Definition of Gambling:

Gambling, that is, the game of betting on winning or losing by taking valuable things as bets in the form of card fighting, dice throwing, etc., is a form of entertainment for human beings. Any gambling in different cultures and histories? Scenery has different meanings. At present, in Western society, it has an economic definition, which refers to "betting money or something of material value on an event and an uncertain outcome, the main purpose of which is to win more money or material value".

History of Gambling:

Late Paleolithic

Tracing the history of human gambling, as early as the late Paleolithic period, there was a habit of "luck", and a large number of Chinese prehistoric civilizations used the method of "grabbing lots" to judge the good fortune, including major wars were determined by divination. Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty "Shuowen" contains "the ancient Wu Cao Zuobo", Wu Cao is Xia Wei's courtier, from this point of view, gambling appeared in the Xia Dynasty in China. Dice appeared in Iraq and India 5,000 years ago, and it has been found in ancient civilizations in Greece, Rome, the Middle East, and the Maya.

The most popular gambling in ancient and modern China and abroad, most of them are "collision" luck, such as odd and even, dice, four-door square treasure, and the lottery of modern public gambling also belongs to luck gambling. This kind of resigned gambling can be popularized for a simple reason: it embodies a kind of "providential" fairness and authority, and has a same-sex relationship with the primitive consciousness and religious concepts of human beings. Secondly, this type of gambling is simple and easy to understand in terms of procedure, not easy to cheat, and suitable for all kinds of social groups. In addition, there are entertainment gambling, luck combined with mental contests, such as mahjong and poker; Pure intellectual games such as Go and chess should not be gambled, because gambling is about verifying "providence" and "luck", which is what will always be full of charm.

religion

Gambling and primitive religion are undoubtedly empirically homologous, that is, religious rituals and gambling procedures are subject to the Providence Choice, which gives human society an unparalleled principle of order. The cultural tendency of the ancient Chinese to push the primitive experience of "Heavenly Dao" to the extreme has run through almost all life in religion, politics and economy, thus constructing a unique form of ancient Chinese civilization and exerting a huge impact on the world view and outlook on life of later generations of Chinese. The reason why Chinese are keen on gambling shows that they believe in the way of heaven, so that experience, customs, cultural traditions and thinking all follow the central idea of the way of heaven.

Legend has it that he surrendered to the dragon horse, observed the patterns on the dragon horse, and drew eight symbols of Qian, Kun, Zhen, Xun, Kan, Li, Gen, and Dui, so it is called "Bagua", in order to show the changes of all things in heaven and earth; It is also said that he imitated spiders to build webs, made fishing nets, and taught them to working people; making the piano and composing the song of "Driving Debate"; the establishment of a wedding ceremony; Teach people to hunt. The truth of Fuxi is not the scope of my concern, the key is that the overall influence of "Bagua" on ancient Chinese thought and culture is too great, and "Yi" only plays a role in connecting the past and the future, and almost all Chinese philosophical ideas and cultural concepts originate from it.

gossip

"Gossip" is clearly an evolution of the widespread use of lottery within the Commune, which was originally not directly related to witchcraft and gambling, and was intended to avoid disagreements within society caused by cheating by human will and selfishness, at least this kind of thing has existed, so that a primitive value experience and strategy were fixed in the era of the primitive Commune.

The reason why the clan era developed the lottery into a specialized form of witchcraft and used it as a means of religion, politics, economy, medicine and life is because the lottery process verifies the existence of some mysterious power. The most basic concept of hexagram is "yin" and "yang", and the change of different hexagrams reflects good luck and evil. The means of divination are exactly the same in nature as traditional gambling methods, this is only the procedure, and the key is that it ultimately depends on the mysterious outcome of "chance". This kind of contingency seemed mysterious to the ancients, who firmly believed that the hexagram was the choice of the heavens.

Primitive people go out hunting collectively, but once the prey is less than evenly divided, at this time, they are easy to take the long and short lot to decide the poor prey belonging, in the words of my hometown is "fair", the embodiment of justice is only straw and branches, but also later hexagrams and gambling equipment, both in their respective experience and history have a great development, but everything changes. The primitive commune was based on the fire pond, usually a blood family occupied the shacks and caves, but the labor maintained the primitive collectivization behavior, especially hunting showed the advantages and safety of the operation of the large number of people, and the return of prey had to be distributed, usually according to the population of the commune and according to the number of hunters; The latter is very much in line with the late Neolithic, with a private color of distribution according to work, such as those who have great merit can get headhunting.

The use of lottery to distribute attendance and the distribution of the fruits of labor, this relationship has been extremely common in the era of clan groups, this gambling method has played a huge role in the social order of human civilization and has a wide impact: for example, in the era of China's large collectives, the members of the "meeting" are usually "lottery meetings", and those who use lots to allocate those hard-working and laborious farm work to avoid disagreements and quarrels and reflect fairness, those who draw unlucky lots at most scold the world and admit that they are unlucky. In this way, social civilization avoided the violence of natural laws to a certain extent. Of course, the number of lottery fights has been used extensively, and its mixed results have made people have a stronger sense of mystery and association with good luck and evil; For example, people will make a reasonable match between the quality and quantity of their prey, and convince everyone through a fair process of drawing lots. Even so, the quality and quantity of prey will not be absolutely equal, and people are convinced that the luck of heaven cannot be ruled out, thus forming a sense of good luck and evil in the primitive mystery. The Chinese character "吉" is a synthesis of weapons and mouths, and some scholars naively think that the weapons are hidden in the mouth to show peace and auspiciousness, which is obviously completely wrong, and the prey and mouth blessing are the reasonable sources of "auspiciousness", and the special lottery to distribute the prey can better reflect the original meaning of "auspicious".

Number of draws

Due to the widespread use of lottery numbers, through complex religious ceremonies and full-time personnel to make it a political tool of the state superstructure, the lower class of society as a kind of fighting entertainment, the initial excitement of getting a piece of good meat stimulates people to constantly seek this psychological satisfaction, even if the gambling funds are scarce and insufficient, people are still enthusiastic about gambling "justice" in their leisure time, through the handboard, spanking and other punishments instead of rewards to achieve spiritual satisfaction. I remember when I was a child, I used straw to make a short lot of growth, and I grabbed it in my hand to reveal a small head and drew it by each companion. Obviously, those who draw short lots are unlucky and a portrayal of bad luck. To this day, the Chinese still use "card drawing" to tell fortunes, whether it is in the streets or temples and Taoist temples. This is a good illustration of the homologous relationship between gambling and primitive religion, which establishes the root of the cultural tendency of human beings to gamble nature, and more obedience and worship of the god of fate. In other words, it is gambling that exacerbates people's superstition about mystical powers, and religious ideas do not originate from inexplicable perceptions, but obviously have the necessary conditions or materials as empirical basis.

The reason why human beings are so fascinated by the accidental "fate" is that it gives people infinite mystery, including religion, politics and economics. History needs to constantly strengthen the shuffle to promote its progress, through chance to reorganize the structural order, including power and wealth need a platform for the game, gambling complements the other means of obtaining wealth through labor and power in addition to wealth, and there is no killing and coercion, all the establishment of procedural justice and autonomy under the principle, winning or losing is determined by luck, willing to gamble and accept the choice of God's arrangement. It completely relies on the power of people's primitive beliefs, and it is precisely a kind of social instinct and self-shaping of human beings.

International development

The development of modern Western capitalism is mainly manifested in the emancipation of the mind and moral breakthroughs, scientific tools and democratic systems have replaced the traditional rules and precepts, and the United States initially set up casinos in the border areas in a covert manner, but it undoubtedly opened the wind of gambling in Christian countries, and the Puritan Calvinist tradition could not withstand the impact of pragmatism and capital principles. As we all know, casino is derived from Dingwen casa, which means cottage, house, hut, thatched hut, and it was originally a place for social gatherings and entertainment and gambling. As early as pre-Christian Roman times, public gambling was all the rage, and the thrilling and bloody scenes of the fighting arena meant that citizens gambled big and small, just as sporting events are always associated with gambling money today.

Wide? The lottery industry was once called the "evil industry" and was excluded by the laws of most countries. In recent years, Bo? The lucrative profits brought by the color industry are widely accepted, and some countries have abandoned religious resistance. system, Bo? The color industry has gradually become legal in some countries. As a result, the color industry is booming. 1988 Bo? There are 77 countries that have legalized the lottery industry, and by 2001, the number had increased to 109. The development of the color industry. Developing countries? The development of the color industry is more rapid, South Africa's Johannesburg (Johns?Burger) and the Turkish North Cypnus (Northerncyprus) are among the representatives. In recent years, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries are vigorously developing tourism expos. Color industry, especially since the financial crisis, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia's currency has depreciated sharply, has a strong attraction to tourists, from the perspective of economic growth, these countries have also begun to vigorously develop Bo? Colorful tourism.

Internet? gambling

Internet? Gambling generally refers to the act of gambling using the internet. Because this form of gambling is new, it is difficult to define it precisely. Internet? There are many types of gambling, and basically the main gambling methods in real life can be carried out online. However, due to the influence of uncertain factors such as time and place, it is generally based on "outcome" type gambling (such as gambling? Balls, horse betting, online hundreds? etc.), and there are relatively few more complex ways to operate on site (e.g., Zakin? flowers, rats, etc.). Internet? Gambling generally uses credit? Funds are transferred by card betting, telephone betting, and electronic transfer. Most casinos are set up abroad.