Basketball was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith, a physical education instructor at the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 infoAt that time, during the cold winter months, there was a lack of ball games for indoor sports activities. Inspired by the game of workers and children throwing balls into "peach baskets", Naismith designed two peach baskets to be nailed to the railings of the stands at each end of the gym, with the peach baskets horizontally upward, 10 feet above the ground, and a football as a tool used as a tool to throw into the basket, scoring 1 point, and deciding the winner according to the number of points. Because the game originally used a peach basket and a ball, it was named basketball. In 1883, the iron basket replaced the peach basket and hung a wire net. In 1895, the basket began to be fixed on a 4x6-foot rebound and gradually moved deeper into the court, and by 1913 the net was cut open to form a modern rebounding and basket.

The original rules of basketball were simple, and there were no uniform rules on the size of the court, the number of participants, or the length of the game. In 1892 Naismith formulated the first 13-article original rules, with the aim of allowing the game of basketball to be played on fair and equal terms, while not allowing rough maneuvers to occur. In 1915, the United States formulated a unified national basketball competition rules, which were translated into many languages and distributed to the world. In 1932, the newly born FIBA formulated the first unified rules of competition in the world, based on the rules of basketball used by American universities. With the development of basketball, the court equipment has been improved and perfected, and the rules have been constantly added, deleted and changed, and the current rules have 61 articles and 57 gesture charts.

After the birth of basketball, it spread quickly. It was introduced to Canada and Mexico in 1892, France in 1893, China in 1895, Japan and Persia (present-day Iran) in 1901, and Russia in 1905. In 1904, the YMCA men's basketball team performed at the third Olympic Games, and since then, basketball has gradually become popular all over the world. On June 18, 1932, the International Amateur Basketball Federation (FIBA) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland. At the 11th Olympic Games in 1936, men's basketball was included in the official sport. The first World Men's Basketball and Women's Basketball Championships were held in 1950 and 1953, respectively. Since 1948, small basketball activities have begun to appear among children in many countries, and the International Basketball Committee has been valued by FIBA, and the "International Little Basketball Committee" was established in 1968. In 1976, the XXXI Olympic Games added women's basketball.

Before the 30s, basketball was in the period of dissemination and promotion, and the technology and tactics were still in their infancy. Since the 30s, basketball has stepped onto the international sports stage, and the world's competitions have promoted the rapid development of basketball technology and tactics, and technical movements, tactical organization and training methods have gradually embarked on the road of rationalization, systematization and theory. From 1936 to 1948, due to the continuous revision of the rules, the change and application of offensive and defensive tactics of basketball were promoted, and the speed of offense and defense was improved. In the 50s, the world's strongest teams generally attached importance to the height of development, which became a significant feature of this period. In the 15th Olympic basketball competition in 1952, there were tall players who were more than 2 meters tall. They had a clear advantage in the high-altitude scramble and took the initiative in the race. However, at this time, the tall players have poor flexibility, monotonous skills, and hard offense under the basket, so the tactics are dull, which affects the speed of the game. In response to the above, FIBA has amended the rules, expanding the restricted area and adding 30s and interference ball rules.

The 60s was a period of simultaneous development of height, technology and speed, and countries emphasized the development of height while strengthening the training of tall players in terms of skill and flexibility. Some strong teams, such as Brazil, shook the world basketball world in 1963 by winning the fourth World Men's Basketball Championship with the speed and skill of a sprinter, as well as their speed and skill, as well as their speed and agility. In the mid-60s, Dean Smith of the United States put forward the theory of offensive and defensive balance, which made all countries in the world begin to attach importance to the balanced development of offense and defense, especially the new development and breakthrough of defense. Defense is no longer passive, and the concept of "people-oriented" and "area-oriented" in the selection of defense has been changed, but "ball-oriented", making defense collective, positive, offensive and destructive.

The '70s were a time of height, technique and speed, which were unified and sustained, and the height of the world's best teams grew to an astonishing degree. There are as many as 48 players participating in the 8th World Men's Basketball Championship, who are more than 2m tall. The average height of the former Soviet Union team is 2.o2m, the average height of the former Yugoslavia team is 1.99m, and the average height of the United States team is 1.98m. These tall players have both height and speed, can be inside and out, and have comprehensive skills, which fully embodies the characteristics of "big players and small individuals". In the 70s, basketball combined height, technique, speed, body, will, and tactics to create a high-speed, high-intensity all-round confrontation in the game. The fast break became the first sharp weapon used by each team in the attack. The high-altitude advantage is reflected in the scramble under the basket, the scramble for rebounds is above the level of the hoop, and the shooting technique has seen aerial hand-changing shots, and various one-handed and two-handed dunks. Superb skills are manifested in skillful passing and dribbling movements, and they are used freely. The shooting rate was as high as 50%, and the score improved rapidly, and in 30 of the 59 games in the eight World Men's Basketball Championships, a team scored more than 100 points.

In the 80s, basketball was a high-level all-out confrontation, and women developed in the direction of masculinity. Its performance is that the height and speed are complete, the offense, defense, and rebounding are equally important, the physical, intellectual, fighting spirit and technology are combined, and the star players with comprehensive skills and outstanding specialties play a pivotal role in the team.

In 1992, the Barcelona Olympics began, and professional players could compete in Olympic basketball.

In 2012, the World Basketball Championship was officially renamed the Basketball World Cup.

In 2014, the first Basketball World Cup was held in Spain; On September 15, the United States defeated Serbia 129-92 to win the championship.

Basketball Rules:

Basketball rules refer to the various rules that are applied in the game of basketball. Based on the scope of application, it is divided into FIBA rules, NBA rules, NCAA rules, etc. The rules of basketball that are common in the world are the official FIBA rules designated by the International Basketball Federation.

In order to make the sport always attractive and vigorous, and to be unified and standardized in the continuous development, the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) has continuously improved the "Basketball Rules" in recent years, and has made major revisions to the rules at intervals of four years.

At present, the 2014 Basketball Rules have been adopted by the Central Bureau of the International Basketball Federation, and it has been decided to officially implement them worldwide from October 1, 2014.

The whole "Basketball Rules" refer to male coaches, players, referees, and so on. Obviously, it also applies to women, and it is written this way just for convenience. (To be continued.) )