A quarter of an hour later, under the leadership of this woman, Ji Qing finally came to the residence built by Ling Hao in the service school town, and after entering the gate of the Ling Mansion, the first thing that caught his eye was the four big characters: Tianxiang Courtyard.

"Tenxiang" was a common term in ancient times, and it was also common to use it as a name for buildings.

Legend has it that the shadow part of the moon is an osmanthus tree, so it refers to the laurel with "heavenly fragrance", such as Song Zhiwen's poem "Lingyin Temple": "Guizi falls in the middle of the month, and the heavenly fragrance clouds float outward." ”

Ji Qing looked around, and slowly came back to his senses, Lao Ling's arrangement...... It looks a little familiar.

This pattern ...... The more you look at it, the more it looks like a courtyard house.

And it's not just an ordinary courtyard house, it also incorporates some courtyard layouts in it.

Quadrangle, also known as quadrangle, is a kind of traditional courtyard building in ancient China, its pattern is a courtyard with houses on all sides, and the courtyard is enclosed in the middle from all sides, hence the name quadrangle.

The quadrangle is the house in front of the triple courtyard and the gatehouse is added to close it. If it is in the shape of "mouth", it is called a courtyard, if it is in the shape of a "day", it is called a courtyard in the second courtyard, and if it is in the shape of a "mu", it is called a courtyard in the third courtyard.

Generally speaking, in the courtyard of a large mansion, the first entrance is the gatehouse, the second entrance is the hall, and the third or rear entrance is the private room or boudoir, which is the activity space of women or dependents, and ordinary people are not allowed to enter at will.

Courtyard houses have a history of at least 3,000 years, and there are many types in various parts of China, among which Beijing courtyard houses are typical.

Courtyard houses are usually inhabited by large families, providing a more private courtyard space from the outside world, and their architecture and layout reflect the traditional Chinese idea of hierarchy and the five elements of yin and yang.

Judging from the images of ancient buildings recorded in ancient documents and paintings to the existing ancient buildings, there is a concise organization law in the plane layout of ancient buildings, that is, every residence, palace, official office, temple and other buildings are composed of a number of single buildings and some corridors and walls surrounded by courtyards.

Generally speaking, most courtyards are connected from front to back, through the front yard to the back yard, which is the product of the ideology of Chinese feudal society, "the old and the young are orderly, and the inside and outside are different". The main characters in the family, or those who should be isolated from the outside world (such as a girl from an aristocratic family), often live in courtyards far from the outer doors, which forms a deep spatial organization of courtyards and courtyards.

In the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu's "Butterfly Loves Flowers" has the words "how deep is the courtyard?", and the ancients once described the residence of the big bureaucrats as "Houmen is as deep as the sea", which vividly illustrates the important characteristics of the layout of the ancient buildings in Shenzhou.

At the same time, this kind of courtyard-style grouping and layout is generally designed in a balanced and symmetrical way, along the vertical axis (also known as the front and rear axis) and the horizontal axis. The more important buildings are placed on the vertical axis, and the secondary houses are placed on the horizontal axis on the left and right sides of it, and the group layout of the Forbidden City in Beijing and the courtyard houses in the north are the most typical examples of this group layout principle.

This layout is closely related to the patriarchal and religious system of Shenzhou's feudal society. It is most convenient to make the distinction between the inferior and the inferior, the elder and the young, the male and female, and the master and servant in housing according to the feudal patriarchal and hierarchical concepts.

The artistic effect created by this courtyard-like group layout in ancient China has its unique artistic charm compared with European architecture. Generally speaking, a European building is relatively self-explanatory.

However, the ancient buildings of Shenzhou are like a long scroll of ancient paintings of Shenzhou, which must be gradually unfolded piece by piece, and it is impossible to see them all at the same time.

Walking into an ancient building in Shenzhou can only walk from one courtyard to another, and you must walk through it all to see it.

The Forbidden City in later generations is the most outstanding example, people enter from Tiananmen Square, each through a gate, into another courtyard, from one end of the courtyard to the other, one courtyard, step by step scenery is changing, giving people a deep feeling. The artistic image of the Forbidden City is deeply left in people's minds.

The reason for this phenomenon is mainly because the courtyard-style layout is the center of the layout of ancient architectural groups in China.

The ancient building group is good at group combination, and the ancient building system with wood frame as the main structure is limited by the material, and the single building should not be too tall, generally speaking, the building group is composed of several single buildings, which constitutes the discrete layout mode of ancient buildings in China.

There are many combinations of discrete layouts, and all courtyards formed in group combinations belong to courtyard layouts. In both official and folk buildings, the courtyard-style layout is the mainstream, which is the basic way of constituting the Shenzhou architectural complex. Book every day

Second, the symmetrical layout of the courtyard in the layout of the building group

One of the important factors in the formal beauty of ancient buildings in China is that it pays great attention to symmetry and balanced layout.

"Examination Records" once recorded that Zhou Wangcheng "Fang Jiuli, next to the three gates, the country nine longitude and weft, the warp Tu nine tracks, the left ancestor and the right society, facing the back city, the city dynasty one husband".

Since then, the construction of the capital city of Shenzhou in all dynasties has adopted this layout, which is magnificent, rich in sequence and layer, and strongly shows the centripetal consciousness and natural outlook centered on imperial power in ancient China.

Symmetry is also the main form of traditional courtyard composition.

The symmetrical composition of the courtyard is mainly reflected in two aspects: (1) the symmetry of the courtyard space on the plane, and (2) the symmetry of the courtyard space in the constituent elements (including buildings, fences, architectural sketches, natural landscapes, etc.).

The courtyard is an introverted enclosed space enclosed by houses, fences, and corridors, which can create a quiet, safe, and clean living atmosphere. In terms of function, the courtyard also plays a role in transportation links and organizing the flow of people.

It connects the discrete building monomers into an aggregated organic whole from the use function and spatial composition, and plays its role as a link. This layout is also the need of the family situation under the patriarchal system, reflecting the strict feudal hierarchy, the elder and the young have their own positions, the elder and the younger are in the middle, and the younger are in the lower side.

The courtyard-style layout forms a closed and open-air courtyard and patio, which can play a role in improving benign climatic conditions and reducing the invasion of undesirable weather. In a nutshell, its basic functions include: (1) lighting and ventilation of enclosed inward-facing buildings; (2) Drainage and organization of rainwater; (3) Adjust the microclimate by setting up greenery, so as to form a place for outdoor cooling and resting activities. In addition, the appropriate amount of bonsai in the courtyard also plays a role in beautification and rest.

Traditional Chinese houses have always used wood as the main structural material, and their own sturdiness is far less strong than that of brick and stone buildings, and their ability to resist foreign invasion is very weak.

The courtyard-style layout is adopted, and the contact surface between the group and the outside world is surrounded by the gable and the rear eaves wall of the wall courtyard or palace house, forming a solid line of defense, which greatly enhances the overall protection performance of the building group. Later, the simplification of timber construction and the widespread use of masonry led to a great change in the appearance of the houses, but this layout tradition has been retained.

The courtyard-style layout naturally forms a pattern of plane spreading of building groups, and the series of courtyards naturally creates a sequence of in-depth extension of group space. The movement of time and space is emphasized here, and in the process of traveling, all parties enter the interior through this space that is both inside and outside, and the spaces penetrate and connect with each other rather than being separated by each other, forming a strong continuity and highlighting the sense of depth and hierarchy of space. With its unique artistic expression characteristics, the courtyard-style layout has played a non-negligible role in the long history of the development of traditional Chinese architecture.

In this way, it can also explain why Ling Hao arranged the interior of the Ling Mansion like a courtyard house.

Ling Hao is not short of money, why not make the courtyard more exquisite, more atmospheric, and more distinctive?

Of course Ji Qing didn't have this feeling, he only felt that Ling Hao seemed to have a little crooked talent, and he actually "built a lot of construction" in this regard, which was too wasteful.

"Girl, we have all entered the courtyard, when will we see the main master?" Ji Qing asked puzzled.

"What are you anxious about? My sister is still in a meeting, and when she finishes the meeting, she will naturally invite you in. ”

"But I still want to go home early and get some medicine...... Oh no, what about cultivation. ”

"What a boring man, I really don't know why my husband values you so much......"

"Of course, it's because I'm handsome. Ji Qing said extremely narcissistically.

"Hmm...... I don't see it. ”

"Poof...... Forget it, I don't understand this to you. Ji Qing decided to ignore her, this chattering woman can always use some unexpected words to cover his words, it is too dangerous to communicate with her face-to-face like this.