"I'm sure I know Oh.!"

At this time, Tang Qinghua smiled embarrassedly: "I just don't understand, for no reason, Qianma wants to posthumously seal a monk." ”

"Can he be called the prime minister of the silk clothes, will he be an ordinary monk?" Yu Feibai said disdainfully: "When I entered the court, I wore the clothes of princes and nobles; When he went down to court, he wore a robe. When Emperor Yongle of Ming Chengzu saw him, he was not called by name, but by young master, prince and young master. ”

"Then what's the matter with Emperor Xuande?" Tang Qinghua muttered.

At this time, Wang Guan understood a little, and smiled lightly: "Qinghua, do you know who Emperor Xuande is?" ”

"Surely I know." Tang Qinghua nodded and said: "A very ridiculous emperor in the Ming Dynasty seems to like a folk woman named Sister Feng, and he favors the great eunuch Liu Jin, which caused King Ning to rebel, and finally fell into the water and died......"

When everyone heard this, they were stunned.

"Haha......"

After half a ring, Yu Feibai laughed wildly, panting and said, "Qinghua, you are deliberately amused, right?" That's obviously Emperor Zhengde, how can you confuse him with his ancestor Emperor Xuande. ”

"That's two?"

Tang Qinghua was a little surprised, and then his face turned red. It's pitiful, he is really not ignorant, but when he heard everyone's call, his first impression was Emperor Zhengde.

"Qinghua, Emperor Xuande of the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Zhengde of the Ming Wuzong are indeed two entries, and the difference is a hundred years." Wang Guan smiled and said: "Xuande Emperor Zhu Zhanji, that is the fifth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, he is the grandson of Emperor Yongle. Legend has it that when Yongle Emperor Zhu Di was still the King of Yan, he dreamed that Zhu Yuanzhang gave him a big gui. ”

"In ancient times, Dagyu symbolized power. Zhu Yuanzhang gave Dagui to Zhu Di, indicating that he wanted to hand over the country to him. It was a very coincidence that after Zhu Di woke up, he heard the report that his grandson was born. This grandson was the later Emperor Xuande. ”

At this time, Wang Guan smiled and said: "It's also interesting to say, Zhu Di hates his eldest son, that is, Zhu Gaochi, the later Emperor Hongxi of Mingrenzong. Because Zhu Gaochi is very obese, he has to be supported when he walks. This is a shame for the heroic and majestic Zhu Di to give birth to such a son. ”

In addition, Zhu Di's second son, Zhu Gaoxu, is quite similar to him, and he is brave in battle, has a high prestige among the generals, and has made many great contributions in the Battle of Jingjing. Zhu Di also promised to pass on the country to his second son. ”

Wang Guan gestured: "The eldest son is weak, and the second son is heroic. It is with this contrast that after Zhu Di seized the country, he began to struggle, who should he pass the throne to? However, Zhu Di did not worry for long, because Zhu Gaochi gave birth to a good son. As the eldest grandson, Emperor Xuande has been extremely sensitive and intelligent since he was a child, and he is deeply loved by Zhu Di. In the process of considering the succession to the throne, the smooth transition of the third generation also occupies a very important factor. ”

"This is the so-called good saint grandson, it is said that the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty passed on the throne to the Yongzheng Emperor, largely considering the intelligence of the Qianlong Emperor." Yu Feibai added next to him.

"Getting back to business, anyway, during Zhu Di's reign, he made several expeditions to Mobei and let the prince stay in the capital. Monk Daoyan undertook the guidance and reading of the prince and grandson, and it is not an exaggeration to call it the three generations of emperors. ”

Wang Guan groaned: "Therefore, after Emperor Xuande ascended the throne, it is not a strange thing to miss the teachings of the monk Daoyan and cast a big furnace for some monks to worship him. ”

"That's right, that's right." Pi Qiushi nodded and said: "Monk Daoyan and Zhu Di are also teachers and friends, after he died, Zhu Di also built a tomb tower for him and erected a Shinto monument." The stele tower is on the other side of Fangshan, and I have been there before. ”

"Don't talk about it, talk about the stove!" Tang Qinghua was very embarrassed, and hurriedly changed the topic: "How should such a big stove be made?" ”

"An eight-foot-tall tripod can be built, let alone a three-foot-tall furnace." Yu Feibai said casually: "Tsinghua, don't underestimate Gu Jin, but anything that can be made by hand, for Gu Jin, there is only something that cannot be imagined, and nothing can not be done." ”

"I'm asking about craftsmanship." Tang Qinghua said angrily: "Don't talk about anything else." ”

"Craft ......" Yu Fei's white eyes flickered, and he said blindly: "This is how to build it, dig a pit in the ground, make a model, pour the burnt copper juice into it, and then cool and polish it." ”

"Cut, don't think I don't know, this is the practice of Yongle Bell." Tang Qinghua said disdainfully: "Don't forget, when we were still visiting the Great Bell Temple together, I was also listening to it when I went home to explain." ”

"The furnace is about the same as the bell." Yu Fei said with a white mouth.

"Sure enough, it's blind to ask you." Tang Qinghua cut a sigh, turned around and asked: "Old Qian, tell me how the big furnace is cast." ”

"It's hard to say."

At this time, Qian Lao observed the furnace intently, heard the voice of inquiry, and only reacted after a few seconds, and said with a gentle smile: "There are three traditional casting processes in China, namely the clay method, the iron method and the lost wax method. The Yongle bell is cast using the clay method, and as for this furnace, it needs to be carefully studied to know the answer. ”

"However, in general, smaller stoves are made using the lost-wax method. According to historical records, the batch of Xuande furnaces manufactured in the Xuande era of the Ming Dynasty were made of yellow wax as mold blanks, and they were finally formed after dozens of processes such as loading gates, feeding, boiling wax, baking molds, casting and grinding. ”

Qian Lao talked eloquently: "During this period, refining twelve times is the foundation, and when the furnace is formed, it is soaked in special mercury. After soaking for dozens of years, wait until the mercury seeps into the copper bone, and then take it out and then smelt and bake. It is through this mercury soaking process that the furnace body will show bright color light and treasure color. ”

"After that, it's time to seep into the red gold. In the process of smelting, the purified gold powder is sprinkled on the surface of the furnace body, and then under the high temperature burning, the gold powder slowly penetrates into the furnace, and some changes will also occur, showing a brilliant color effect. ”

Speaking of this, Qian Lao was also a little amazed: "It is after these special processes that the final Xuande furnace will be brilliant." Although after a period of time, the treasure light will converge, but after playing for a while, it will re-reveal the dazzling and dazzling light, which is beautiful. ”

"It is recognized by the world that the most wonderful color of Xuande furnace is that its color melts and can shine from the gloom. And after being burned on the fire for a long time, the colors are brilliant and changeable, and they shine brightly. As he said this, Qian Lao looked at the furnace in front of him dizzily, and his eyes exuded ripples of surprise.

"Old Money...... What do you mean? This, is it really a Xuande furnace? Yu Feibai couldn't believe it: "Such a big one...... Unlikely. ”

"Why can't it be?" Qian Lao smiled and said: "Back then, Emperor Xuande ordered the casting of a batch of incense burners, some said that more than three or five thousand were cast, and some said that more than 10,000 were cast. Most of these incense burners were displayed in various parts of the court, and a small part was also rewarded and distributed to the emperor's relatives, as well as prominent ministers and various temples where incense was flourishing. ”

"Back then, the monk Daoyan once lived in Qingshou Temple for 20 years, and even died in the temple. Because of him, the incense of this temple is very vigorous, and it is also one of the famous temples in the capital, so it is natural that it is also qualified to be given an incense burner. Therefore, there is no need to question the origin of this furnace. As for the specifications of the stove......"

Qian Lao shook his head lightly and said, "Feibai, who told you that the Xuande furnace can only be delicate and small, not so tall?" ”

"The specifications of the real furnace that have been handed down, as well as the research ...... historical materials," Yu Feibai wanted to explain, but Qian Lao interrupted.

"Feibai, you are just blinded by historical research."

Qian Laowei sighed and said: "You must know that after the Xuande furnace is burned, it is destined to be a royal item for the palace, and only a small part of it flows into the people. However, everything that flows into the people is in the hands of high-ranking officials and magnates, and ordinary people who enter the people have no chance to see it at all, so how can they know the details of it, and they can't talk about research. ”

"Then, in the late Ming Dynasty Chongzhen period, the Ming Dynasty was superior to external troubles, years of war, the treasury was empty, Chongzhen sent all kinds of bronzes in the inner treasury to the Baoyuan Bureau, and took them to smelt coins, including the bronzes of the three dynasties of antiquity and the Xuande period." Qian Lao smiled bitterly: "In this case, whether there are more than 10,000 Xuande furnaces or 35,000 pieces, it is estimated that there will not be much left." Even if it is said that the Ming court left a part of the real furnace, but after the incident of Li Zicheng attacking the capital and the Manchu iron cavalry entering the customs, this part of the real furnace may also be gone. ”

This is also the reason why in the Kang Yongqian period, a large number of imitations of Xuande furnace appeared. The main thing is that the real thing is gone, and I can only cast some imitations to masturbate. ”

Qian Lao shook his head and continued: "In other words, everyone can't be sure if the Xuande Furnace has a large furnace of this shape. There may have been larger models, but they have not survived, and only a few small real furnaces survived the turmoil. Therefore, Shijin made imitations based on these small stoves, and over time, everyone felt that there was no big furnace in Xuande furnace. ”

"Well, it's not impossible to ......" Yu Feibai faltered.

"Feibai, you don't have to think about what model."

At this time, Qian Lao smiled and said: "If this is a Xuande furnace, how will you identify the authenticity?" ”

"Look at the casting process, copper, style, color and skin......" Yu Feibai listed, and then said embarrassedly: "Of course, I know that I look at it this way, as for whether I can see it accurately, it's another matter." ”

I didn't laugh at him, because the others couldn't be pinched. The genuine Xuande furnace is a mystery, and so far, there is no recognized standard in the world for reference and comparison. Even if it is certain that this furnace was made during the Xuande period, it may not be the Xuande furnace that everyone believes...... (To be continued)

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