The second article, which was published in the previous week's "Spring", was actually a very critical one, and Ling Xin needed this article to lead to the later "Hundred Schools of Thought". Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info

This article is the story of Confucius's visit to Lao Tzu when he traveled around the world, with the help of the name of "Master of All Saints" Confucius's teacher, Lao Tzu's "forced qualification" was pulled up at the beginning, and Ling Xin chose to start with the next doctrine of "a hundred schools of thought" is to start with Taoism, and among the representative works of Taoism, Ling Xin chose Lao Tzu's "Tao Te Ching".

This article about Confucius's visit to Lao Tzu says that the young Confucius once came to Luoyang, the eastern capital, to ask Lao Tzu for advice.

After meeting each other with etiquette, Lao Tzu suddenly opened his mouth for Confucius to see, and then asked, "Can you see my teeth?" ”

Confucius felt very strange, why did the gentleman ask this question? So he replied truthfully: "Your teeth have all been lost." ”

Lao Tzu then asked, "What about my tongue?" Do you see it's still in my mouth? ”

Confucius immediately replied, "It's still in your mouth." Intact. ”

So, Lao Tzu said a truth unhurriedly: "You understand, right? Because the teeth are too hard, they always bite and touch with various foods, and they bite and touch themselves, so they fall out after a long time. However, the tongue is different. The tongue is soft, and although it is often squeezed and squeezed in the collision between the teeth and the food, it is always just silently savoring, and does not participate in the collision and fight between the teeth and the food; Eventually, the food is shattered, the teeth are lost, but the tongue remains intact with the human life until the end......"

Confucius suddenly realized. Lao Tzu is using his own teeth and tongue as a metaphor to explain in simple terms the truth of "weak survival" and "impartiality......

In fact, Confucius visited many people when he traveled around the world, and each of them can be regarded as his teacher. Through this article, we can also see that Confucius was humble and studious.

Whether it is "Confucius's teacher" or the knowledge shown by Lao Tzu in the article, it has made a good preparation for the "Taoist doctrine" that Ling Xin will write next.

In this issue, which is the Spring Season, which is on sale today, the first five chapters of the Tao Te Ching are published in the page that was vacated at the end of the original Analects.

In fact, Ling Xin wanted to write it all out, but in this way, it would not achieve the purpose of making people learn, after all, people always have a time to accept, such as when chasing anime and chasing novels, every day it is updated so much that readers will read it with relish, and even make up for it and reflect on it. But if you save to a certain extent and see so much content to read, readers will be too lazy to read it, let alone make people think and reflect.

Another reason is that there is only one page, without affecting the serialization of "Journey to the West", the publication of five chapters of the Tao Te Ching in each issue of that page is already the limit, and the Chinese version plus the translated version has filled that page to the fullest.

When it comes to Taoism, it is necessary to mention several core ideas of Taoism, namely "Taoism is natural", "righteousness is against words", etc., in fact, Taoism is against Confucianism's "rites", or that the following Legalists and Mohists reject the "poetry, books, rituals, and music" advocated by Confucianism.

To put it simply, in the Taoist view, gentleness and frugality make these things low-level, and Taoism pursues a higher realm - the realm of the unity of heaven and man. The realm of natural inaction does not require any morality.

So it can also be said that Dong Xiaohua is too composed, in fact, as long as he waits for a few more days, there is no need for others to question the views of Confucianism, and the other schools of thought in the next few years will conflict with Confucianism.

Ling Xin feels that the views of various schools of thought are worth learning, and it cannot be said that all of them are right, and it is a complete moral culture to neutralize the theories and learn from each other's strengths. No matter who is right or who is wrong, there is always something worth learning from these classics that have been passed down through the ages, such as the second chapter of the Tao Te Ching

・・・・・・・・・・・・

Everyone in the world knows that the reason why beauty is beautiful is because of the existence of ugliness. We all know that the reason why good is good is because there is evil. Therefore, existence and non-existence transform each other, difficulty and ease form each other, long and short appear to each other, high and low complement each other, sound and sound harmonize with each other, and the front and back follow each other - this is eternal. Therefore, the sages treat the world from the viewpoint of non-action, and teach in a way that does not speak: let all things arise naturally without their origins, do something, but do not add their own inclinations, and do not pretend to be accomplished. It is precisely because of the lack of credit that there is no need to lose.

・・・・・・・・・・・・

In fact, if Ling Xin herself prefers it, she doesn't like Taoism. Because compared with Confucianism, which promotes the virtues of "benevolence" and "filial piety", Taoism does not teach people to be good.

For example, in the thirty-eighth chapter of the Tao Te Ching, "To be virtuous is to be virtuous; Virtue is not lost, but there is no virtue. ”

It means that people with "virtue" do not appear to be outwardly virtuous, so they are actually "virtuous"; People who possess "lower virtue" are manifested as external "Tao" and therefore do not actually have "virtue".

Virtue is not virtue, it is to be virtuous, and virtue is not to lose virtue, it is to have no virtue. Taoism's pursuit is simple and natural, absolute benevolence and renunciation, constant ignorance and no desire for the people, to govern the country with knowledge, the thief of the country; Do not govern the country with wisdom, the virtue of the country is also, it is best to maintain simplicity, the people of the world lose their simple heart, become cunning, chaos is chiseled out of the seven orifices but die, Pu San is a tool, and the simplicity is over.

To add simply, in the Taoist view, gentleness, courtesy, and frugality make these things low-level, and Taoism pursues a higher realm—the realm of the unity of heaven and man. The realm of natural inaction does not require any morality.

Ling Xin just felt that Taoism was too "immortal".

However, although in the other world, there is a great controversy about the advantages and disadvantages of Taoism, and many people say that Taoism is negative and escaping, but no matter what those people say, it is undeniable that Taoism also has its points, to give a simple example,

In the fifth chapter of the Tao Te Ching, it is mentioned that "Heaven and earth are unkind, and all things are used as dogs; The saints are unkind, and they use the people as dogs. Between heaven and earth, is it still like a slurrel? Void but unyielding, moving and out. It is better to keep in the middle than to hear more and be poor. ”

Translated into this, heaven and earth are indifferent to kindness, they have no love, they treat everything like a dog, and they are left to their own devices. The saints are also unkind, and they treat the people like dogs, leaving them to their own devices. Isn't heaven and earth like a bellows? It is empty but not exhausted, and the more it stirs up the wind, the more it grows. The multiplicity of decrees is even more confusing and unworkable, so it is better to remain quiet.

Ling Xin's understanding of this chapter is that Taoism believes that all things are equal.

Everyone will have a different understanding when they read a sentence or an article, and there are a thousand Hamlets in the eyes of a thousand people.

Not to mention the doctrines of schools that have been passed down through the ages? Ling Xin believes that any school of thought is a treasure, and whether you like it or not, it is worth learning.