Since Qin was located to the west of Zhao, it was the closest vassal state to Zhao.

The original territory of the Qin State was in the Qin (Shuishi) land, which was the marginal part of Shenzhou at that time. During the reign of Qin Mugong, Qin began to participate in the struggle for hegemony in the Central Plains and gradually became one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States.

Since the beginning of King Zhao of Qin, the Qin State has gradually accelerated the pace of the war to annex the Six Kingdoms.

In the Battle of Chuisha, the Chu army was defeated, in the Battle of Yique, he defeated Han and Wei and cleared the way for the Qin army to advance eastward, in the Battle of Yanying, he obtained a large amount of land in Chu, and in the Battle of Huayang, he defeated the combined forces of Zhao and Wei, and captured several cities of Wei and Guanjin of Zhao.

Beginning in the 45th year of the reign of King Yu of Zhou (270 BC), the Qin army crossed Korea to attack the state of Zhao, and was defeated by the Zhao general Zhao Hao in Yu Yanhe (present-day northwest of Heshun, Shanxi).

At this time, Fan Ju of Wei entered Qin and proposed the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack". King Zhao of Qin then followed the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack", first attacking Wei, and then turning to Korea.

In the 53rd year of the reign of King Zhou (262 BC), the Qin State attacked and occupied Yewang of Korea (present-day Qinyang, Henan), completely cutting off the connection between Shangdang County and the mainland of Korea.

King Han Huanhui was very frightened and sent Yangchengjun to Qin to apologize for his sins, and asked for the land of the party to be sacrificed in order to stop Qin's army.

Feng Ting, the county guard of Shangdang County, was unwilling to surrender to Qin, and the people of Shangdang County plotted to use the power of Zhao to resist Qin, and dedicated the seventeen cities of Shangdang County to Zhao State.

Zhao Xiaocheng, the monarch of Zhao and Zhao Bao, the king of Pingyang, discussed the matter, and Zhang, the monarch of Pingyang, did not accept Shangdang County, and he thought that Feng Ting did not hand over Shangdang to Qin because he wanted to blame Zhao State, and the disaster it brought was much greater than the benefits.

King Zhao Xiaocheng summoned Zhao Sheng and Zhao Yu to discuss, and the two persuaded King Zhao Xiaocheng to accept Feng Ting's Shangdang County, and they: "Launching a million army to fight, after years of attack, can not capture a city." Now sitting on its success and getting seventeen cities is a great benefit, and this opportunity cannot be lost. ”

Zhao Xiaocheng: "Okay." ”

King Zhao Xiaocheng asked Pingyuan Jun again: "Accept the land of Shangdang, Qin State will definitely send Wu Anjun Bai to attack, who can resist?" Pingyuan Jun replied: "It is difficult for others to compete with Baiqi." Lian Po is brave and good at fighting, cherishing soldiers, and the field battle is not as good as white, but the defense of the city is completely competent. ”

Therefore, King Zhao Xiaocheng listened to the plan of Zhao Sheng, the king of Pingyuan, named Fengting as the king of Huayang, sent Pingyuan Jun to Shangdang to receive the land, and at the same time sent Lian Po to lead an army to garrison Changping (now Gaoping City, Jincheng, Shanxi Province) in case the Qin army attacked.

Zhao's acceptance of the party caused dissatisfaction in Qin, and Qin decided to send troops to attack Zhao.

At the beginning of the 54th year of the reign of King Zhou (261 BC), King Zhao of Qin sent troops to capture the Han dynasty of Guishi (present-day south of Yanshi City, Henan) and Lunshi (southwest of present-day Dengfeng City, Henan Province) in order to deter Korea.

At the beginning of the fifty-fifth year of King Zhou (260 BC), King Qin Zhao ordered Zuo Shu Changwang Wang Yu (?-244 BC), also known as Wang Qi, known as Xinliang, a famous general of Qin at the end of the Warring States Period.

In 260 BC, in the Battle of Changping, Bai Qi was the general and Wang Yi was the deputy general, and the Zhao State was defeated. In 259 BC, he seized Wu'an and Pigao of Zhao.

In 258 BC, instead of Wang Ling, he led an army to besiege the Zhao capital Handan, but failed to conquer it, and the combined forces of Chu and Wei defeated the Qin army.

In 257 BC, Wang Ji continued to attack Handan, but still failed to conquer it. It coincided with the reinforcements from various countries attacking Wang Di and defeating the Qin army under the city of Handan, Wang Ji withdrew from the siege and fled to the vicinity of Fencheng, where the reinforcements of the Qin army were located.

Soon Wang Ji attacked Fencheng, and then conquered Ning Xinzheng of Wei

In 247 BC, Wang Yu conquered the cities of Shangdang, and the Qin state made it Taiyuan County, which he died in 244 BC) led an army to attack and occupy Shangdang.

The people of Shangdang fled to the territory of Zhao, and Zhao's army met the people of Shangdang at Changping (present-day Gaoping City, Jincheng, Shanxi Province).

In the fourth lunar month of the 55th year of King Zhou (260 BC), the Qin general Wang Ji launched an attack on the Zhao army in Changping, and King Zhao Xiaocheng ordered Lian Po to meet the battle, and Lian Po led the army to attack the Qin army. The Zhao army wounded the Qin scouts, and the Qin scouts killed the Zhao army's general Eggplant.

In the sixth lunar month of the 55th year of King Zhou (260 BC), the Qin general Wang Yi led his army to attack, broke through the position of the Zhao army, defeated the Zhao general Lian Po, and killed the four captains of the Zhao army.

In the seventh lunar month of the 55th year of King Zhou (260 BC), the army of Zhao built a wall and retreated in the camp and did not dare to fight. As a result, the Qin army launched a strong attack, captured the camp west of the Zhao army, and killed two captains of the Zhao army.

The Zhao army was defeated in a row, and the Zhao general Lian Po led the army to retreat to the east bank of the Dan River and built a barrier, and the Zhao army has since retreated without fighting.

Therefore, King Zhao Xiaocheng was quite dissatisfied with Lian Po's fear of the Qin army and his long-term indecision, and sent people to reproach Lian Po several times.

When the Zhao army lost such an initial battle, King Zhao Xiaocheng discussed with Lou Chang, Yu Qing and others, and wanted to personally lead the troops to a decisive battle with the Qin army. Lou Chang thought that this would be useless, and it was better to send high-status envoys to Qin to negotiate peace.

Yu Qing believed that if Qin was determined to attack Zhao and it would be difficult to make peace, it would be better to send envoys to Chu and Wei with treasures to make Qin fear the cooperation of various countries to resist Qin, so that the peace negotiations could be successful.

However, King Zhao Xiaocheng adopted Lou Chang's suggestion and sent Zheng Zhu to Qin to negotiate peace.

Yu Qing repeatedly advised, "When Zheng Zhu enters Qin, King Qin and Fan Sui will definitely receive it ceremoniously to show it." Chu and Wei thought that Zhao had negotiated peace and would not send troops to rescue Zhao.

Qin knew that if he did not save Zhao, the peace negotiation would not succeed, and if the peace negotiation could not be successful, the Zhao army would be defeated. ”

King Zhao Xiaocheng did not accept Yu Qing's advice in the end, and Zheng Zhu went to Qin to sue for peace.

In order to paralyze Zhao, prevent the countries from conspiring, and gain time to strengthen military preparations in order to deal a serious blow to the Zhao army, the Qin State really took advantage of the opportunity of the Zhao State to sue for peace, and received the envoy Zheng Zhu of the Zhao State with courtesy, and intended to publicize that Qin and Zhao had been reconciled with other countries, so as to prevent the countries from sending troops to rescue Zhao.

As a result, Zhao's situation became more isolated.

King Zhao Xiaocheng had already been annoyed that Lian Po's army had been defeated several times, and he was disgusted that Lian Po was cowardly and did not fight, and Fan Ju, the prime minister of Qin State, sent someone to carry a thousand gold to Zhao State to carry out a counter-plan, and spread rumors: "Lian Po is very easy to deal with, and what Qin State is most afraid of is Zhao Kuo, the son of Ma Fujun Zhao Hao." ”

King Zhao decided to change generals, and Li Mu was still young at that time and had not yet come out.

Soon after the famous general Le Yi abandoned Yan and defected to Zhao State, he was sealed in Guanjin, and his heart was not attached. King Zhao believed Qin's anti-plot to be true, and immediately called Zhao Kuo and asked him if he could defeat the Qin army. Zhao Kuo: "If the Qin State faction becomes white, I still have to think about dealing with it."

Now it's Wang Di, he's just Lian Po's opponent, if you replace me, it's not a problem to defeat him. So regardless of Lin Xiangru and Zhao Kuo's mother's admonition, Zhao Kuo was sent to replace Lian Po as the main general.

In the seventh lunar month of the 55th year of King Zhou (260 BC), Zhao Kuo led 200,000 reinforcements to Changping and replaced Lian Po as the main general.

After Zhao Kuo took office, he changed the generals of the troops according to the actual situation, changed the system in the army, changed the operational policy of Lian Po, and took the initiative to send troops to attack the Qin army.

After King Qin Zhao learned that Zhao Kuo replaced Lian Po as the main general, in order to completely defeat Zhao and settle the situation in one battle, he secretly transferred Wu Anjun Bai Qi as a general, and ordered Wang Yi to serve as a lieutenant and deputy general......

And the real change starts from here.

On the one hand, according to the suggestion of Zhao Tuo, the great grandmaster of Zhao State at that time, Zhao Kuo brought 200,000 soldiers with inferior bloodline qualifications to the battlefield as reinforcements to fight the Qin army head-on, and at the same time, he also privately suggested to the great grandmaster Zhao Tuo that the real elite needed to be mixed in, so that it was possible to touch the possibility of the great grandmaster of the Qin State to drive out.

There is an unwritten rule in this world that only when a high-level or similar-level opponent appears on the battlefield where ordinary soldiers are facing each other, the great masters of various countries can play against each other.

At the same time, the soldiers on both sides of the border need to retreat a hundred miles each to ensure the safety of the soldiers on both sides.

On the one hand, Zhao Kuo sent the elite of Zhao State to blend in with these ordinary soldiers of inferior blood, and on the other hand, he began to send people to Xianyang City, and began to spread the false news that "Bai Qi secretly communicated with Qi State in an attempt to occupy the door of Shangdang's independence".

At that time, Wang Yi, the guard general of the Shangdang, actually didn't know anything about this, but continued to transfer the military forces stationed in the Shangdang to continue to aid Bai Qi, and the Shangdang became extremely empty.

At this time, the 8,000 people who were lying in ambush on the outskirts of Shangdang began to approach Shangdang continuously, and finally launched a surprise attack.

Among these 8,000 people, the soldiers of Zhao State, who have the lowest personal cultivation, all have the cultivation of sealing one level, and it is not too simple to kill the soldiers of the Qin State who have five to nine ground locks.

In the end, although the Shangdang held on, the Qin army paid an extremely heavy price, and the superior forces were greatly reduced, and when Bai Qi reacted, the other party only retreated smoothly at the cost of 1,500 casualties.

The losses on the Qin army's side were several times that of the other side, and more than 15,000 soldiers died as a result......

Bai Qi felt that the odds of winning this time had been reduced a lot, so he had to use a plan to cut off the grain route of Zhao State, so he accelerated the progress of this war, which provoked the preface of killing 400,000 rao in the future.

Just when the situation was not yet clear, the Grand Grandmaster of the Zhao State and the Grand Grandmaster of the Qin State appeared on the battlefield at the same time, which caught everyone off guard.

The two grandmasters disagreed and fought, just as the so-called immortals fought, mortals suffered, at that time, Bai Qi, who was just a cultivator of the second pass, had to urgently gather the remnants of the army and retreat a hundred miles, temporarily avoiding the edge.

Unexpectedly, the 80,000 "white wolf horses" of Zhao State, who had been waiting for a long time, suddenly killed when the Qin army retreated backwards, and had to rush to the battle when they were caught off guard.

In the end, Bai Qi had to open his full force to seal the second pass, and scattered more than 20,000 people on the "White Wolf Ride" to death, and the other party finally retreated unwillingly......

At this moment, the battle between the great grandmasters had also been decided, and Zhao Tuo, the great grandmaster of the Zhao State, was seriously injured by the great grandmaster of the Qin State, and had no choice but to retreat.

But Yingqi's state was not good, and he withdrew from the battlefield as quickly as possible, and at this time, Zhao Kuocai led the remaining Zhao army to pour out of the nest and fight together again with the Qin army that had not yet gained a firm foothold......

The battle lasted until after dusk, and although Bai Qi finally won the war and killed hundreds of thousands of remnants, the losses on the Qin side seemed to be greater.

According to the existing document of the Qin State, "The Book of Qin Guo: The Biography of Bai Qi", the results of the losses in this battle were as follows: 125 Feng masters, 13,000 ground lock nine masters, 21,000 ground lock five heavy soldiers, and more than 70,000 ground lock triple soldiers and people.

And Zhao Guo's battle, although it can be regarded as a loss of soldiers, but the loss is only his own domestic "inferior products", although the elite has casualties, but it is not particularly heavy, as long as you cultivate for a period of time, you can recover.

And the biggest loss of the Qin State is: in the struggle of the Great Grandmaster Yingqi, the serious injuries accumulated over the years and the poison under the Great Grandmaster of Zhao broke out at the same time, and finally died.

Bai Qi was finally cut off from the military title because of this incident, and then he was given death.

After this battle, the Qin State was broken and did not launch a large-scale foreign war for 40 years, and could only continue to encroach on the territory of Korea and Wei by advancing layer by layer.

King Qin Zhao finally stepped into his coffin with the remorse and shame of this war, and was succeeded by the professional old prince An Guojun as king, but only two years later, An Guojun died mysteriously, according to the record of "Qin State Theory": In the second year, the king died violently, and the son Chuli.

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