Chapter 179: Endgame
In the midst of the economic crisis, governments of various countries have made great efforts and exhausted all means to stabilize their own situation, activate the capacity of their own markets, maintain the social and international competitiveness of their enterprises, and strive to ensure that they are not surpassed by their opponents. Government departments are under extremely heavy pressure not only to provide relief to the unemployed and other poor people caused by other reasons in the country and to stabilize the social situation in the country, but also to promote the development of production and maintain the normal improvement of productive forces. The domestic situation of each country is different, the means and intensity that can be adopted are also different, and the effect is naturally very different, and the entire international community can be clearly divided into three major parts, each of which has a different classification, and so on.
According to factors such as the level of economic development, the degree of acceptance by the domestic masses and the positioning of the country, the international community can be divided into three parts. The first part mainly refers to the United States and Europe and other Western developed countries, which of course also includes Japan, a Western country in the East that oscillates between Europe, America and Asia, most of these countries are some old developed countries with relatively early development, and also include countries such as South Korea and North Korea, such as Russia, South Africa and Singapore, which also belong to this category of countries. The second part refers to emerging market countries such as China and India and Brazil, as well as Mexico, Argentina and some countries in Eastern Europe, as well as other countries such as those in Southeast Asia. The third part is the third world in the real sense, and the vast number of Asian, African and Latin American countries that lack money and mines belong to this list, such as most countries in Africa. In fact, it can also be distinguished in this way, countries with money, countries with a lot of money and countries with no money, so many big pieces. For example, although the United States in the first part of the country is extremely developed, the debt ratio of the entire population is very high, and the situation is not the same as that of many developed countries in Europe, and for example, although the economy of Russia is not very developed, their national psychological acceptance is very high, and their self-discipline ability is also very strong, and the social security system is relatively sound, and it is also classified as the first part of the country. It's just that government funding is relatively limited, and it belongs to the poor countries of developed countries. The difference between countries, especially the difference in the national situation, is the most important thing is the amount of reserve funds, which has caused a great difference in national policies, and the actual ability to cope with it is even more different, and the quality of life of the domestic people in the economic crisis is also quite different!
The first part of the country, mainly the developed countries in the West, they can be said to be experts in dealing with the economic crisis, the market has a little abnormality, they understand what is going on, the government departments quickly came up with an emergency plan that has been prepared, and the government has also reserved a large number of social emergency funds in peacetime, and the most important thing is that the people have been trained for a long time, and they have long been in chaos without being alarmed. It can be said that as soon as the economic crisis came, these countries were already beginning to arrange the aftermath, and because of the relatively mature social development, almost everyone who was older had seen the economic crisis and did not panic at all, and even the young people were unusually calm about it, and there was no major social upheaval. The social advantage of being convinced that they are normal taxpayers and that the government has a duty to take care of them in times of economic crisis, and that even in normal times, these people do not go hungry without going to work, and this accumulated social advantage makes the developed countries the most stable in the early stages of the economic crisis. Even the Korean and North Koreas, which have not long entered the ranks of developed countries, have maintained this state, and of course it is said that she has had several economic crises. Of course, due to the specific situation of different countries, the specific performance is still different, such as the European Union, Australia, Canada and New Zealand, these countries are basically smooth through, although the companies are seriously damaged, the domestic market has also been seriously damaged, but social life is still carried out as usual, people are not flustered at all, such countries have a certain market, the government reserves are also abundant, ordinary people do not have to worry at all, of course, this refers to the people who enjoy national treatment, foreigners and within the scope of protection. Other export-oriented developed countries such as Japan and Singapore, although the social situation is as stable as the previous countries, but because the domestic market is relatively small, the accumulation of wealth is mostly in foreign trade, especially on the basis of those large market trade, the market shrinkage and international trade stagnation caused by the economic crisis, so that the people of these countries, especially enterprises, are facing greater pressure, but because the private savings rate (Eastern countries) is relatively high, there is no shortage of living funds, and the actual situation is more stable. South Korea and North Korea can also be counted in this small group of countries.
The United States, which is also a developed country and is considered to be the most developed country in the world, is in a different situation from other developed countries, the economic crisis unfortunately broke out first, and then swept the whole world, which made her the target of public criticism, as a world power, increased her international burden, and at the same time her national consumption is advanced, the currency is internationally used, and previously used this advantage to issue * to maintain high domestic consumption in the world, some people joke that Americans spend the savings of people all over the world, which can be seen. Over the years, in order to maintain its huge political, economic and military power and maintain the high welfare of society, the government has accumulated a large fiscal deficit, and after the outbreak of the economic crisis, the dollar has depreciated rapidly, and people around the world who hold large amounts of dollars have rushed to sell, increasing the burden on the US government, which already has a huge fiscal deficit, and has to cut the amount of government relief funds, although it has the largest gold reserves in the world. As a result, the U.S. economy has suffered particularly badly, and the economic crisis in the Western countries, which claim to be the most developed countries in the world, has also suffered the most serious consequences, and its economic recovery has been relatively difficult, and its overall strength has been greatly damaged in the economic crisis.
Russia can also be classified into this category of countries, from the point of view of economic development, she is not as good as China, at least not stronger than China, but because her social foundation is relatively good, the basic quality of the people is generally very high, the regional development is relatively balanced, and has been tempered by various social disasters, the ability to withstand crises is not a grade compared with China, and can be included in the list of developed countries, although her capital reserves are far inferior to China. The first part of the countries has a common characteristic, that is, the people's awareness of accepting the economic crisis is relatively high, the social situation during the economic crisis is relatively stable, the government's economic measures are more effective in implementation, and the entire international community, except for a few countries, are among the first countries to get out of the economic crisis.
After the developed countries are some emerging market countries and sub-developed countries, such as China, India, Brazil, Argentina and other countries, their economic level as a whole is still some gap with the developed countries, more importantly, the social development is uneven, the regions are high and low, both the appearance of developed countries, and the foundation of developing countries, and their people are not strong, some countries have never experienced a serious economic crisis, or can not afford it ideologically, They are countries with more complex situations, and all of these countries are ambitious, bent on becoming a world or regional power, and have a huge domestic market. These countries are divided into several categories, such as Brazil, Argentina, Mexico and Egypt, and other countries, which are also more seriously damaged, all of which have different degrees of social unrest and at the same time the speed of getting rid of the economic crisis is not too slow. These countries also have one thing in common, although the government is not very rich, not as good as the developed countries, but they can still allocate a lot of money to help the poor, such as Brazil, with a population of less than 150 million people, during the economic crisis, the government used nearly 100 billion yuan of reserve funds for social assistance.
In this part of the country, the more prominent country is China, in the eyes of the world, this country is more like a developed country, although her overall level is slightly weaker than the developed countries, in this economic crisis, the government has spent a total of more than 500 billion yuan for social assistance, although the money is not much, but unlike other countries, China's private savings rate is relatively high, and there is a large private company to a large extent involved in social relief activities, Most countries in the world are ashamed of the sheer amount of money they use, and the government of a large country like Brazil invests only one-third of the money they make, making China one of the largest in the world. During the economic crisis, China's domestic social assistance funds amounted to more than 800 billion yuan, ranking first among all countries in the world and far surpassing many developed countries. Although the quality of China's people is different, and there have even been commotions in some areas, it is still relatively stable on the whole, and the domestic demand market is relatively huge, and the "Far East War" has brought many convenient conditions, which has promoted the rapid recovery of the Chinese market, and its recovery speed and degree of recovery are in the forefront of the world, faster than many developed countries, and they are all better, becoming the leader in the second part of the country, and re-establishing their status as a world power.
India is also a special one of the large or large economies, a country with a huge market, so badly damaged that international companies are rushing to flee, and it is the last country to recover, and it is a special example because it has created an unparalleled recovery rate among large economies, far exceeding that of other large economies. By the end of '39, Brazil had recovered 65%, Mexico 70%, Argentina 63%, Egypt 72%, but India left them behind with only 50%!
There are some special countries in this part, such as most countries in Southeast Asia, except for Singapore, most of them belong to this list, the social contradictions in these countries are more acute, although the economic level is good, and there have been several economic crises, but the people have not established the corresponding psychological preparation. As soon as the economic crisis came, social unrest began to occur, almost at the same time, with fierce ethnic conflicts, sharp confrontations between the rich and the poor, and bloodshed one after another...... What is more serious than this is the government's actions, due to political and other reasons, resulting in low government efficiency, serious factional strife, and thus triggered regime change in many countries...... In order to reduce the pressure on the government, the media under the control of politicians with ulterior motives has begun to divert people's attention...... Southeast Asia has always been the focus of international power contention, and almost every country has its own supporters behind it, with the United States, Australia, Japan, India, China, and even the European Union and Russia all looking for spokespeople in the region. Compared with the peaceful development of most parts of the world, this region gives the impression of strife and even war, so there is no economic recovery in Southeast Asia, let alone social assistance. But the world economic crisis is so serious that people simply don't want to pay attention to the affairs of other countries, let alone these countries in the corner of the Far East!
The third group of countries is the countries that have been seriously damaged but have no ability to provide relief, as long as they have no money and no strength, most of them belong to this category, mainly third world countries, widely distributed in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and even India almost belongs to these countries. These countries are not the main targets of the economic crisis, but the fire at the city gates has reached their pond fish, but the ruthless market laws show no mercy to them. These countries have weak economies and cannot withstand the invasion of strong winds and waves, and the losses are very heavy, and more importantly, the government is unable to provide relief, social contradictions have intensified, social riots have occurred everywhere, and even wars between countries have often occurred. The world's great powers are busy putting out fires at home, unable to care about these "troublemakers", and the arms dealers are happy to see these phenomena and make a lot of money, and by the time the international embargo policy* arrives, they have already made a lot of money, and then there is black market smuggling, and the price of arms is staggering...... The economic recovery of these countries is also relatively late, and the speed and degree of recovery are relatively low, and there have even been repeated phenomena, but because the total amount is relatively small, it has not slowed down the pace of the recovery of the entire world economy. Those who can save themselves will help themselves, and those who can't help themselves will slowly wait for the big countries to give them handouts, or get some small help from the United Nations, which is just a drop in the bucket and will not help at all, but these countries will eventually recover, because the big countries will always have to find spokespeople in all corners of the world, and someone will always find them, but that is many years later. When the big countries stabilize their domestic situation and accumulate a certain amount of funds in their hands, they will bring entrepreneurs to "support" these problematic countries, and by the way, they will sell their own enterprises, transfer the surplus productive forces, and wait for resources to be transferred to the country......