Chapter 46: Shang Li's "Righteousness"

"Mother...... The child is not filial, and you are suffering. Without hesitation, Ushi knelt down to his mother on the sickbed.

There is no such thing as this, but because of the thinking of this era.

From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the traditional Chinese political thought gradually became systematic and philosophical. From the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period to the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, it was a period of continuous development of the idea of respecting virtue and protecting the people since the Western Zhou Dynasty, and important political ideological categories such as benevolence, courtesy, law, punishment, loyalty, and filial piety were all put forward during this period. The emergence of Confucianism and Taoism brought ancient Chinese political thought into a stage of development in which the system was complete and the content was rich and substantial. In the Warring States Period, there were other ideological and academic schools such as famous scholars, Legalists, Mohists, peasants, miscellaneous scholars, Yin-Yang scholars, and vertical and horizontal schools.

Among the hundred sons, Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, and Law have the richest political ideology, which has a great influence on the development of ancient Chinese political thought. Confucianism takes ethics and politics as the core, "travels in the Six Classics, and pays attention to the occasion of benevolence and righteousness", attaches importance to the courtesy of the monarch and the minister, the father and the son, and the difference between the elder and the younger. During the Warring States Period, its main representatives were Meng Ke and Xun Guo. The main feature of the Mohist school founded by Mo Zhai is that it attaches importance to practicality, and love is the core of its political thought. Politically, the Mohists advocated being virtuous, being the same, and not attacking, while in the country's economic policy, they advocated strengthening the use of this economy. The Mohists had a great influence during the Warring States Period, and they were associated with Confucianism.

Taoism originated from Lao Tzu, and its political proposition is to rule by inaction. During the Warring States Period, the main representative figure was Zhuang Zhou. Zhuang Zhou's political ideal is that people and all things are born together, and the "hometown of nothing" that "belongs to its hometown" goes further than Lao Tzu's political proposition of a small country and widows. Politically, he advocated "absolute sage and abandonment of wisdom" and "struggle and balance". Other representative figures, such as Yang Zhu's advocacy of "noble self", "for me", and "whole-nature truthfulness", and Lie Yukou's advocacy of "noble and void", all have the characteristics of passive retreat. Legalism is a school of thought that played an important role during the Warring States period. Politically, the Legalists advocated changing the law, developing the cause of farming and warfare, and ruling the country by law, enriching the country and strengthening the army. The theoretical basis of Legalist political thought is the theory of historical evolution and the theory of human nature and profit, and law, art, and potential are the core concepts of Legalist political thought. The representative figures of Legalism in the Warring States Period include Shang Ying, Li Kui, Shen Buxian, Shen Dao, and Han Fei, among which Shang Ying attaches importance to the rule of law, Shen Buxian focuses on the use of power by the monarch, and Shen Buxian emphasizes the decisive role of power in absolute monarchy. Han Fei, who was later than them, absorbed and compatible with the ideological elements of the earlier Legalists, and established an extreme authoritarian political theory that used both magic and power.

Throughout the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Hundred Schools of Thought had fierce debates around the monarch and the people, the rule of law, the good and the evil, the law and the ancient teacher's order, as well as the military, economy, and employment.

The controversy between Junben and Minben thought, that is, the political ideology of Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, Law, and other schools of thought, can be regarded as absolutist theories in essence. However, there is a great difference in their understanding of the relationship between the monarch, the people, and the state. Confucianism has a deeper understanding of the role of the people in social and political life, especially Meng Ke inherited and developed the essence of people-oriented thought since the Spring and Autumn Period, believing that "the people are precious, the community is secondary, and the monarch is light", and "the people are the sons of heaven" (Mencius: Devoted Heart). Xun Guo believes that the monarch is the "pivotal point of management" and advocates respecting the monarch and loving the people. In dealing with the relationship between the monarch and his subjects, Confucianism believes that benevolence and courtesy are the most basic code of conduct, "the king makes the courtesy, and the minister is loyal." In contrast to Confucianism, Legalism completely stands on the position of the monarch, believing that the state is the private property of the monarch, and that "the car of the monarch of the country" ("Han Feizi and the Foreign Prince" ("Han Feizi and the Foreign Prince") is supreme, and the monarch should use law, magic, and power to dominate the subjects and make the subjects subdued. Mo Zhai believed that the monarch was the representative of good words and good deeds, and that the monarch should "share the righteousness of the world" (Mozi Shangtong), so that the words and deeds of the subjects were unified with the monarch.

Confucianism advocates the rule of man, believing that "the government of civil and military affairs is distributed in the policy, and if its people survive, its political actions will be done, and if its people die, its government will rest" ("The Mean"). The so-called rule of man means relying on the wisdom and wisdom of the monarch and officials at all levels, their prestige among the masses, and their influence to set an example to govern the country and manage the people, and to pin the rise and fall of the country and the nation on individuals or a small number of people. In order to implement the rule of man, Confucianism placed special emphasis on the moral cultivation and love of the monarch and officials. Confucius said: "The politician is upright, the son is upright, and who dares to be upright" ("The Analects of Yan Yuan"), and said: "His body is upright, and he does not obey orders, and his body is not right, although he does not obey orders" ("The Analects of Zilu"), and emphasized "virtue for government". Meng Ke believed that "with the heart of intolerable people, the government of intolerable people, the palm of the world can be transported" ("Mencius, Gongsun Chou"). Xun Guo particularly emphasized the role of etiquette, believing that etiquette is the fundamental guarantee for stabilizing social order and stabilizing the hierarchical structure. The essence of Confucianism's rule is ethical politics. Legalists advocate the rule of law. They believe that the law is the most effective tool to restrain the behavior of the people and the fundamental guarantee for the country's governance. The laws are clear, and even a mediocre monarch can govern the country well. They also emphasized the principle of "no hierarchy of punishment" and heavy punishment for minor crimes. The so-called rule of law of the Legalists emphasizes severe punishment and relies on violence to govern the country, and they believe in the political philosophy of "the people are proud of love and listen to authority". Although they have also put forward some principles of the rule of law, they have never seriously implemented them. The principle of the rule of law advocated by them and the principle of monarchical dictatorship advocated by them are fundamentally opposed and incompatible. The rule of law they advocate is, in fact, power politics. On the one hand, the Taoists believe that the rule of the world by the sages is the chaos of the world, and on the other hand, they advocate that the monarch should rule by inaction, and through the politics of inaction, the subjects will be in a position and ideological atmosphere of ignorance and desirelessness and contentment to be ruled.

However, no matter which of the above ideas, they all deliberately or actively emphasize the same issue, that is, to be born as a human being, we must have the precious qualities of faithfulness and loyalty and filial piety.

People cannot stand without faith, people lose people's hearts if they are unrighteous, people are unfaithful, they are scolded by thousands of people, and people who are not filial are pointed out by thousands of people......

Although there are indeed some extremes and extremes in it, people in this world follow the rules like this.

Of course, princes and generals can ignore these rules, because the idea is ultimately for the monarch and the people to serve, Zhu Yuanzhang can because Mencius said "the king is light", he can be directly "expelled", and the princes and generals in this world will never give up their ambition to compete for the world because of these seemingly nonexistent rules.

But Wu Shiqi is not a prince and general, he naturally doesn't need to think about these things, this kind of deep-seated problem is something that only people like Ling Hao, Ji Qing or Shang Li, and Miao Yu might think about.

He is just a little person who abides by the rules, Ling Hao naturally acquiesced to his private actions this time, valuing love and righteousness, it is indeed a valuable quality, but people with this valuable quality generally do not live long, if he does not meet Ling Hao who has crossed over, I am afraid that Wu Shiqi will hang up like in the comics.

It was regarded as accumulating some yin virtue for himself, but Ling Hao also told Wushiqi to be careful.

After all, Shan Ying was followed, and it was not uncommon for Wuqi to be followed, but for the sake of safety, Ling Hao still used a secret medicine to thicken Wuqi's voice, making his voice sound extremely rough, and ordered him to gouge out one of his eyes, so that he could act alone to visit his mother and sister in the Shang Mansion.

"My hard-working son, how did you get this look......" As soon as Wumu saw Wushiqi's appearance, tears suddenly blurred her eyes, but fortunately, Wushiqi was still there, which was already a "great luck".

"Mother, the child is unfilial, and accidentally got involved in a disaster, so that there is today's disaster, but finally a life is left. Wushi also burst into tears.

"The concubine, on behalf of the little girl and the dog, thank Miss Shang for her great kindness. "Wu Mu was weak at this time, and she really couldn't salute Shang Li and Ji Qing, so Wu Shiya did it for her.

"Mrs. Wu doesn't have to be like this, our Shang Mansion is just doing its best, and now although Wu Shiqi has lost a look, he has finally saved his life, and he will be fine in a few days. ”

"I hope that Mrs. will have a good rest, and my business will definitely take care of Mrs. well. Shang Li said solemnly.

"Thank you, Miss Shang...... Ahem, ahem. Mrs. Wu looked at Shang Li with grateful eyes.

"Rhubarb, let's go out, this Wushi hasn't seen his wife and little sister for many days, so he must have a lot to say. ”

"Yes, miss. ”

The two walked out of the door, and Ji Qing asked a question coldly: "Miss, obviously I caused so much trouble to the Shang Mansion at the beginning, why is Miss still so good to me?"

"Why is it so good to you?" Shang Li raised an eyebrow.

Then she fell into deep thought, obviously, this question made her a little nerve-wracking, after all, she was only a fourteen-year-old girl.

Looking at Shang Li's tangled appearance of frowning sometimes and frowning, Ji Qing felt very interesting, this question was really a bit deep, no wonder she had thought about it for so long.

"Ah, I see!" Shang Li suddenly seemed to have figured it out, and his eyes burst with the brilliance of "It must be like this".

"Who told you to look like a rhubarb? And you can make a corset. ”

"Uh...... Feelings are pets and tailors in Miss's mind. Ji Qing was really surprised to get such an answer.

"How's it going, are you satisfied with this answer?" Shang Li said lightly.

"Well, I understand, then I'll go to practice, if Miss has something, just find someone to call me. ”

"Hmm. ”

After Ji Qing left, Shang Li's expression instantly became deeper.

"Rhubarb...... The reason why I'm so good to you is because I swore before. ”

Her mind suddenly drifted back to three years ago, when she was only a few years old, and on the way back to Yongcheng from Xianyang, she was attacked by a group of gangsters of unknown origin.

In my memory, the tragic appearance of Uncle Wei, the most loyal old servant in the Shang Mansion, when he was killed by gangsters, is still vivid in my mind at this moment, and his pet dog Rhubarb is also to protect himself......

In the end, she fought back and killed the last gangster left when she was in a fire with the Shang Mansion's diners, but Uncle Wei and Rhubarb were already dead......

In order to protect themselves, the diners all died in battle, and Uncle Wei was not only loyal, he was also Wei Baiqi's father......

In order to protect the Lord, they will die without regret, and what can the master do for them?

So, since then, she has made a vow in her heart that even if it is just a stranger, as long as she enters the door of the Shang Mansion, she will never let them have an accident.

Ji Qing is like this, and so are Wumu and Wushiya.

This is the "righteousness" in Shang Li's heart.