Zhao Yili has eaten hand-grilled mutton in several other places, but it seems that this mutton is not so enjoyable, probably because the meat quality of the sheep itself is also slightly different, this lamb is often grazed on the grassland, by no means has been kept in captivity, the meat quality raised by these two breeding methods is very different, plus this is just slaughtered at home and immediately cooked, and the freshness of the meat is retained the most.

The sumptuous dishes on the table took a lot of hard work from Grandma and Ma Yan, so Zhao Yili first expressed his gratitude to Grandma and Ma Yan on the table.

The dish is a good dish, but this wine is a bit general, originally according to Abba's meaning, is to drink a little stuffy donkey and other high wine, but grandma because of Abba's old illness recurrence not long ago, in the name of letting Abba take care of the body, and all the wine in the family is really collected, even if the body is almost recovered now, it is still controlled.

With such a table of dishes, there is no good wine to accompany the dishes except mare's milk wine.

As a Mongolian citizen, and a Mongolian citizen who has no alcohol and no joy, Abba's forbearance is really respectable, and Zhao Yili also understood how deep the relationship between Abba and Mom should be at this moment.

Soon, the mare's milk wine at home was drunk, and Grandma looked at Abba at this time, and then looked at Zhao Yili, and reluctantly got up and decided to go to his secret wine storage place to get wine, at this time, Zhao Yili got up lightly with a smile, stopped Grandma, and said softly: Grandma, I'll do this little thing.

Grandma looked at Zhao Yili's back, looked at Ma Yan a little strangely, and muttered:

"Girl, did you tell him where I hid the wine or did he guess it?"

Ma Yan smiled, hugged his mother's neck and said:

"Grandma, you're so cute, Shi took the wine he brought himself, and it was difficult to carry high alcohol on the plane, so he brought the wine from a friend. Where can he know where you hide your wine, haha, you don't care! ”

After a while, Zhao Yili walked in with a small box and put it by the window, then took out two exquisite packages of different styles from the box, put them in front of Abba, and opened the packaging, which turned out to be a bottle of barley wine and a bottle of Wuliangye, both of which were pure puree wine made from pure grains.

This bottle of barley wine. It is a special wine on the side of Zangbian, with a unique taste, which can be said to be a rare special wine, but this bottle of Wuliangye was brought out by Zhao Yili from the inside.

Zhao Yili picked up two bottles of wine. Said to Abba:

"Abba, these two bottles, although they are not top-notch for a long time, but their origin is somewhat special. This bottle of barley wine was specially given to me by a friend of Zang Bian, and this bottle of Wuliangye is a special wine for Ouchi because of aviation conditions. So I just brought this bottle of everything with me, and if Abba likes it, I'll send you the rest when I get back. ”

Abba didn't speak. Instead, he smiled and nodded. Abba is more satisfied with the first time his daughter brought home this offspring, although he is a Han Chinese, but now the world of herdsmen has changed, and herdsmen are no longer the first choice for marriage.

"Let's two of you, which one to drink first?" Zhao Yili pointed to the two bottles of wine and asked.

Abba looked at the two bottles of wine, then pointed to Wuliangye and said:

"Come, I've lived for decades and haven't sung the special Ouchi sake, so I'll try this today."

Prairie night, everyone's tranquility. The temperature plummeted by more than ten degrees, Abba was drunk, and was helped into the back room by Zhao Yili to rest, Zhao Yili recalled the words that Abba had said to himself before he was drunk, and deeply appreciated the deep experience of an old herdsman who grew up on the prairie.

Abba's alcohol consumption is bottomless, Zhao Yili once thought that if he didn't cheat with his real skills, he might be drunk in front of Abba in the next second, but in fact, his own alcohol consumption was better than he expected, just like that, he heard Abba's nagging truth.

Abba said,

He is the son of an authentic herdsman, and when he thought that his children would definitely become herdsmen, his two children did not become herdsmen.

The son was lost when he was young and never came back, and the daughter also embarked on the road of studying, and this is the first time she has returned home since graduating from the police academy. The daughter said that the driving force behind her becoming a police officer was to find her brother who had fallen off the road back then.

Not long after Abba met Grandma, not only Mengbian, but also the production and lifestyle of several major pastoral areas across the country have undergone earth-shaking changes.

The first is the fencing of pastures, which has been built by families and many non-local herders have been relocated. What worries him is that the grassland has been fenced off in patches, which has exacerbated the desertification of the grassland.

Zhao Yi's research report in 2007 by an eco-expert and scholar who was very influential in society at the time confirmed that the large-scale degradation of layoffs in Mongolia officially occurred in the 80s of the 20th century, after the herder settlement incident.

If you want to say that there is no direct connection here, you can't believe it if you kill him.

"After the fence was built, some livestock had endocrine disorders due to the single species of grass they ate, and now the number of livestock, the amount of wool produced and the quality of meat have declined." After the nets were pulled, the cattle walked back and forth in one place, and the grass in the pens was either eaten or trampled.

Taking the Mengbian pasture as an example, the change in the production mode as a follow-up to the settlement project has made the herders have a different view from the mainstream public opinion on the subsequent impact of the pasture contracting and fencing.

There was once a reporter from the magazine "Man and the Biosphere", in the inspection of the Mongolian border pastoral area, interviewed more than 20 herdsmen, according to the reporter's original words at that time: the feelings of the herdsmen and the wishes of the current affairs policy are very different, after the pasture was contracted to each household for a fee, the report submitted to the above is: "The problem of people eating livestock in a big pot has been solved, and now it is the problem of livestock eating grass in a big pot of rice" They believe that the pasture can only be properly protected if it is distributed to each household. This is precisely against the laws of nature.

Abba drank another glass of barley wine, and it seemed that he was already seventy percent drunk.

finally opened his mouth to say a secret, maybe this is also the emotion that he has buried in his heart for a long time and has not confided in others.

"I was elected as the secretary of our gacha (administrative village). At the beginning of the implementation of grassland contracting, three of the best grasslands were allocated, about 100,000 mu. Since we want to fence it, we have enclosed the entire 100,000 mu into a large grassland, but we have not specifically distributed it to each household, but use the income of the entire grassland as a public income, and every herdsman in the jurisdiction can benefit.

"At the beginning of the farm contract, I felt that it was not conducive to grazing by allocating all the pastures. Therefore, 3 to 5 households are used as a work unit. More than 20 production teams are formed, and several neighboring production teams form a large operation group.

I call this a "combination of unification and separation". The improvement of livestock breeds, disease prevention and control, and disaster prevention are all done in a unified manner, for example, four medicated baths have been built to carry out medicated baths for the sheep of each family. When there is not enough forage in a disaster year, herders are organized to go to the pasture 200 kilometers away to graze grass.

The profits from the collective pastures are mainly used for disease prevention and treatment and the establishment of schools for herders.

"However, I don't know if this kind of unified and decentralized management mode can still be applied in the construction of new pastoral areas." Abba scratched the gray hair on his head. Not without emotion reminiscences.

Zhao Yili nodded, and later facts proved that this Taishan Lord's approach was determined to be correct.

"Of course, I was under a lot of pressure to do that. Fortunately, later experiments showed that my method was feasible. ”

"What works? Haven't you been retributioned? Grandma strongly intervened in the topic at this time and unceremoniously slapped Abba on the head.

Originally, his eyes lit up when he spoke. Even Abba, who seemed to have fewer wrinkles on his face, heard these words, and a wave of anger surged upward. slapped the table with a slap, and said indignantly:

"Hmph, that's their short-sightedness! Yes, I was reported later, and an investigation team was sent from above, and the situation was still optimistic, after all, the results were there, hey, who knows hum!

"Who knows! Oh, yes! People often say that tigers are harmless, but people are harmful! Your Abba was later framed by someone with a heart, and the investigation team got the evidence of the so-called corruption, and then squatted in the detention center for a few days, although it was later proved to be framed, but what is the use, after being discouraged, the secretary can't be done, who knows that he was also sick with anger, and he became ill from hard work, and a serious illness spent all the family's savings, and now he has to be a herdsman in a down-to-earth manner. Grandma helped from time to time, still indignant about this great change in the family.

"Don't interject! What's the use of talking to your child? Abba was a little annoyed and stopped Grandma from continuing to stir up.

"Hmph, although it is true that my heart is on fire, I am not sad for my official position, but for the livestock and grassland lost over the years."

Grandma got some sobering soup at this time and gave it to the two men to drink, muttering: "Come on, don't talk about it, it's old, it's going to be sick if you talk too much, why bother?" ”

Abba rolled his eyes, but in the final analysis, he still didn't continue to speak, it can be seen that he still listens to his wife very much in his heart, in fact, when it comes to this, it is estimated that what he wants to say is basically the same.

Then they drank another glass of wine, and the two of them quickly dried up the bottle of barley wine, and seeing that it was getting late, Abba went back to the house to rest, and when he left, he had not forgotten this prospective son-in-law, and shouted that Ma Yan must arrange the stone.

Zhao Yili knew what Abba's words were in his stomach.

Since the 80s, it has taken nearly 20 years for China to uniformly implement the nomadic herdsmen's settlement project in 13 provinces, municipalities and several major pastoral areas, among which the nomadic herders in the four major pastoral areas of the northwest Xinjiang border pastoral area, the northwest Tibetan border pastoral area, the central and northern Qingbian pastoral area, and the northeastern Mongolian border pastoral area have been converted to a settled or semi-pastoral and semi-settled state in the past 20 years.

In fact, since the government implemented the nomadic herder settlement project, there have been two completely different opinions on the economic development of pastoral areas, ecological protection, changes in herdsmen's lifestyles, and the process of pastoral modernization.

If it is not simply the pursuit of economic benefits, from the perspective of the ecosystem, the role of livestock on the pasture is generally stronger than the intake of food. Due to the light grazing around the yurt and the nourishment of livestock manure, the grassland quickly recovers and even grows better than before. And the pastures inside the fence and near the settlements can easily be trampled by livestock. The lack of grass around settlements has increased the distance and time for livestock to move, intensified trampling, and increased the area and intensity of degradation.

Later research has shown that those grasslands that are prohibited from grazing, or areas where grazing is restricted, are soon frantically occupied by a single type of grass after there is no livestock grazing, trampling and nourishment of livestock fertilizer, such as a certain artemisia that grows more than one person tall, this plant has a fundamental counter-effect on the conservation of water and soil, and the result is that the grassland land is desertified due to water loss.

In fact, more and more countries with the conditions for grazing are aware of the importance of nomadic herding for ecological protection, so they even go so far as to enact laws to enforce nomadism.

Attempts to revive traditional nomadic pastoralism, including even some industrialized countries, such as Australia, have realized that retaining livestock systems that move over a larger area may be better able to cope with climate risks.

In 1995, Spain introduced a law to regulate 120,000 kilometers of pasture roads to ensure the movement of herders. From a landscape and nature conservation perspective, the EU's current policy is also beginning to encourage pastoralism rather than intensive animal husbandry. "Actually, it's not like we think, nomadism is horseback herding. In the United States, there have been examples of the government using helicopters to help transport livestock to other places during disasters; Currently, a number of UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) and GEF (Global Environment Facility) projects are also beginning to support and encourage the movement of livestock over large areas. ”

There was no one to chat with, Zhao Yili took a cup of tea, sat on a chair in the courtyard at the door, quietly looked at the starry sky on the grassland, and after Grandma and Ma Yan cleaned up a table of cups and plates, Grandma also rested quietly, and Ma Yan also made a chair to accompany Zhao Yili to look at the stars.

The night sky on the grassland seems to be much more beautiful than that of the city, and the starlight on the endless prairie seems to be much more dazzling than in the city, because this settlement is somewhat remote, and the power facilities are not supplied here, and Abba's family conditions do not have a wind turbine, so at night, except for the occasional barking of the sheepdog, the home is as quiet as the five fingers that cannot be seen.

Ma Yan gently leaned his head on Zhao Yili's shoulder, rubbed Zhao Yili's face from time to time with a slightly cool face, and asked softly:

"Stone, do you like my hometown?"

"Well, I love it, it's so pure.

What I didn't expect was that Abba and Aunt were still such a pair of affectionate people, very good, very good. ”

(To be continued.) )

PS: Ma Yan gently leaned his head on Zhao Yili's shoulder, rubbed Zhao Yili's face from time to time with a slightly cool face, and asked softly:

"Stone, do you like my hometown?"

"Well, I love it, it's so pure.

What I didn't expect was that Abba and Aunt were still such a pair of affectionate people, very good, very good. ”