180 Sino-French War

Forgive me for having nothing to say! Can you be so obedient without grasping your handle? The Empress Dowager Cixi sneered twice and said: "Since this is the case, according to the proposal of the Ministry of Officials, Jing Lian and Wang Wenshao will be downgraded by two levels, and they will not be allowed to be offset." Pen %Fun %Pavilion www.biquge.info As for you......"

Hearing this, Prince Gong's heart couldn't help but tighten, and he hurriedly said: "The minister is negligent in his duties, please punish the Queen Mother!" ”

"The two of them are derelict in their duties, and they can't say that they are not responsible for you." The Empress Dowager Cixi paused, and then said: "But there is no need to deal with it seriously, and you will be more cautious in the future." Remember, don't go wrong! ”

When Prince Gong heard this, he couldn't help but be stunned, could this matter have passed like this? At this moment, the Empress Dowager Cixi spoke again: "Okay, you can go down." ”

Not only Prince Gong wondered, but even Li Lianying, who was good at speculating on the thoughts of the Empress Dowager Cixi, was stupid, was my hard work so in vain? As soon as Prince Gong left, he couldn't wait to ask: "Master, you are ......, is it just the end of it?" ”

I saw the Empress Dowager Cixi sneering and saying:

"Now is not the time! You don't want to think about it, Prince Gong is not an ordinary person, he is an important minister of the court, how can he be exempted because of this trivial matter? If this happens, not only will it not be possible, but it will attract more criticism. Now give him some color first, and we'll talk about it later. ”

After listening to the words of the Empress Dowager Cixi, Li Lianying really admired the five-body throw.

Li Lianying thought about it again, yes, now that the situation with France is tense, I'm afraid that there will be no chance? How can I be so confused?

For thousands of years, a Chinese cultural circle has been formed around China. The countries and regions in the circle have accepted the influence of Chinese culture to varying degrees, and politically accepted the leadership, protection and support of the central government of China.

Among them, Vietnam is an important part of this cultural circle, and it has a "lip and tooth" relationship with China.

Vietnam was officially canonized by the Qing Dynasty in the eighteenth year of Shunzhi, recognizing Le VĂŞ Vy Ki, who had proclaimed himself king in September of the previous year, as the "King of Annam". In the ninth year of Gia Khanh, Annam was changed to Vietnam, King Nguyen Phuc Anh, and the year name was Gia Long.

As early as the 17th century, King Louis XVI of France formulated a plan to turn Vietnam into a colony on the advice of the French bishop Patrick Petros, who was a missionary in Saigon.

When Nguyen Phuc Anh unified Vietnam, he entrusted a Catholic priest to ask for French assistance and made a treaty with King Louis XVI of France, willing to cut the land as a reward.

After the arrival of French aid, the treaty was of course invalidated, but the tentacles of French aggression extended into Vietnam.

In the fifties of the nineteenth century, shortly after France and Britain launched the Second Opium War, under the pretext that their missionaries were killed in Vietnam, they attacked cities and plundered land in Vietnam, and forced Vietnam to sign the Treaty of Saigon (the First Treaty of Saigon) in the summer of the first year of Tongzhi.

In addition to ceding land for indemnity, Vietnam also promised not to cede any part of its territory to any country other than France thereafter.

Since then, France has gradually occupied the whole of Nanqi, and from the seventies onwards, it has extended its claws of aggression to Beiqi, thus opening the door to southwest China, first of all Yunnan and Guangxi.

In the twelfth year of Tongzhi, the French sent troops to attack Hanoi and its vicinity, and the Vietnamese king urgently asked for help from Liu Yongfu's "Black Flag Army" stationed in the Baosheng area of the Sino-Vietnamese border.

Liu Yongfu immediately led his troops to Hanoi, and after a fierce battle, hundreds of enemies were annihilated, and the leader of the French army, An Ye, was killed.

However, it was in this situation that the cowardly Vietnamese government, fearing that France would retaliate again, signed a treaty of peace and alliance with France in Saigon at the end of the first month of the thirteenth year of Tongzhi.

France recognized Vietnam as an independent state, and Vietnam recognized France's right to protection; Vietnam's foreign affairs are supervised by France, and there is no affiliation with other countries, etc.

Vietnam is a vassal state of China, and in its long history, China and Vietnam have had extremely close relations. The treaty's recognition of Vietnam as a completely "independent" country essentially negated the traditional suzerain-vassal relationship between China and Vietnam.

However, because of the Taiwan Fanshe incident, the Qing court had no time to take care of it when negotiations with Japan were tight, so it only issued a secret edict to Liu Changyou, the governor of Guangxi, to "stick to the border encirclement".

After the signing of the Second Treaty of Saigon, France temporarily abandoned further aggression against Vietnam because of the fact that the Franco-Prussian War had just ended, and in the eighties, shortly after the Jouferi cabinet, which represented the interests of the big bourgeois financiers, came to power, France launched another war of aggression against Vietnam.

In March of the eighth year of Guangxu, the French governor in Saigon, Captain Li Weili, led a team of 450 men to capture Hanoi again. In March of the ninth year of Guangxu, he invaded Nanding again.

The Qing Dynasty, as the suzerainty of Vietnam, gradually attached importance to the development of the war situation due to the appeals of various quarters, and made military arrangements: Zeng Guoji, the leader of the Hunan army, acted as the governor of Liangguang; Liu Changyou, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, was dismissed, and Cen Yuying, the governor of Fujian, who was calm and resolute and known as a tyrant, supervised Yunnan.

Tang Jiong served as the secretary of the Yunnan domain; At the same time, Li Hongzhang was not allowed to return to his hometown to serve three years of mourning, but was only allowed to return to Tianjin after 100 days of leave, supervise and lead the battalions of the department, practice conscientiously, and act as Minister of International Trade Affairs; and secretly sent Tang Jingsong south to contact Liu Yongfu's Black Flag Army and make it available to the imperial court.

It was during this period that the Yunnan reimbursement case began, and Prince Gong, as the chief minister of military aircraft, was born. Although he was not seriously responsible, after this setback, he became shrinking and completely lost his ability to do so.

He understood that the Empress Dowager Cixi was trying to capture the old man, so he was afraid that once the war situation was unfavorable, he would be caught, so he always respected Li Hongzhang's opinion on the French invasion.

May of the ninth year of Guangxu. The Black Flag Army and the Vietnamese people fought a fierce battle for more than three hours at the paper bridge west of Hanoi City, killing the commander of the French army, Li Weili, and achieving a great victory on the paper bridge that shook China and the rest of the world. When the news came, the whole country was boiling.

For a while, the remarks of the main battle were very loud, and the Empress Dowager Cixi was even more overjoyed and hurriedly summoned Prince Gong.

"Sixth Master, Liu Yongfu won a big victory in Paper Bridge, do you know?" Empress Dowager Cixi said excitedly.

"It's really gratifying that the minister knows."

"In the past few years, Britain, France, Russia, Japan and other countries have repeatedly violated my **** dignity, which can be regarded as a lesson to them, let them know that our Qing Empire is not weak and can be bullied."

"Yes." Prince Gong said lukewarmly.

The Empress Dowager Cixi continued: "Sixth Master, now there is Liu Yongfu who can use it; Cen Yuying, Tang Jiong, etc. also said that they could fight; The telegram sent back by Zeng Jize also said that it was not appropriate to make concessions to France; In addition, Vietnam's heart is towards our Great Qing Kingdom, isn't this all what it looks like to be able to fight? You tell me? ”

"Can't fight!" When Prince Gong heard that war was going to be made with France, he hurriedly said:

"The Queen Mother Shengming, these are all floating words outside! To say that the French army cannot defeat Liu Yongfu is to take France too lightly and Liu Yongfu too seriously, as for Cen Yuying, he doesn't know what to do when he first arrives. (To be continued.) )