Section 370 The aftermath of the Red Revolution
On November 7, the ninth year of the Republic, the workers' Red Guards and soldiers in the Russian capital Petersburg (St. Petersburg) staged another armed uprising in the streets of Petersburg under the leadership of François and the Peasants' and Workers' Party. And the cruiser "Aurora" of the Second Pacific Fleet in the Russo-Japanese War fired empty shells, and with her cannon as a signal, the workers and soldiers of Petersburg began to attack the Winter Palace, storming the Winter Palace in the middle of the night and arresting members of the Provisional Government. Kerensky fled, and the Provisional Government was overthrown. In the evening, the Second All-Russian Congress of Peasants' and Workers' Deputies was held at the Smolny Palace, at which it was announced that the Provisional Government had been overthrown and that all central and local power had been transferred to the Congress of Peasants' and Workers' Deputies*. The next day, François made a report at the Congress, which adopted the Peace Decree and the Land Decree, formed the first government of the Congress, the Council of People's Commissars, chaired by François, and the birth of the world's first socialist state. The victory of the armed uprising in Petersburg laid the foundation for the victorious advance of the regime of the Congress of Peasants' and Workers' Deputies. From October of the ninth year of the republic to February of the tenth year of the republic, the revolution spread throughout Russia.
It is a pity that when the Russian Maoists were excited about the overthrow of their little fathers, the usually moderate Chinese* government suddenly sent a note to the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the People's Commissar of People's Commissars Lev61 Blomstein, announcing that China had decided to evacuate overseas Chinese because of the deterioration of the domestic situation in Russia. The expeditionary force of a rapid reaction division arrived in Murmansk by ship from the Arctic Ocean route in the North Sea, marched to Petersburg, and then camped at the Simonov barracks on the outskirts of Petersburg.
The arrival of more than 10,000 Chinese troops did not change the confrontation situation between the two sides, and the Chinese troops also drove armored vehicles through Russian rural towns, constantly escorting Chinese and some Russians who asked for refuge to assemble at Simonov Barracks, and then sent them to Helsinki's international train, the Chinese embassy in Finland went all out to handle reception and visas, groups of black-haired and yellow-skinned Chinese, blonde and blue-eyed Russian nobles, deep-eyed Tatars, Ukrainians, Jews, The Georgians even had some Russian officers and soldiers who had followed the train blankly, but they were all refugees on the international train, and a month later they would sail from Finland to Shanghai and Qingdao on a national mail ship chartered by the International Red Cross and the Tzu Chi Society of China. In this rescue operation, known as the "rescue of the century", from November 21 of the ninth year of the Republic to April 13 of the tenth year of the Republic of China, a total of 423,000 people from China and other countries were evacuated in 150 days, and 879,000 Russian refugees were accepted, including many close relatives of the Tsarist family and outstanding Russian scientists, artists, writers and other outstanding talents, including Pavlov, Tsiolkovsky, A. A. Tolstoy et al. What no one knows is that the evacuation operation was also carried out with the cooperation of François and the Peasants and Workers Party, and in addition to the large number of people evacuating, 1,700 tons of goods were transferred to China, including 240 tons of gold reserves of the Tsarist Royal Court and the Russian government, as well as a large number of Chinese cultural relics in Russia.
"The hope of the world is in the East." This was the opening sentence of Time magazine in its March 1918 issue, because the longest-running and costly humanitarian relief operation organized by the Chinese government and the expeditionary force made many Americans who had no idea of China's responsibilities and obligations in the international community finally discover the fact that China is also a responsible power.
"When Britain, France, and Germany, the most advanced and civilized old Europeans, slaughtered their fellow human beings like wild beasts in the mud, and when our President Wilson sent boatloads of American lads onto the meat grinder on the Western Front, the Far East, a country farther away from Europe than we are, in order to save the lives threatened by the mob, sent their most elite soldiers, paid large sums of money and supplies to all sides, and painstakingly escorted train after train of people seeking help from Russia, which had fallen into madness. All the efforts of a country that dragged the pig's tail ten years ago were based solely on the brilliance of humanitarianism, which was enough to put to shame every great power that pretended to be civilized. ”
The spicy text is just in line with the anti-war sentiment in Britain, France and the United States, a huge anti-war movement quickly set off in Europe and the United States, refusing to conscript, refusing to work overtime to produce munitions, and even refusing to hunt down those deserters and evaders of military service, the chaos of these Entente countries almost collapsed on the Western Front, if it were not for the timely cancellation of a new round of offensive plans by the British, French and American coalition commands, perhaps now the Germans could have sung and carried their guns home for Valentine's Day.
"The universities and newspapers we are monitoring have not reacted much to the civil unrest in the Russian country, and this is almost all the propaganda documents about the Russian Revolution that we have found. Please take a look at it. The head of the investigation department of the Coordination Bureau stood in Wu Chenxuan's office in a leather coat. The usual steadiness and pungency were gone, and if you looked closely, the sweat on the back of his neck had become a stream, and the knuckles of his fingers that were pressed together in the seams of his trousers were already a little white.
Of course, Wu Chenxuan didn't pay attention to his strange appearance, he was looking through these reports. Knowing what was going on, of course, he could not let François develop his followers in China, otherwise even if China established a Peasants' and Workers' Party, it would be a vassal of Maozi.
"What's the biggest problem in the world? Eating is the biggest problem. What is the strongest? The power of popular union is the strongest. What not to be afraid of? Don't be afraid of the sky, don't be afraid of ghosts, don't be afraid of the dead, don't be afraid of bureaucrats, don't be afraid of warlords, don't be afraid of capitalists. "The idea of opposing power politics and realizing the great union of the people is very close to the simple proletarian ideology. Looking at the words of the pen name "Xiaoxiang Farmer", Wu Chenxuan's smile was a little bitter, there was a Jiang Zhengqing, and another Hong Shifan, this world is really talented.
"Keep watching, put these authors in C-level control, and if they come up in tandem or form an organization, take immediate action, but solve the problem within the legal framework, understand?" Wu Chenxuan also felt that after all, it was only the stage of ignorance, and if he could control the contradictions between labor and capital at a low level, expand China's welfare audience, enhance China's national strength, and maintain a good development trend, the ever-increasing cake and the protective measures of the government's intervention would be enough to make the workers who have more skills gradually become rich and become a middle class with constant production and perseverance
However, taking into account the situation on the Western Front, the evacuation was completed. The quick reflex division did not immediately withdraw to France, but used some reason to stay in Finland. Although more than 10,000 heavily armed soldiers always make other countries have some scruples on the territory of other countries, for the sake of the face of 15 tons of gold, Finland, which is small and weak, is still wise not to take measures to drive away the rapid counter-division of the expeditionary force.
The victory of the October Revolution led by François gave him a new understanding of "socialism", he said, "Russia overthrew the aristocracy, expelled the rich, the labor and peasant circles formed a commission government, the Red Banner Army swept away many enemies, the Entente changed its face, and the whole world was shaken." Finally, after the completion of the Chinese evacuation operation, the Peasants' and Workers' Party, which thought that it had mastered a certain amount of strength, was no longer afraid of anyone, holding in its hands more than 20,000 Mosin Nagant rifles and more than 300 mountain artillery and field guns under 100 mm that were imitated by Krupp. François called on China to carry out "ideological emancipation, political emancipation, and economic emancipation," and pointed out that "the deeper the oppression, the greater the reaction.
At this time, there was not much concern for Russia in China, not to mention the industrial and commercial capitalists who were busy making large sums of money, the workers who were busy working overtime, the peasants who were busy collecting an extra three or five dou under the system of rent reduction and minimum protective prices for agricultural products, and even the most active university students and cultural figures regarded the Russian Revolution as a poor people's rebellion similar to the French Revolution. With the exception of Chen Shaoqiu, a previously well-known oppositionist, who took over the pen and introduced François's Russian Revolution as a fresh revolutionary idea, only a few sensitive intellectuals realized the difference.
Li Weichang, director of the Propaganda Department of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Xinhua Party, and Chen Shaoqiu had a heated fight in the newspapers and met more often in private. Instead, they became a pair of happy enemies who scolded each other when they met, and this kind of friendship between the two lasted for a long time, which can be called an alternative pair of boys in the history of modern Chinese culture.
Many traditional literati also published articles condemning François for messing up Russia and attempting to harm China, and Gu Zhenfu, who had always had braids, said in a class at Shandong University: "We recognize that the powerful are all human beings, and they are all our kind. The abuse of power is their unconscious error and misfortune, and it is the old society and old ideas that infect them and harm them. Defeat the power with the might, and still get the power as a result. Not only is it self-contradictory, but it is also ineffective. Most literati think that the "Alliance" and "Entente" wars in Europe, and the "South" and "North" wars in our country are all of this category. Therefore, our opinion, in terms of scholarship, advocates thorough study, free from the shackles of all legends and superstitions, and seeks what is the truth. On the human side, it advocates a "revolution of voices" – the cry of bread, freedom and equality – the "bloodless revolution" – that the masses unite and the power is sustained. We do not advocate causing great disruption and carry out ineffective "bomb revolutions" and "bloody revolutions".
Obviously, the majority of the literati were opposed to all violent revolutions, including, of course, François's theory of class struggle. Traditional Chinese culture has always despised the method of "treating others the way they want to be treated", and does not agree with the Russian Peasants' and Workers' Party's desperate cannibalism among their compatriots at home. In this way, the vigorous May Fourth Movement in history is no longer necessary, because China has neither a deep labor contradiction nor a crisis of imperialist partition, on the contrary, the concessions have been withdrawn one by one, even Hong Kong has determined the return after the war, and Qingdao is simply defeated by the Chinese army itself. Where would China go without May Fourth, perhaps the answer can only be found in that mysterious base at the southern foot of Qinglong Mountain.