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In chemistry, the term base metal refers to metals that are more susceptible to oxidation or corrosion. Therefore, the coverage of base metals is very wide, and the metals we usually see such as iron, nickel, aluminum, zinc, tin, tungsten, lead, and copper all belong to the category of base metals. Among them, copper is a metal with relatively high economic value among base metals.

At present, the world's copper mineable reserves are about 470 million tons, and the reserve base is also 930 million tons.

In terms of regional distribution, there are five main regions with the richest copper reserves in the world, one is the western foothills of the Andes Mountains at the junction of Peru and Chile in South America; One is the Daping Valley area near Los Angeles in the western United States; One is Congo and Zambia in Africa; One is Kazakhstan in Central Asia; Then there's the eastern and central regions of Canada.

Of all the countries in the world, Chile and the United States have the largest reserves of mineable copper. Chile accounts for nearly 30% of the world's copper reserves, with 150 million tonnes of mineable copper reserves alone and 360 million tonnes of proven base reserves.

The vast majority of Chile's copper resources are concentrated in the porphyry copper-molybdenum-gold mineralized belt in the central and northern regions, which extends more than 2,000 kilometers from north to south, from the Andean Plateau Mountains in the north, to the coast mountain range south of Santiago in the middle, and then to the east to close to the border with Argentina, which is equivalent to one-half of the length of Chile's territory.

In this mineralized belt, there are more than 400 deposits, including more than 10 large and super-large deposits, such as the world-famous Chuqui Camata, Ertenist, El Salvador Mine, Andina Mine, Eggundida Mine, Los Blonces Mine, etc. The overburden of these deposits is relatively thin, the hydrogeological conditions are good, and it is easy to mine and select. Moreover, the ore has a high copper content. Copper grades range from 0.55-5% with an average grade of 0.94%.

It is arguably the place with the highest concentration of copper in the world. It's not an exaggeration to say that Tang Feng is now lying on a copper vein!

In particular, more than 300 kilometers south of Kalama, the Esgundida copper mine, which has replaced the Chuquikamata copper mine as the world's largest copper mine. The Esgundida copper mining area is a group of porphyry copper deposits that extends up to 18 kilometers from north to south and about 3 kilometers wide from east to west.

In this group of copper deposits, the reserves of copper ore are as high as 4.16 billion tons. The average grade is 0.76% and the total copper reserves are up to 31 million tonnes. Even the planned copper-rich ore is mined at a rate of 660 million tonnes with an average grade of 2.12%.

Discovered in 1981, this super copper mine is the world's cheapest copper mine to mine and produce at the lowest cost, producing 1.2 million tonnes of copper a year. The mine consists of two super open pit stopes, two concentrators, an oxide ore heap leaching site, a low-grade sulphide ore heap leaching plant and a solvent extraction/electrode plant. The total investment in the mine is $5.64 billion, but the direct operating cost of copper in the mine is only 60.8 cents/pound copper, which translates to a metric unit, and the direct production cost of a ton of 99.95% pure copper is just under $1,350!

Of course, the largest shareholder of this super copper mine is BHP Billiton. This company owns a 57.5% controlling stake in the Esgundida copper mine, so it is necessary to build this super copper mine!

Tang Feng knows very well that BHP Billiton has made a lot of money in this super copper mine, even if the cost of beneficiation and electrolysis is included, the overall cost of pure copper produced from this super copper mine will not be higher than 2,500 US dollars / ton, so in the past few decades, BHP Billiton has passed this super copper mine. But in the world crazy to grab a lot of profits.

Now that the master is here, I'm sorry. This copper mine also has to laugh at a part of everything.

What's mine is mine, yours, and if I like it, then it's mine too!

In the dead of night, Tang Feng quietly activated the star core, and it was a moment. The group of copper deposits more than 300 kilometers away was immediately taken into view by all the star cores that had activated the transformation function.

I have to say that this is really a treasure land!

With a width of 30 kilometers and a depth of 20 kilometers, this survey area is enough to enclose the entire Esgundida copper mine. And judging from the data given by the star core, the copper reserves of the Esgundida copper mine are far more than the proven reserves.

A few hundred meters below the two super copper pits, which are hundreds of meters deep, there are still large areas of copper-rich minerals, and their reserves far exceed the proven reserves of the Eggundida copper mine.

The star core gives the data. The copper deposit hidden in the ground, the copper ore reserves with a copper grade of more than 4% alone are as high as 1.2 billion tons, which is more than 48 million tons when converted into copper reserves!

Obviously, this layer of copper-rich ore has not been surveyed by BHP Billiton, and if they did, then the reserves of this super copper mine would not be 31 million tons, but 80 million tons!

Such a good copper mine, it is definitely missed and not let go, since we have found it, you have not found it, then okay, it's all Lao Tzu!

Of course, if you want to carry such a large deposit at one time, even if the star core no longer has all the restrictions on the carrying of ore veins, it still consumes a lot of energy. This is a super copper mine with copper ore reserves of more than 1.2 billion tons!

The estimate given by the star core is that in order to directly carry away the functions carried by this super copper mine through the ore veins, at least 37% of the star core's stored energy is required. This is almost four times the energy of the tripolar core when it is fully charged, and it can almost split into two star cores.

Even if this kind of consumption is Tang Feng, he can't help but feel a little toothy.

The star core is cool to use, but it is bitter to replenish energy after it is cool. ! Looking for radioactive elements all over the earth, you have to beware of being suspected by others, this is really not a good job!

However, the star core also gave another data, that is, if the ore vein carrying function is used, then the energy required to transport such a super copper mine only needs 9% energy storage, which is only a quarter of the energy required to use the ore vein carrying function!

The star core is not omnipotent, everything needs energy to support, so when the star core uses the vein carrying function to carry this super giant ore vein, it will naturally consume more energy.

Tang Feng thought about it, and finally gave up the idea of using the vein carrying function to directly transport that layer of copper-rich ore away. If you don't use the method of consuming less energy, do you have to use this method that consumes a lot of energy? Anyway, this layer of copper-rich ore can't be discovered in a month or two, and after Lao Tzu returns to Bolivia to deal with the Mutong iron mine, it's not too late to use the vein to move you over! (To be continued......)