readx;

It is a portrayal of Hagia Sophia's combination of various architectural styles. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info+, the minaret which is the ceiling decoration of the entrance hall and vault. Entrance HallIstanbulHagia Sophia, Entrance Hall, Vaulted Istanbul Hagia Sophia, Emperor's Gate from the entrance hall to the main hall.

The most striking is the mosaic mosaic collage of Jesus Gives Peace above the door. The mosaics of Hagia Sophia were covered for more than 400 years until 1935, when it was converted into a museum. In this painting, Christ is seated on a throne with a gesture of blessing in his right hand and the Gospel in his left hand.

It is written in Greek: Give you peace, and the clouds fall as the light of the world. The Virgin and the Archangel are depicted on the inside of the circle on either side of Christ, and the Byzantine Emperor Leo VI is prostrate on the ground, a 9th-century work intended to show that the ruler of the Byzantine Empire was the worldly agent of Christ.

The Emperor's Gate mosaic Istanbul Hagia Sophia enters the cathedral, and its majesty and majesty are breathtaking. The central hall has a huge dome, 33 meters in diameter and 55 meters above the ground at the top, but it does not appear to have any pillars to support it, in fact it is supported by 40 huge pillars underneath.

The pillars are cleverly concealed inside the interior walls. Yunluo was fortunate enough to watch a documentary on Central Channel 9, which specifically introduced the supporting role of these columns using the principles of mechanics, reflecting the extraordinary creativity of the physicist Isidore of Miletus and the mathematician Antimos of Trallus, who presided over the construction of the columns.

Standing under the huge dome, it gives people the feeling that the vast sky is enveloping the world, and it is said that the designer wanted people to look up to the sacredness and beauty of the heavenly realm. It is a pity that the scaffolding that has been repaired has affected the beauty of the hall and the photography of visitors. It's a terrible view. At first, I thought that Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi were unlucky, and they were meeting maintenance.

It was later learned that this scaffolding has been around for more than 20 years. In 1985, Istanbul's cultural district, where Hagia Sophia is located, was named a "World Cultural Heritage" by the United Nations. In 1993, a UNESCO mission noted that the maintenance of Hagia Sophia was not in place.

Same. The museum has erected scaffolding for refurbishment under its dome, and this "temporary" structure has always existed in the museum. From 1996 to 1998, the Ayasophia Museum was also selected by the World Cultural Heritage Fund as one of its Top 100 Endangered Heritage Sites. Today, the Ayasophia Museum welcomes about 2.5 million foreign visitors a year.

With Istanbul's election as the European Capital of Culture in 2010, the restoration of Hagia Sophia was put back on the agenda. The dismantling of the scaffolding, which weighs 160 tons, seems to be just around the corner. I hope that when my friends go in the back, this scaffolding has been removed, so that this magnificent hall has a clean and refreshing environment.

The photographic angle of this photograph in the central hall is often chosen by photographers, which just avoids scaffolding and allows for a clear view of the delicate wall design. The walls of the church are decorated with stained glass mosaics on a gold background, and the floors, walls, and columns are all colored marble. The capitals, arches, cornices, etc. are all decorated with carvings.

The edge of the dome has 40 chandeliers, and the altar is inlaid with ivory, silver and jade. The mosaic "Madonna and Child" on the semi-dome of Hagia Sophia Istanbul in the central hall is a brilliant work of art and the Christian architectural style is evident in the atrium of the church.

Madonna and Child mosaic of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, a small gold-carved platform dedicated to the Sultan's prayer space. In the past, the Sultan stood on a high platform and could see the entire interior of Hagia Sophia. However, this high platform can only be seen from a distance. Visitors are not allowed to enter.

The Sultan Special Istanbul Hagia Sophia is a Minba pulpit that was erected by Murat III in the 16th century. The base is marble and is typical of the Ottoman style. There are side halls on both sides of the central hall of the Mingdao pulpit, which are now used to display exhibits. Hagia Sophia is a rectangular colonnaded building.

With a length of 735 meters and a width of 695 meters, in terms of size, it is located after the Basilica of San Pierre and the Duomo of Milan in Seville. It is ranked third in the world and is one of the ten largest cathedrals in the world. Ground floor side hall Istanbul Hagia Sophia This is the Mahmoud I Library, located on the right side of the first floor.

It is a facility added in the late Ottoman period. Its iron lattice door, beautifully carved, once housed 5,000 Ottoman manuscripts. These manuscripts are now preserved in the Topkapi Palace. Mahmoud I Library Istanbul Hagia Sophia winds its way up from a dim, narrow rubble-paved ramp on one side of the church.

Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi came to the cloister on the second floor, which surrounded the church on three sides and was U-shaped. Cloister on the second floor Hagia Sophia Istanbul on the second floor Cloister Hagia Sophia Istanbul From the cloister on the second floor overlooking the hall, you can clearly see a large disc with gold letters on a black background written in Arabic gold.

Zhou Xiken told Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi that one of them was written "Muhammad", and Allah and the Prophet, and Yunluo had forgotten who was who. It is said to have been written by the great calligraphers of the Islamic world in the 19th century. These discs give this magnificent building a deep Islamic imprint.

The large disc of Arabic gold hanging in the central hall Istanbul Hagia Sophia Istanbul looks up from the cloister on the second floor and can clearly see a circle of 40 window openings at the bottom of the dome. The intricate floral ornaments and the glass windows with varying colors and textures also show the Christian architectural style.

This dome has survived many major earthquakes without collapsing, and is closely related to the ultra-light bricks burned by craftsmen from Rhodes in the Aegean Sea. The fresco on the wall of the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, which dome the central hall, has a whirling dance in the middle, which is known because you have seen a live dance in Cappadocia.

The cloister on the second floor of Hagia Sophia Istanbul in the frescoes has many delicate and delicate mosaics, which are one of the most important works of art from the Byzantine era. This "Prayer Map" is one of the representative works of Orthodox iconography. Jesus is in the center, with a gesture of blessing.

Our Lady is on the left, and although there is only a remnant picture, the look of compassion on her face is still clearly visible; John was on the right, with a grim expression. The image below is a modern restoration. Zhou Xiken said that this kind of icon painting is inlaid with gold. Byzantine period icon 1 Restoration of Hagia Sophia Istanbul 1.

This mosaic of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul is titled "Emperor John II Komneens and His Wife with the Virgin and Child". The Madonna in the middle in a dark blue robe is considered the best icon of the Virgin. In addition, Emperor John II Komnenos and Empress Irina wore crowns and jewel-encrusted garments, which were exceptionally exquisite.

The emperor held a bag of gold in his hand, while the empress held a scroll with a pious face. Byzantine Iconography 2 Hagia Sophia in Istanbul This icon is titled Christ and Emperor Zovi. Christ sits on the throne in the middle, with the female emperor Zovi on the right and his third husband, Constantine IX, on the left.

Zovi was married three times in her life, and it is said that the head of her husband in this mosaic was also changed three times. Wealth (a bag of gold) and the emperor's right to govern in the world in Christ's place (paper scrolls) are the most representative offerings in mosaics. Byzantine period icon painting 3 Istanbul Hagia Sophia actually.

The exhibits of the Hagia Sophia Museum are mainly the building itself and the mosaics in it, and it has to be said that the mosaics of the Byzantine period are indeed exquisite. This is a ramp from the first floor to the cloister on the second floor, which retains the original quaintness. The ramp that leads to the upper cloister, Hagia Sophia Istanbul, which is a mosaic above the entrance door of the church.

It is said that it is considered proof that Hagia Sophia became the Orthodox Church. The painting is titled "Offering Saint Sophia to the Virgin". Our Lady is the patron saint of Constantinople. In the painting, Emperor Justinian holds the Hagia Sophia and Emperor Constantine holds the city of Constantine, showing that they have fulfilled their duties to the church and the state.

Although the painting is made of mosaic mosaics, the silk robe worn by the Madonna and the purple robes worn by the two emperors still have a draping feeling, showing the artist's exquisite technique at the end of the 10th century. At the exit, the icon painting of Istanbul Hagia Sophia saw the picture of two children hugging at the exit, and the girl was a little passive.

Adorable little friend in the garden in front of Hagia Sophia Cathedral in Istanbul. There were many tourists resting, and the sisters liked the girl's outfit. Her clothes are bright in the local area, and the bloomers are also a local specialty. Cute Turkish Teen Istanbul 3.

Fascinated by the colors of the Blue Mosque, less than 200 meters from Hagia Sophia to the Blue Mosque, are located on Ahmet Square, and the minarets of these two buildings add up to a total of 10 and make up the most beautiful sky in Istanbul. Sultanahmet Square, Istanbul Sultanahmet Square.

Designed by Muhammad Agha, one of the best architects of the Ottoman Empire, the Blue Mosque of Istanbul is named after the stunning color of the Iznik blue tiles in the sun. It is also one of the most famous landmarks in Istanbul.

The real name of the Blue Mosque is the Sultan Ahmet I Mosque. Sultan Ahmet I (r. 1603-1617) was determined to build a mosque comparable to the Hagia Sophia, construction of which began in 1609 and was completed in 1616. Ahmed I died a year after the mosque was built, at the age of 28.

It can be described as an untimely death. The entire building is made of large stones stacked on top of each other, without the use of a single iron nail. The structure of the building is rigorous, the appearance is unique, and it has survived several major earthquakes in the past 400 years. The mosque is surrounded by six minarets, which are 43 meters high and reach into the sky, giving people a great visual impact.

It is said that the proposal to build six minarets was made by Ahmet I himself in order to make the Blue Mosque surpass Hagia Sophia in all aspects of its architectural specifications. However, this suggestion was opposed by many Islamic scholars, because the mosque with six minarets at the time was the Haram al-Haram in Mecca.

Mosques elsewhere cannot be compared to Mecca. Ahmed I decided to erect a 7th minaret for the Haram al-Haram, and as a result, the Blue Mosque became the only mosque in the world with six minaret minarets. The Blue Mosque Istanbul Blue Mosque is layered at the top.

Many domes of various sizes, with a large dome in the middle, surrounded by 4 smaller domes, and an additional 30 smaller domes. Under the blue sky and white clouds, the shape is elegant, and the big round and small circle arranged on the top of the temple are good-looking. The Blue Mosque Dome Istanbul Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi enter a rectangular courtyard first.

Inside, the marble pillars are connected by arches. The vault is topped by 30 small domes, and the fountain for baptism occupies the center of the inner courtyard. Here, ladies must wear a headscarf and remove their shoes before entering the main hall. Interior view of the courtyard of the Blue Mosque Istanbul The courtyard of the Blue Mosque of Istanbul Basilica is 72 meters long.

It is 64 meters wide and can accommodate 3,500 people to worship at the same time. The temple is supported by four massive marble columns with a diameter of 22 meters in the central dome. The Great Dome has a semicircular dome with a diameter of 55 meters on each of the four sides. Outside the semi-dome, there are three smaller semi-domes that further transmit the force to the piers of the outer wall of the main hall.

Make its structural system reasonable. Suffice it to say, the Blue Mosque is the most majestic of the mosques in the Ottoman Empire. It is listed as one of the top 10 wonders of the world. The Blue Mosque has four attractions: the first is the light. The original feature of the Blue Mosque is its 260 windows that transmit light to light.

The light passing through the small windows on the wall dissolves into the dim, circular glass light, and the light dances like a virtual space. Aspect 1: Men are only allowed in the prayer hall of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul. In this 4,600-square-meter hall, there is nothing but a large chandelier with a disc.

The rest was empty except for the Muslims praying, and the dim light and faint blue light on the walls created a solemn atmosphere. Man inside prayer ground, Blue Mosque of Istanbul, mosque of blue mosque with colorful windows. It is also rare in mosques. Colorful The Blue Mosque of Istanbul is colorful.

The second attraction of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul is the Iznik tiles. The walls of the Blue Mosque, more than 1/3 of its height, are decorated with blue tiles fired by the famous Turkish porcelain town of Iznik, with a total of 21,043 pieces. These porcelain tiles are blue glazed on a white background and are engraved with rich patterns and patterns.

Under the reflection of the light, the blue porcelain tiles make the entire mosque shine with blue light, which is very charming, so people affectionately call it the Blue Mosque. Other attractions Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi are all visiting non-stop, except in the Blue Mosque. Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi sat on the ground, looking up to admire the enchanting colors.

Everyone was reluctant to leave for a long time. Aspect 2: The Charming Colors of Blue Tiles The Blue Mosque of IstanbulThe third attraction is the carpet. The hall is covered with a beautiful Turkish fuchsia carpet. It feels soft and solid, and it is said to be a tribute to Aesopis. Aspect 3: The exquisite red carpet The fourth attraction is the art of Arabic calligraphy.

The four marble columns that support the dome are 5 meters in diameter and have distinct grooves. The Arabic script on the blue background of the column head and the Arabic script on the black background on the column body are very exquisite, and they look like artistic patterns from a distance. Outside the venue of the woman Istanbul Blue Mosque according to the regulations. Women are not allowed to enter the prayer field.

There were many women praying outside the prayer hall. This girl in white has been bowing her head and praying sincerely, which is very eye-catching. Woman praying outside the venue, the female students of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul, who came to visit with the teacher, were borrowed at the door with those light blue headscarves.

The woman outside the venue, the Blue Mosque of Istanbul, is a minaret in the atrium, silently telling visitors the ancient stories of the Blue Mosque in the twilight. In the twilight, the minaret Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi came out of the door of the atrium facing the ancient racecourse. Head to the ancient racecourse. The interior of the porch gate Istanbul Blue Mosque 4 ancient hippodrome legends actually.

The ancient racecourse is next to the Blue Mosque, and the first draft of Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi's itinerary has this attraction, but the second draft cancels this attraction, and it was added after Yunluo and Nalan Shiqi's struggle. The ancient stadium was a place where the ancient emperors and the people had fun. According to records, the old course was 500 meters long.

It is 117 meters wide and U-shaped, with a capacity of 100,000 spectators. In addition to the usual horse racing events, there are also "entertainment" events such as human-animal fights. Today, the ancient racecourse is a tourist attraction, with its fountain pavilion and three monuments in the square attracting visitors from all over the world for their historical heritage.

These three monuments, erected on the central axis of the square, can be said to be the symbol of the period of the prosperity of the Byzantine Empire. The picture below shows the Obelisk of Theodor West. Around 1500 BC, this megalithic monument was erected in front of a temple in the ancient Egyptian city of Hilegris, built in honor of Pharaoh Thutmose III.

For the development and beautification of the city, Constantine the Great (337-361) wrote a letter to Alexandria, asking them to send the monument to Constantinople. However, the obelisk was left on the beach for a long time until the reign of Theodosius I the Great.

Byzantine craftsmen built a passage between the port and the racecourse, and it took three days to transport the obelisk to the racecourse, and another 32 days to erect the obelisk at this location of the racecourse. The text on the four sides of the obelisk depicts the ambition and achievements of the 18th Pharaoh of Egypt, Thutmose III, in the form of poetry. (To be continued.) )

...