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The pedestal of Angkor Wat has also evolved from a simple pedestal that was flat in the early days to an artistic form of Sumeru, which is wide at the top and bottom and slightly narrow in the middle, forming a girdle; The corset has horizontal ribbed decoration, which is strong and simple. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 The info pedestal also occupies an important position in Chinese classical architecture, and multi-storey pedestals are also a common architectural form.

The biggest difference between the Angkor Wat foundation and the classical Chinese platform is the buildings around the base; The Chinese pedestal is often surrounded by a 1-meter-high lookout pillar and a stone balustrade, while the perimeter of the pedestal of Angkor Wat is surrounded by a 4-5-meter-high stone pillar circular gallery. The multi-storey pedestal of Angkor Wat is several times higher than that of the same number of Chinese pedestals.

The cloister is another prominent architectural feature of Angkor Wat. The cloister of Angkor Wat is made up of three elements, the inner wall and the wall, the outward-facing row of columns and the double eaves of the gallery. In addition to the obvious practical function, these three elements are indispensable for their aesthetic contribution.

The long galleries, with dozens of columns, lined up, add a sense of rhythm to the horizontal space to the overall appearance of Angkor Wat. The heavy eaves of the gallery add a sense of longitudinal rhythm to the exterior of Angkor Wat.

The cloister first appeared on the top pedestal of the sky palace, and developed to the peak of Angkor Wat, with a cloister on each of the three plinths, like the repetition of the melody of the music, step by step, step by step, and finally down to the main center of the pagoda.

There are many kinds of corridors in Angkor Wat, some have stone pillars, and all the corridors with stone pillars have two rows of stone pillars on one side, or two rows of stone pillars on each side, and there is no format of one row on one side or one row on each side. Because the vault of the promenade of Angkor Wat is higher, the top arch structure is not a true arch made of radial wedge-shaped bricks.

Rather, the stone bricks above the two sections of the wall are gradually horizontally displaced, and finally closed in the middle line, and then placed on the stacked arches formed by the capstone. This type of stacked vault has a small span, if there is only a single row of stone columns. It is difficult to prevent rain by relying on a tall and narrow vault alone, so it is necessary to build a side corridor, increase half a vault, and widen the total width of the vault to prevent rain.

Hence the two rows of stone pillars on the same side. One row supports the main vault and the other supports the side gallery vault. Angkor Wat has a double-column corridor must have a unilateral side corridor, and only one side looks like a heavy eaves; Where there are four rows of stone pillars, that is, two rows of stone pillars on each side, there are side corridors on each side; From either side, it is a heavy eaves.

The promenade has two rows of stone columns with one side open and stone walls on the other. The walls of the Angkor Wat promenade are some carved walls, with no windows in the middle, and some open windows. You can look out, and some open decorative straight gourd lattice false windows; The walls between the open windows or between the false windows are decorated with reliefs of goddesses wearing gold crowns and bracelets on their feet.

The access to the cloister is quite elaborate and comes in two forms: a tower gate with a tower and a gallery door without a tower. The porch door is like a pavilion, at right angles to the verandah, extending outward two or three entrances. Each pavilion has a vault and two or three pairs of columns. The top of each entrance has a finely carved lintel and pediment.

The layout of the corridor has three forms: a corridor, a cloister and a cross verandah; The cross verandah is usually combined with the cloister to form the Tianzi Gallery. The form of the corridor from the outer Guo to the top floor is as follows: the outer Guo wall: the straight gourd lattice window double-column heavy eaves corridor.

Grass-roots enclosure: carved screen double-column heavy eaves corridor, middle-level enclosure: straight gourd lattice virtual window single-eaves corridor, top enclosure: open window double-column heavy eaves corridor, top floor, middle floor Tianzi Pavilion: four-column cross heavy eaves verandah. The architects of Angkor Wat skillfully used the space, using long avenues to show a sense of spatial depth and corridors to spread horizontally. It creates a sense of spaciousness of the building.

The perspective of the corridors at different levels is overlapped to construct a sense of heightened height of the building; Although Angkor Wat does not have a large central building, its appearance is comparable to that of a large central building. The stone pagoda with dense eaves under the upper circle of Angkor Wat, the upper layer is solid, and the vault is stacked. The lower floor and the promenade are organically combined to form the tower gate, and a shrine is set up in the tower.

The outline of the circular pagoda is parabolic and surrounds the beautiful lotus eaves of the ** layer. The stone pagoda of Angkor has gone through several stages of development, at the beginning of the 9th century, the pagoda of Angkor was a series of dense eaves towers, and in the 10th century, there were towers arranged on the platform, such as the twin towers of the Cardamom Temple (921) and Dong Mae Phong (951).

The central tower of the Hanging Palace stands on top of an altar with cloister, and the early 11th century Takeo Temple (1001) is a typical ancient Indian Vajra throne tower with five pagodas on a third-order throne. The pagoda and promenade of the temple (1191) were combined to form the Pagoda Gate Corridor, where the prototype of the Angkor Wat Outer Corridor can be seen.

The reason why Angkor Wat is known as the pinnacle of Khmer architectural art is precisely because it organically integrates the pagodas, corridors, cloisters, altars and other elements of early architectural art: the pagoda and the cloister merge into the pagoda cloister, and the pagoda cloister and the altar are integrated into one, and the stack becomes an altar with a multi-story pagoda cloister.

The round carvings of Angkor Wat are not outstanding. The round statues on the pedestal are heavy and rigid, but the reliefs are extremely delicate and realistic. There are reliefs on the inner walls of the cloister and on the columns, stone walls, cornerstones, window lintels, and railings.

The content is mainly about the legend of the Hindu god Vishnu, based on the Hindu epics "Mahabharata" and "Ramayana" and the Hindu myth "Milk Sea", as well as secular scenes such as war, royal travel, cooking, crafts, agricultural activities, etc., and the decorative motifs are based on animal and plant themes.

Among them, the cloister around the base of the first floor of the main hall is called the "relief cloister", which is 800 meters long, the wall is more than 2 meters high, and the wall is covered with reliefs. The map of the east wall, the battle between Vishnu and the heavenly demons on the north wall, and the battle of the monkey god Rama on the west wall, etc., all depict mythological stories; The elephant riding of Suryavarman II on the western half of the south wall is a secular theme.

These reliefs are skilful and complex, with vivid gestures and realistic figures, and have used overlapping layers to show far-reaching spaces, which can be called masterpieces in the history of world art. Looking out from the inside, I found that there were many graceful and colorful human reliefs on the wall, which are said to symbolize the descent of fairies to earth.

In terms of carving technology thousands of years ago, the fairy can be portrayed so vividly, and the expression, appearance, and clothing of each statue are completely different, which can really be said to be a masterpiece of magic. This group of beautiful fairies dancing with siblings is called Apasara, also known as the Mona Lisa of the East, which is said to have been transformed by the waves.

The magnificent Angkor Wat is surrounded by this group of pretty fairies, and the whole thing comes alive. In addition to the fairies outside the walls, walking in the temple, you can see exquisite and delicate depictions everywhere, sometimes on the pillars, sometimes on the corners. It is not difficult to find works that are convex and concave, and even alternating between the two.

Even the windows in the corridor are fenced with small stone pillars, and when the sunlight spills into the corridor through the windows, it integrates a sense of beauty where humanity and nature are intertwined.

Angkor Wat was built by a Southeast Asian ethnic group called the Khmer Rouge from about 802 AD, when Koyavarman II established the glorious Khmer Empire, which flourished for 600 years.

In the 12th century, Angkor architecture reached artistic excellence. At that time, all the walls of the Angkor temple were carved with elaborate reliefs, and each platform was surrounded by a long corridor facing the four directions, connecting the shrines, corner towers and staircases, and even the walls of the corridor were all carved with reliefs depicting stories from ancient Indian mythology.

Not only is the temple itself huge, but there is also a nearly 10-meter-wide embankment outside the temple. Straight to the gate of the temple, on both sides of the embankment are huge and majestic statues of the Naga serpent gods. Generally speaking, all the temples in the world are facing west, but the gate of the Angkor temple is facing west, which puzzles archaeologists who later study the ancient Khmer.

Since then, the kings of the Angkor Dynasty have been working on the city's construction work from generation to generation.

The architecture of the Angkor civilization was impressive, but it suddenly became empty in the early 15th century. In the centuries that followed, the Angkor region was transformed into a wooded and overgrown wilderness, with only one of the once-glorious ancient cities hidden. Until the discovery of this relic in the 19th century, even the local Cambodian population was unaware of it.

It is said that the culture of any nation should have its continuity, not to mention that Angkor was a dynasty that once flourished for 600 years, but its culture was suddenly interrupted and disappeared in the long river of history. Some people attribute this to the invasion of foreign enemies, but the invasion of foreign enemies may lead to the change of dynasty, but it cannot make all the people of each nation disappear.

According to the survey, there used to be more than a million people living in the Angkor area, but where did this people and these people go? It's really an unsolvable one.

Tickets: There are three types of tickets to Angkor: $20 for one day, $40 for three days, and $60 for seven days. Tickets for the next day are sold from 5 p.m., and you can go in and visit after buying a ticket (the general option is to go to Bakken Hill to watch the sunset).

However, at 5:30, there will be no more tourists going up the mountain, and a person can go down the mountain to put a person up the mountain, there are many people in line, and it is best to go to the line up the mountain at 4:30 to watch the sunset.

Angkor tickets now do not need to bring their own photos to handle, all of them are made of photos taken by cameras on the spot, and they have also been replaced with printed paper tickets, and three-day or seven-day tickets should be carefully kept.

Before the tickets are made and sent to you, the conductor will read out the rules in English. There will be a manager in the scenic area at any time to check the ticket, once found that there is no ticket, a fine of 80 US dollars.

2. Safety: Many buildings in Angkor are very tall, and the stairs are steep, narrow and slippery (there is a lot of sand), pay attention to safety, don't be reckless, a pair of well-fitting non-slip shoes is necessary.

3. Prevent heatstroke: Angkor is very hot at noon, it is best to rest in the shady temple or go back to the hotel, if you want to buy time, you can visit some jungle attractions, such as taprohm, preahkhan, tasom, etc., of course, bring enough water and food.

4. Anti-mosquito bites: There are many mosquitoes and other tropical insects in the local area, and you can buy anti-mosquito lotion in the pharmacy of Boots, although the price is a little expensive, but it is really useful.

I heard that some tourists contracted malaria after being bitten by mosquitoes. Yunluo bought it at the duty-free shop on the 4th floor of Boots at Bangkok Airport when I was transiting in Bangkok. These products are sold in UCARE (similar to Watsons) and LuckySupermarket in Siem Reap. (To be continued.) )

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