The dog likes legends the most, because he can always analyze the information he wants from the legends, Cleopatra is known as the last pharaoh in history, why is she the last pharaoh? Cleopatra VII was indeed the last person in Egypt to be called the elder of the Pharaoh, and what happened after that? The Egyptian world was incorporated into the Arab world, and the land remained unchanged, but the nation was no longer a nation like ancient Egypt in the strict sense of the word. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 Info So now the people of Egypt are Arabs, Greeks, Romans, and some indigenous Egyptians, but they don't have their own language, and they all speak Arabic. Cleopatra, then, was the last pharaoh to be able to speak Egyptian on his own.

So Cleopatra VII, the female pharaoh, she has so many legendary stories, which are true and which are not, I'm afraid that many people still have doubts, but in any case, a figure like Cleopatra has indeed played a great role in history, and it should be said that it is a very important character image. Why? Because there is a thinker named Pascal, Pascal once wrote a book called "Thoughts", "Thoughts", said a very famous sentence, this person who is engaged in the history of the ancient world knows how to say, said, "If Cleopatra's nose is a little shorter, the whole world will be changed for it", if a person has such a great charm in terms of her appearance, then this person should have his own place in history, this is Cleopatra.

So there is a question here, who is this person of Cleopatra? We said, she is the last pharaoh, and we know that when it comes to pharaohs, there is no second country that has pharaohs, only ancient Egypt has pharaohs, but Cleopatra, she is not Egyptian, she should be Macedonian, because of what? She was one of the pharaohs of the Ptolemaic period, or the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic period. So who was the Ptolemaic dynasty? As I mentioned earlier, after Alexander's generals died, when the world was divided, Ptolemy's ministry came to Egypt and occupied Egypt, and after that, Egypt became his kingdom, his base, and he ruled Egypt, and this was the Ptolemaic period of Egypt.

In terms of the division of history, there are many people who do not divide this period of history into the history of Egypt, people are based on such a division of Maneto, Egypt is divided into 31 dynasties, including the Old Kingdom, including the Middle Kingdom, including the New Kingdom, then there are two intermediate periods, the first intermediate period, the second intermediate period, etc., as well as some late kingdom periods after the New Kingdom, and there is no Ptolemaic period at all. Why? Because they believe that the Ptolemaic dynasty was a foreign rule over Egypt after all, we say that the last pharaoh was not actually an Egyptian, but a Macedonian, or a Greek, who at that time was a civilization of a land.

This was the specific situation of the entire Mediterranean civilization at that time. Rome was in Italy, a boot-shaped peninsula, Greece on this side, and Egypt on this side, and the world was actually under Roman rule at that time, and Egypt was at what stage was Egypt at that time, even though Rome did not rule it directly? It was a country under the patronage of Rome, that is, the Roman army could enter it at any time, and it could not be resisted. In this case, the pharaohs of the Ptolemaic dynasty were still alive, but they were in danger. But at this time, the twelfth pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty, Ptolemy XII, because of his incompetence and the brutality of his rule, caused a revolt of the people of Alexandria, and after the popular revolt, he could not suppress it, and he did not have so much strength, so he ran, where did he go, ran to Rome.

So this Ptolemy XII, this generation, sometimes we are prone to some misunderstandings, because if a father is the first, the son rules him the second, but we are used to translating it like this, Cleopatra VII, but her sister is the sixth, so he is not a generation is the first, so Ptolemy XII, how many children did he have at this time? Cleopatra VI, eldest daughter; The second daughter is called Bezhenes, who is his second daughter, and his third daughter is Cleopatra VII, which is Cleopatra, and there is another daughter, named Arsino, which is the fourth daughter, and at the same time he has two sons, who are younger than these four daughters, one is Ptolemy XIII, and the other is Phonomy XIV, so add it together, Phonomy XII had several children, six children, and the first four were daughters.

So just after he was driven away by the rioters, when he ran to Rome, at this time there could be no king, no pharaoh, his second daughter named Bezhenis so ascended the throne, what is her relationship with this rebellion, for the time being, but at this time she ascended the throne. During the three years of her reign, her sister Cleopatra VI died, how did she die? I don't know, it's a small mystery among the ages. So after three years of her reign, her father, Ptolemy XII, with the support of the Romans, made a comeback and returned to Egypt, so he drove his daughter away again, and what happened to the last daughter, that is to say, the second daughter? It was put to death. For the sake of politics, it was still cruel, so Ptolemy XII returned to the throne and later died in the turmoil. After his death, he was left with a third daughter, Cleopatra VII. Cleopatra VII, at this time her father actually did not want her to ascend to the throne, at this time her brother was still young, Ptolemy XIII was still young, it seemed that he was only 9 years old at the time, then Cleopatra VII was actually a teenager, in this case, the two of them ascended the throne together under the protection of the Romans, and the two were married, that is, the sister married the younger brother.

So why is that? It is said to be a tradition of ancient Egypt. This was a common phenomenon during the Ptolemaic period. She is to follow a tradition of ancient Egypt, but in ancient Egypt, we have read a lot of materials, and we have read a lot of their inscriptions, and we can rarely find that in the daily life of ordinary people, there is such a phenomenon of brothers and sisters getting married, only in the court, there is such a phenomenon, but it is not particularly common. And there is another point that is very worthy of our attention, that is, none of their unions is alone, and if the two of them are united, there will always be pharaohs and other wives. And I looked into this issue and did some research, and in the end I didn't find any such union between brother and sister, and finally left offspring. So I feel that it may be such a custom in Egypt, but it has a much more political meaning than any other meaning, and it is not really about marriage, but about not losing power.

(To be continued.) )