technology, extensive management, and brain drain, which have further aggravated the difficult situation of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China and slowed down the pace of reform and development of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. ”

Xiao Chen sighed lightly: "At that time, Comrade Qi Xiaowang, director of the Planning and Development Bureau of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, was also present, and he further pointed out the problem of centrally supervised enterprises in Northeast China, saying: The total economic volume of centrally supervised enterprises is large, but the asset-liability ratio is high, and the economic benefits are not good; The scale of enterprises supervised by the central government is large, but the proportion of monopoly and basic industries is high, and the transformation of industrial structure is difficult, among which the prominent problems are the lagging development of high-tech industries and the high dependence on resource-based industries; Central enterprises have heavy burdens, and there is obvious unequal competition compared with other enterprises. ”

"Our comrades from the Northeast Revitalization Department of the National Development and Reform Commission believe that the main and fundamental reason for the backwardness of the Northeast region is that the reform is lagging behind and the degree of marketization is low. The concept of political officials and their consideration of their own interests are the biggest obstacle to market-oriented reform, and the key to whether or not they can translate the concept of market economy into practical action depends on whether political officials can truly represent the interests of the broad masses of the people and give up the rights that should be waived. In order to speed up the process of market-oriented reform, the government of the northeast region must translate the concept of market economy into policies and actions as soon as possible, get rid of the path dependence on the traditional planned economic system, realize the separation of government and capital and government from enterprise as soon as possible, and truly let enterprises become independent. ”

Wang Kun nodded slightly: "Actually, these statements are reasonable. There are many reasons why the old industrial base in Northeast China has fallen into the dilemma of lagging development, but the most important ones are three aspects: First, the transformation of the system has brought about fundamental changes in the institutional environment on which the economy of Northeast China depends, and the economic growth of Northeast China has increasingly lost its institutional advantages and needs to bear more reform and system transformation costs than other regions. Second, the resource endowment and the 'dominant resources' of the social economy in Northeast China have undergone major changes. After years of large-scale exploitation and development, the recoverable resources of many resource-exploiting cities and regions in Northeast China have been decreasing, and finally the current problem of 'resource depletion' has exploded. Third, the location advantage of the rapid development of the old industrial base in Northeast China has undergone a major reversal. After the reform and opening up, the geographical disadvantages of the Northeast region have become more prominent. Most of the old industrial bases in Northeast China are not included in the key areas of the country's opening up, and the important industrial bases of the former countries have shown a tendency to evolve into 'economic periphery areas'. ”

Xiao Chen saw that Wang Kun was a little heavy, so he smiled: "But everyone also realizes: not only to see the current problems of the old industrial base in Northeast China, but also to see the potential advantages and positive factors of the old industrial base in Northeast China. If we summarize the advantages of the old industrial base in Northeast China, I think there are two main ones: first, the industrial foundation is strong and the development potential is huge. Northeast China is located at the core of the Northeast Asian Economic Circle and the Bohai Rim Economic Belt, with superior conditions for economic exchanges. It has gathered a large number of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, with strong comprehensive supporting capabilities and significant advantages in economies of scale. Having accumulated rich experience in large-scale industrial production, there is great hope for it to rise again; Second, the Northeast region has concentrated a number of central enterprises that have a certain reputation in the world and have strong control in the same industry in the country, which is the great advantage and hope of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China. ”

Wang Kun also smiled: "To revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China, we still need to take the reform of state-owned enterprises and the adjustment of the state-owned economy as the entry point and breakthrough point. Without the rise of state-owned enterprises, there will be no comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast region; Without the adjustment and optimization of the layout and structure of the state-owned economy, it will be difficult to speed up the adjustment and transformation of the old industrial base in Northeast China. China's economic development level is in the transition stage from low-income to middle-income to high-income, and the enterprise groups that can faithfully embody the will of the state can only and must be formed with state-owned enterprises and their holding enterprises as the core. South American countries have adopted a market-oriented economic development model, and the government mainly uses monetary, fiscal and other economic policies, and no longer directly cào vertical enterprises, but the economies of these countries have more or less experienced financial crises. The function of state-owned enterprises is to implement the direct means of regulation and control of the government-led economic development model. ”

Xiao Chen nodded: "Of course, to revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China, enterprises are the main body, structural adjustment is the main line, institutional arrangements are the key links, and accelerating development is the strategic goal." The significance of the reform of the state-owned asset management system lies in the implementation of the representatives of state-owned capital investors, the protection of the rights and interests of the state as the owner of capital, and the invigoration of state-owned capital management. In the middle, it involves the separation of the functions of government and social public management from the functions of investors of state-owned enterprises, the separation of government from enterprises, and the separation of ownership and management rights. It involves the division of central and local state-owned assets and the construction of state-owned assets operation system; It also involves the strategic readjustment of the state-owned economy, the expansion of the public ownership system, especially the various effective forms of state-owned ownership, and the building of a modern enterprise system, which will provide a broad space for various localities to carry out the restructuring and reorganization of state-owned enterprises. ”

"But the problem now is that the three major burdens of state-owned enterprises in the old industrial base in Northeast China are quite heavy. I believe that relieving the three major burdens on state-owned enterprises is an urgent task for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Only when the burdens are lifted can the state-owned stock assets be liberated from the old system, become mobile, and improve the efficiency of the stock assets, and can the reform of the property rights system, the appraisal system, the personnel system, and the distribution system, as well as the reorganization of the assets of the state-owned enterprises, proceed smoothly. ”

Xiao Chen looked at Wang Kun: "What are the three major burdens?" ”

"The first is the social burden of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. I once combined some statistical data to analyze the basic situation of enterprises running society in the old industrial base in Northeast China, and found that the heaviest historical burden of enterprises in Northeast China is that enterprises run society. According to the data, at the end of 2002, there were 7,183 state-owned enterprises running social institutions in the three northeastern provinces, with 491,000 employees at the end of the year, and the enterprise subsidy fund was 15.38 billion yuan. Among them, there are 3,476 enterprises running social institutions in Northeast China, with 307,000 employees and 12.986 billion yuan of enterprise subsidies, and 3,707 local state-owned enterprises running social functional institutions with 183,800 employees and 2.394 billion yuan of enterprise subsidies. It can be seen that the social funds of the central enterprises in Northeast China are quite huge. Wang Kun remembers these data very clearly, and it seems that he has worked hard.

Xiao Chen thought for a while and said: "Regarding solving the social burden of enterprises, I can only give one suggestion in principle at present: first, unify thinking, clarify the goals and requirements of separating enterprises from social work, and speed up the separation of enterprises from social work in the old industrial base in Northeast China. Second, in accordance with the spirit of Document No. 11, some old industrial base cities should be selected as pilot projects, and at the same time, the social functions of large enterprises should be separated step by step. The third is to separate the social functions of enterprises, and determine the institutions that are included in the scope of the separation of the main and auxiliary businesses and the restructuring of the auxiliary business. Fourth, it is necessary to further clarify the separation of the responsibilities of local government and central government in the society run by the society, and analyze the difficulties in responsibility. Fifth, the focus of separation is on primary and secondary schools and hospitals run by enterprises. Sixth, the central government will provide support for separating the social functions of enterprises and distinguishing different situations. Seventh, some policy restrictions can be relaxed or given corresponding preferential treatment in the process of separation. Eighth, the separation work should be considered in conjunction with other tasks. Ninth, in the process of separation, it is necessary to clarify responsibilities and strengthen leadership. ”

Wang Kun listened, but Wang Kun's secretary in the passenger seat in front of him had already recorded, Xiao Chen said too fast, even if he wrote like flying, he couldn't write, so he had to record.

Wang Kun said: "The second is the burden of redundant personnel on state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. I would like to take Xianglin Province as an example to talk about the redundant personnel burden of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. At present, the proportion of laid-off reemployed people in Xianglin Province has reached 8.9% in the country, which is much higher than the proportion of employees in Xianglin Province accounting for 2% of the country. Large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises need to close down and go bankrupt 146 households, involving 200,000 employees. There are 514,000 laid-off workers who need to deal with labor relations, and about 6.67 billion yuan of compensation funds and repayment of arrears of employee debts are needed. Although I don't want to admit it, I can only admit the fact that the contradiction between employment and reemployment in Xianglin Province is prominent, and the social security capacity is weak. ”

Xiao Chen mō chin said: "Regarding the way to relieve the burden of personnel, I think the main thing is to implement the diversion of personnel, from diversion with money and laid-off unemployment to transfer assets, diversion with capital, and entrepreneurship." There are three principles: First, if a restructured enterprise has state-owned shares and its workers continue to be employed, the restructured enterprise should continue to retain its inherent status as an employee and continue to receive various social insurances without dissolving labor relations. Second, if the employees of the restructured enterprise need to terminate the labor relationship with compensation, they can convert part of the enterprise assets into employee shares, and the employees can hold shares in the new enterprise. 3. If a foreign businessman or an enterprise purchases the property rights of a state-owned enterprise and the purchaser resettles the employees, the net assets of the enterprise may be reduced accordingly. or exempt or exempt the land transfer fee, or give compensation according to the current preferential tax policies of the state. ”

Wang Kun saw that the secretary had already recorded it, so he didn't dwell on it, and only continued: "The third is the debt burden of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. As a result, the Tohoku region has a serious problem of many troubled companies and a heavy debt burden. In 2002, the local state-owned enterprises in Liaoning, Heihei, and Jilin provinces all suffered net losses after offsetting their profits and losses, and a considerable number of state-owned enterprises were in great difficulty in operating and could no longer survive. From the perspective of enterprise bankruptcy, 428 of the 1,507 state-owned enterprises in Northeast China plan to close down bankrupt enterprises, involving 954,000 people, and plan to write off 49.2 billion yuan of bad bank debts. Among the 104 enterprises in difficulty that are insolvent and above the third level under the supervision of the central authorities in the northeast region, a considerable number of them will be closed down and bankrupt. ”

"This is indeed a key issue, some time ago I happened to be studying for a doctorate in economics, in order to combine theory with practice, I focused on the study of the asset and debt restructuring of state-owned enterprises, and put forward the following ways to solve the specific problems."

Xiao Chen was not in a hurry, and said: "The first way is to transfer the claims of state-owned commercial banks to local state-owned enterprises in the three northeastern provinces into the debts and equity of local governments. The first option is to purchase at a discount, and the central government will bear the loss of bank creditor's rights; The second option is to purchase the creditor's rights in full, and the local government bears the loss of the bank's creditor's rights. From the perspective of supporting the old industrial base, option 1 is more reasonable; From the perspective of mitigating the risks of central management, the second option is more advantageous. In practice, it is also possible to choose a scenario between option 1 and option 2, that is, a scheme in which the central and local governments share the loss of bank claims. ”

Wang Kun frowned slightly, not because he had an opinion, but after thinking for a while, he asked, "What about your personal tendencies?" ”

"Personally, I think we should focus on the first solution to solve the problem." Xiao Chen said.

Wang Kun thought for a while, but still didn't say anything, just asked, "What about the second way?" ”

Xiao Chen smiled slightly: "The second way is for the central government to adopt a variety of ways to resolve the creditor's rights losses of the national commercial banks and the state-operated asset management companies. The feasibility of this plan lies in the following: first, it is conducive to accelerating and promoting the reform and reorganization of state-owned enterprises, and can effectively solve the cost of state-owned enterprise reform; Second, it will help solve the problem of excessively high bad debt rates of state-owned commercial banks, and it will be realistic and feasible. ”

"Is there a third party way?" Wang Kun asked again.

"Yes." Xiao Chen smiled and looked very indifferent: "The third way is the idea of debt restructuring of local state-owned enterprises. Taking Liao'an Province as an example, firstly, the state-owned enterprises are divided into two categories, the first category is the major equipment industry, military industry and other enterprises related to the country's economic competitiveness and national security; The second category is state-owned enterprises other than the first category. Second, four measures will be taken to promote restructuring and reform for the first type of enterprises. First, the main body of a capable enterprise; the second is to integrate and form large groups; The third is to implement the business performance appraisal system in key state-owned enterprises, especially the listed companies should gradually implement the system of external directors and independent directors; Fourth, it is necessary to form core competitiveness as soon as possible. Third, it is necessary to promote reform in various effective forms of public ownership for the second-type enterprises, and properly handle the problems in the four aspects. First, the issue of compensation and resettlement of employees; The second is to do everything possible to help employees achieve reemployment on the basis of the original enterprise, and encourage employees to use compensation assets or funds to form joint ventures with other investors to form new companies; the third is to properly handle the other claims and debts of the original enterprise; Fourth, standardize asset appraisal and property rights transactions. ”

Wang Kun's face was solemn, pondering these methods given by Xiao Chen, I have to say that Xiao Chen's understanding of reform is by no means as plain as ordinary leading cadres, and the methods he gave are also relevant to current affairs and very targeted. It's just that as the No. 1 leader of a province, Wang Kun must consider whether Xiao Chen's methods can be well combined with the local reality. No matter how good the theory is, it must always be linked to the actual situation to be useful.

Xiao Chen saw that Wang Kun was in thought, and did not bother him, and waited for the Sichuan characters between Wang Kun's eyebrows to disperse, and then said with a slight smile: "As far as I know, this year, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission will focus on promoting the separation of social institutions run by central enterprises in Northeast China, and the diversion of surplus personnel, focusing on separating schools, hospitals and other social and public affairs units and administrative institutions. The SASAC will follow the principles of focusing first and then general, first easy and then difficult, and doing what it can, classify guidance, implement it step by step, and adopt a variety of ways to separate. Combined with the reform of the social security system in Northeast China, we will support enterprises to take advantage of the current reform opportunities and various operating conditions, increase the efforts to separate surplus personnel, and effectively reduce the burden on enterprises. ”

Wang Kun's eyes lit up: "This is good news." ”

Xiao Chen smiled: "You thought about things just now, I also thought about it, in fact, the impact of the three major burdens of state-owned enterprises in Northeast China on enterprises should be divided into four situations: first, the strength of the enterprise is very strong, the product market is good, and the three burdens can still be afforded. Second, the enterprise has strong strength, the product has a good market market, but also has a certain benefit, but due to the heavy burden, it is difficult to improve the efficiency, if the three burdens are lifted, it will immediately become a better performance of the enterprise, this kind of enterprise also accounts for a minority; Third, the company's products are not selling well, but they barely maintain production and lose money year after year; Fourth, enterprises that are insolvent and suspend work and production. The latter two cases account for the majority of state-owned enterprises. For the enterprises in the first and second cases, of course, they can travel lightly and become bigger and stronger by removing the burden; For enterprises in the third and fourth cases, they should be restructured, reorganized, or bankrupt according to the circumstances. Therefore, I believe that when the central and provincial governments are relieved of the social and personnel burdens of the state-owned enterprises to which they belong, they should consult with the municipal government where the enterprises are located and give the municipal government policy preferences or financial support, so that the municipal government can have the enthusiasm and ability to accept the burden of divestment of the enterprises under the higher government. Local government fǔ cooperates. In short, governments at all levels must have supporting measures corresponding to various policies of the central government, and reform measures corresponding to the central government must be introduced to support enterprises in terms of funds, policies and other aspects. ”

Wang Kun smiled a little wryly: "Now everyone knows that it is necessary to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises in the northeast region and speed up the pace of adjustment, transformation and development, but how to myth and how to adjust, this is the problem." ”

"What do you think of Secretary Wang?" Xiao Chen asked rhetorically.

"Me? I think that since the CPC Central Committee put forward the strategic decision to revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China, the three provinces in Northeast China have done a lot of work to this end, and have formulated their own revitalization plans one after another, and have won a lot of investment and projects from the central government. But the problem is that there are a lot of new projects in the market, and when these projects are completed, they may fall back into the cycle of state-owned enterprises in the past. In order to prevent the emergence of a new strange circle, I think that the political authorities of the three northeastern provinces should really make great efforts to promote market-oriented reforms, realize institutional innovation, establish an effective and lasting institutionalized incentive system, maximize the independent power to promote economic development, and solve the problem of the internal lasting power of economic development, which is the fundamental way out for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Removing obstacles to market-oriented reform and perfecting the market economic system is a long-term and fundamental system building. It is necessary to make great efforts to conscientiously translate the concept of market economy into market-oriented policies, and then into down-to-earth actions in order to be effective. The revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China is a huge social system project, and there is a lot of important work to be done, but the most important and fundamental thing is to solve the problem of lasting power for economic development. ”

Wang Kun saw that Xiao Chen was lost in thought, did not speak, and added: "Comrade Zhengfeng is in the car behind, but I know his opinion on this issue." He also believes that the biggest support for the revitalization of the manufacturing industry in the old industrial base in Northeast China lies not in how much input is provided, but in how much market is provided. Whether it is the import of capital or the export of the market, it ultimately comes down to the issue of institutional innovation. If the system is not innovative and the mechanism is not flexible, not only will it be impossible to raise funds and use them effectively, but it will also solidify the original unreasonable industrial structure, resulting in huge costs for resources. Therefore, to expand the import of capital and the export of markets, it is necessary to reform the system and conversion mechanism. Comrade Zhengfeng held that in order to revitalize the northeast, it is necessary to further readjust the ownership structure, and we should not only adopt conventional weapons such as blood transfusion and support, but should carry out structural adjustment on a large scale, and let a number of state-owned enterprises withdraw from competitive fields and absorb strategic investors into the country. The biggest institutional obstacle to the revitalization of Northeast China is to use the model of planned economy to solve the problems left over from the era of planned economy, and it is necessary to explore a new method of market economy. ”

Xiao Chen nodded silently, thought for a while, and said: "I won't talk about the provincial enterprises for the time being, just say that the adjustment and transformation tasks of the central enterprises in the Northeast region should be divided into two goals. Short-term goals: Strive to pass about two years, by the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the central enterprises in Northeast China will basically solve the problems left over from history; the main business will be more prominent, the efficiency will be further improved, the capital structure will be significantly optimized, and the capital situation will be significantly improved; Breakthroughs have been made in enterprise reform, a standardized corporate governance structure has been established, and an economic operation mechanism that meets the requirements of market development has been basically established. Medium and long-term goals: on the basis of the development of the first two years, more than five years of efforts, by the end of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the core competitiveness of enterprises will be further enhanced, a number of enterprises will enter the international advanced ranks, and enterprises will realize the diversification of investment subjects. The control, influence and driving force of central enterprises have been significantly enhanced, and the supporting and driving role of a number of enterprises in the national economy and regional economic development has been significantly enhanced, and they have international competitiveness. ”

Speaking of this, Xiao Chen changed his words: "Of course, the market problem is a big problem, and we must improve the factor market system with the goal of further enhancing the advantageous industries of the old industrial base in Northeast China." ”

He paused, stretched out his right hand and made a "six" gesture: "To revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China, the state has invested 60 billion yuan. However, in order to carry out the upgrading of the overall industry, there is a lack of a large amount of funds. The way to obtain funds is to use financial innovation tools to establish industrial investment funds. There are two ways to carry out the cào work: one way is to issue fund coupons to the society according to the model of the fund, and the private fund is managed by a professional management agency and invest in the company to be listed. In this way, it can promote the listing of enterprises and recover investment, which not only enables the fund to have rolling development, but also achieves the purpose of solving the lack of funds in Northeast China. However, at present, the Fund Law does not have the content of industrial funds, and there are no relevant provisions. It is necessary to ask the state for policies to realize the industrial fund. Another way is to engage in the form of a corporate system, similar to a sī fund. After the fund is set up, it is handed over to a certain securities company to manage, and the fund can be listed in the development, and the organization of the fund and the listing are linked, so that the fund is socialized, and the purpose of industrial investment is also achieved. If we implement the above two kinds of financial innovation, the industries in Northeast China can be considered from the effect of the industry, form an industrial chain, and form the advantageous industries of the three provinces in Northeast China. ”

Wang Kun's understanding of finance is far inferior to Xiao Chen, and he plans to hide this problem, so he asked: "Financial matters, let's not talk about it first, now the problem is still industry, we are an old industrial base, how to get this industry up, is a big problem, Xiao Chen, you have always been good at this, what are your suggestions?" ”

Xiao Chen stretched out a finger: "Taking the new road of industrialization is the only way to revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China." ”

"New industrialization?" Wang Kun looked at Xiao Chen, and the meaning of suspicion was obvious.

Xiao Chen nodded: "First of all, the new industrialization road is different from the traditional industrialization road, and its essence can be summarized as high, good, low, few, excellent, suitable, and order. High refers to high technology content; Good refers to good economic benefits and good social benefits; Low refers to low resource consumption; Less refers to maintaining ecological balance and less environmental pollution; Excellent means that the advantages of human resources are fully exerted; Appropriate refers to a moderate rate of industrialization; The preface refers to the preface of 'agriculture and importance' advocated by Máo Zedong and the 'food, clothing and use' advocated by Zheng Nanxun, specifically referring to the development scale and speed of the latter based on the former. The first five words are mainly qualitatively prescriptive, and the appropriate and orderly are mainly quantitative prescriptive. The new road to industrialization is a unity of quality and quantity. We cannot simply regard industrialization as quantitative prescriptiveness and ignore qualitative prescriptiveness. In particular, I would like to say that in different stages of economic development, there are differences in the status and role of industrialization in terms of quality and quantity. In the conditions of a shortage economy, the expansion of volume is the dominant and main aspect; In the basic situation of a buyer's market, qualitative improvement has become the dominant and main aspect.

Second, how to design a timetable for China's basic industrialization According to the above division of industrialization stages, the introduction of machine production in China from the Westernization Movement at the end of the 19th century (after 1860) to 1969 can be regarded as the pre-industrial stage of China. In 1970, the proportion of industrial output in China's GDP exceeded that of agriculture, and this year can be regarded as the end of China's pre-industrialization stage and its entry into the early stage of industrialization. In 1997, China's agricultural output fell to less than 20% of GDP, and in 1996, it can be seen that China has completed the initial stage of industrialization. The year 1997 can be regarded as the year when China entered the middle stage of industrialization. According to the average annual decline rate of 0.86 percentage points, by 2010, the proportion of China's agricultural output value in GDP can drop to 10%, entering the post-industrialization stage. According to the current development rate, by 2020, Huaxia can be said to have basically achieved industrialization. ”

"But the proportion of industry in our northeast is relatively high...... So now it's a big problem, huh? Wang Kun was a little strange.

Xiao Chen nodded and said with a slight smile: "Secretary Wang said well, by comparing the different characteristics of the east and the west, we can see that the essence of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China is a process of reindustrialization. The revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China is a problem of redevelopment and redevelopment in areas with relatively declining economies. Therefore, its essence is a process of re-industrialization, and the essence of re-industrialization is the process of economic redevelopment in areas that have a relatively high degree of industrialization but are facing development difficulties. ”

Wang Kun still frowned: "I'm still the same old problem, what should I do?" ”

"Hmm......" Xiao Chen thought for a while and organized the language: "We should increase the transformation and construction of central enterprises in Northeast China, and cultivate and upgrade advantageous industrial bases in a hierarchical manner." The construction and transformation of enterprises should be divided into the following four levels: First, concentrate on building oil and gas, iron and steel, automobile and shipbuilding production bases, cultivate the core competitiveness of enterprises, become large enterprises with international competitiveness, and give full play to the control, influence and driving force of enterprises in the national economy, regional economy and industry. Second, speed up the pace of construction and transformation of petroleum and petrochemical, major technical equipment, micro vehicles, civil aircraft and helicopters, automobile engines, aero engines, etc., optimize the product structure, improve market competitiveness, and further establish the dominant position of Harbin Electric Power, First Heavy Industries, Bohai Rim Shipbuilding, Hafei, Dongan Engine and other enterprises in the industry. Third, it is necessary to further intensify the technological transformation of military enterprises, raise the level of technological and equipment modernization of military enterprises, speed up structural adjustment, cultivate and develop a number of leading civilian products, and enhance their ability to adapt to the market. The military industry should deepen reform, establish an innovative mechanism for integrating military and civilian use and integrating military with civilian use, strengthen the development and production of civilian products, realize the mutual promotion and coordinated development of national defense science and technology and civilian science and technology, and improve the overall strength and technical level of the military industry. Fourth, other enterprises should be market-oriented, increase technological transformation around leading products, improve product quality, reduce energy and raw material consumption, reduce production costs, and promote product upgrading; Give full play to the advantages of talents and technology, carry out professional cooperation around large enterprises, and develop into a specialized enterprise with the advantages of economies of scale. In areas with intensive technology and talent for development, we should cultivate and develop high-tech industries and optimize the industrial structure. In addition, according to the actual situation, the key direction of technological transformation should be clarified, and a large number of enterprises will gradually get out of the predicament, regain their vigor and vitality, and gradually establish their due position in market competition by intensifying the intensity of technological transformation. ”

"We also know the importance of the equipment manufacturing industry, and we also want to do it, but it is also a bit difficult to get started." Secretary Wang Kun also sighed a little: "Besides, your words are broad, Liaofei is from Liao'an, and I don't have such an ace military industry in Xianglin." ”

Xiao Chen was slightly embarrassed, laughed dryly, and then said: "Secretary Wang, whether the old industrial base in Northeast China can change the 'regional concentration of enterprises' to 'industrial agglomeration' in the equipment manufacturing industry is one of the most important factors determining the development prospects of the equipment manufacturing industry in the region. Therefore, the industrial policy of the old industrial base in Northeast China must change from supporting the leading enterprises in the leading industries to promoting the integration of the industrial chain, and actively cultivate the competitive advantages of industrial clusters. I believe that industrial agglomeration is actually a form of industrial spatial organization formed by the industry to adapt to the new trend of economic development and create competitive advantages, which is the external appearance of a country's industrial development in the social process of industrialization or post-industrialization, and the internal driving force of industrial agglomeration derived from the international industrial development trend is the group competitive advantage of industrial agglomeration and the scale efficiency of industrial agglomeration development. ”

When he said this, he slowed down his tone and said solemnly: "Therefore, the whole country is a game of chess, and the Northeast is also a small whole, and it is also a game of chess, and the revitalization of the Northeast is to follow the situation of the whole country, and Liao'an, Xianglin, are all important parts of the Northeast, I hope that the provinces can consider the entire Northeast as a whole to consider the problem, for this point, the central government is quite important." ”

Xiao Chen's words were a little unkind, but Wang Kun was awe-inspiring in his heart!

How could a young man in his early thirties speak with such courage that he gave birth to an illusion in his heart, as if the young high-ranking official in front of him had become the "King of the Northeast" and was pointing out the country in front of him!