1. Extraterrestrial civilizations

Extraterrestrial civilization refers to the civilization of high-level rational beings that may exist on celestial bodies other than the earth in the universe. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 infoThey have not yet been observed by life on Earth currently, but there is speculation that extraterrestrial civilizations may be more advanced than civilizations on Earth.

(1) Aliens

It's not uncommon to see sparkling flying saucers falling from the sky, and then out of them are green-skinned, big-eyed dwarfs who say "We are here for peace" (of course, there are those who want to destroy the earth without saying hello). In reality, flying saucers have always been the focus of newspaper attention, or rather, a fashion. Martin. Gardner's quote describes the situation: "When everybody sees a flying saucer, of course you want to see it yourself." [1] So there were all kinds of flying saucers and aliens: flying saucers like straw hats, flying saucers like cigars, flying saucers like cakes; Green aliens, red aliens, kidnappers aliens, thief aliens (who specialize in stealing the organs of animals on ranches), and aliens who waste food (the "crop circle" hoax).

However, none of this can be trusted. When we look to these phenomena for extraordinary evidence, we find that most of them can be attributed to human flying machines, balloons, natural phenomena, eyewitness hallucinations, and outright hoaxes. And the remaining cases do not provide strong evidence that they are alien spacecraft. And it is also inappropriate to think of UFOs as flying saucers of aliens. Any "unidentified" object you see can be called a UFO, such as the lid of a trash can that your neighbor threw down on the twenty-first floor (interestingly, some of the "flying saucer" photos were faked with similar objects).

(2) Visits by extraterrestrial life

In fact. Scientists believe that the claim that an extraterrestrial civilization has visited and is still monitoring humans near Earth is not credible. Someone once calculated. Suppose there are a million civilizations in the galaxy and only one spaceship reaches Earth every year. That's about 10 billion spaceships launched every year across the galaxy, and the metal needed to build them is about 1% of all the metal reserves in the galaxy. In other words, a civilization can only reach the possibility of visiting us if it gives everything it has, and the possibility of a man-made object like the Voyager being discovered by another civilization is essentially negligible.

This conclusion may be very disappointing, and the excitement of flying saucers and aliens has all come to naught. You may accuse me of shattering some people's dreams, but there is more exciting and serious scientific research in the world: scientists who disdain the legends of flying saucers and extraterrestrials, have been scientifically searching for signs of extraterrestrial life.

(iii) Risk of contact with extraterrestrials

On April 26, 2010, the famous British physicist and mathematician Stephen Murphy Hawking said in a documentary that aired on the 25th. There is a high probability of the existence of aliens, but humans should not actively seek out them and should make every effort to avoid contact with them.

"The real challenge is figuring out what aliens look like," Hawking said. In his opinion, extraterrestrial life is highly likely to exist in the form of microorganisms or primary organisms, but the existence of intelligent beings that can threaten humans cannot be ruled out.

"I think some of them have exhausted the resources on their planet and may be living on huge spaceships," he said, "and these high-level aliens may become nomads." Attempt to conquer and colonize all planets they can reach. ”

Hawking argues that it is "a little too risky" for humans to actively seek to engage with them, given that aliens may loot the Earth's resources and then fly away.

"If aliens visit us, I think the outcome could be the same as Christopher. Columbus set foot on the American continent in a similar way. That wasn't a good thing for the local Indians. ”

The American historian Neil believes that the powerful (i.e., more developed) civilizations on the planet always control the weaker civilizations. and does not depend on political affiliation. He believed that when connected with an extraterrestrial civilization that vastly surpassed us, it could "suppress" our civilization until it was dissolved into a higher civilization.

Zhou Haizhong, a Chinese mathematician and linguist, put forward the point of view in his paper "Cosmic Linguistics": as long as it is an advanced intelligent life. Their reason determines that they must treat all intelligent life forms in the universe in a measured manner, so aliens and earthlings will be able to coexist peacefully, cooperate amitably, and develop together in the future.

(4) Extraterrestrial life

1. Examples

Fossils of microorganisms have been found in Martian meteorites. Coupled with a large number of reports of aliens visiting the earth, science fiction novels and movies are flooded. Rumors of extraterrestrial life paint a picture. However, this evidence is not enough to prove the existence of extraterrestrial life, and the scientific community has long scoffed at the evidence of extraterrestrial life such as flying saucers. The crash of the Roswell UFO in the United States in 1947 caused an uproar, and the US Department of Defense later claimed that it was not true.

Life is wonderful, and it is the reproduction of life that makes the earth full of life and weather. Life is not created by God, life is the inevitable result of the evolution of celestial bodies. The conditions for the existence of life are very harsh, and the celestial bodies in which they are located must have a hard shell, a suitable atmosphere and a suitable temperature, and a certain amount of water. At the same time, the celestial body around which the planet orbits must be a stable star. As far as the solar system is concerned, only Venus, Earth and Mars meet the above conditions. Among them, the Earth is located between Venus and Mars, and is in the most favorable space for life to flourish. Life has not yet been found on Venus and Mars. The other planets in the solar system are even more inhospitable to life.

The search for planetary systems beyond the solar system is another direction to explore extraterrestrial civilizations. Scientists have already begun to observe and study diligently. So far, not a single confirmed planetary system has been discovered. If a planetary system is discovered, there will not necessarily be life there. If you really find a planetary system that is more suitable for life.

2. Explore methods

At present, there are three main types of methods for exploring extraterrestrial civilizations:

(1) Receiving and analyzing all possible radio waves from space. Work in this area began in 1960.

(2) Human beings actively send signals to outer space indicating the existence of human beings in the solar system. On 16 November 1974, the United States used the 305-meter-diameter radio telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, to send the first set of signals from mankind to the globular cluster in the constellation Hercules for three minutes.

(3) Send a probe to visit aliens. The "Pioneer" 10 and 11 and "Voyager" 1 and 2 launched by the United States have all roamed in interstellar space as human messengers with a lot of human information after completing their exploration missions in the solar system. If they happen to meet a human soulmate, they will learn about human activity from the detector and determine the possibility of further interaction. It can be seen that the exploration of extraterrestrial civilization is a comprehensive scientific mission, and it is unrealistic to be overly optimistic, and it is unfounded to be too pessimistic. (To be continued.) )

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