Section 355 The labor tide started in Guangdong and Hong Kong

The Western Front once again returned to the state of trench warfare, and although neither side wanted this, the laws of war itself could not be reversed by manpower. Without the powerful and sophisticated assault force of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, a quick breakthrough became a luxury. The cost-effectiveness ratio of defense and attack had reached an astonishing ratio, and no matter how fanciful the generals were, the soldiers did not believe that their artillery and infantry could break through the opposing lines, and that the soldiers on both sides of the front had reached a tacit understanding that any officer who forced them to leave the trenches and charge was their mortal enemy.

Therefore, the most basic strategy of the Western Front is to hold its own trenches and prevent the other side from breaking through. This strategy generally ends in a war of attrition, in which the enemy's resources and manpower are drained cleanly. But some ambitious commanders still want to win a decisive battle. The Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, General Douglas 61 Hagrid, had been trying to use cavalry to break through enemy lines, and as a result, the Battle of Flanders in 1917, which was dominated by British troops, was thought to end quickly before it began, but eventually became a costly war of attrition.

The tactical support planes and bombers of the fourth batch of four divisions and two wings of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, which were eagerly awaited by British and French dignitaries and military leaders, were slow to move. Finally, the diplomats of the British and French embassies in China sent an urgent telegram to their country almost at the same time: "There have been major changes in Canton, China, workers' strikes, merchants' strikes, military and police dispatches, armed clashes in the streets, and many dead and wounded. ”

At this time, in the hot springs on the outskirts of Kyoto, two naked Japanese were bathing in the hot springs, but judging from the young men patrolling with swords and the maids who respectfully arranged their clothes, these two were not rural people.

"Zong Fangjun, where do you think the Guangzhou Incident planned by Banxijun will eventually go? I'm really looking forward to it," said a bald middle-aged man who looked eight points similar to his bald head and said to a middle-aged man with a square face and a beard on his lips.

"Akashi-kun, to be honest, I'm optimistic about you in this matter, Banxi-kun is too careful, such an action will not touch the foundation of the chief of Jinan, but will send his opponents to his knife, which is very unwise." This guy who looks like a gentleman is very disdainful of the Banxi organ in Guangzhou, "Back then, Mr. Fukushima had a discerning eye and recommended you to serve as a military attaché to the legation in Tsarist Russia." If you're in Guangzhou, you won't get carried away with these two stupid people. Such an approach is really extremely irresponsible to the mainland's strategy. ”

"Zong Fangjun, Banxijun is also to deepen the contradiction between the Revolutionary Party and the Xinhua Party, maybe he has another deep meaning, we didn't go to the scene, some of the situation is incomplete, it's better not to comment more." This Akashi-kun seems to be a righteous gentleman in words, but those who know him don't think so.

In 1904, before he went to Europe to take up his post, he proposed a budget of 1 million yen to the General Staff Headquarters, which was definitely a huge amount of money, and at that time, even the governor of Hyogo Prefecture and provincial military cadres were only paid a little more than 100 yen a month! The General Staff Headquarters flinched for a moment, but the then Deputy Chief of Staff, Lieutenant General Okawaishi, fully trusted him and said that he would not ask how the money was spent. After learning about the strength of the opposition in Russia in Petersburg, he found a bald man from Geneva, and through observation, he felt that this person must be the one who could succeed in the revolution in Russia, and immediately proposed that the Japanese government would provide funds to aid the socialist movement he led. Akashi refused to accept it on the grounds of betrayal of the motherland at first, so Akashi said, "As a Tatar, the overthrow of the Romanov dynasty, which is known as a national prison, is the greatest patriotism." So the Tatar bald man entrusted Lev 61 Davidovich 61 Blomstein with the money to finance his activities. A series of subversive activities were carried out, including the assassination of the Minister of Internal Affairs of Tsarist Russia in 1904 Vyacheslav 61 von 61 Pleway; The "Sunday Massacre" in Petersburg on January 22, 1905, in which 4,600 petitioning workers were killed and wounded in one day; His shadow can be found in the June coup d'état in which the battleship "Potemkin" mutinied. These were the Russian Revolution of 1905, which later came to be known as the General Exercise of the 1917 Revolution. It can be shown that Shi is already at the top level in the world in instigating internal turmoil against the enemy to contain the other party, how can he not see Sakanishi's thoughts, but he is just unwilling to declare it.

"Delay the fourth batch of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, and use the industrial and commercial conflicts in Canton to contain the growth of the Chinese in Europe, so as to gain some opportunities for the Imperial Army to perform." In addition, those guys in Kanto Prefecture are ready to move again, don't forget that Bansai-kun is still a major general of the army. Munakata was not optimistic about Banxi's approach at all, believing that the army was not satisfied with fighting with Russia, and that there would not be much benefit in victory, so it was better to expand the empire's power in Manchu and Mongolia first.

"Well, maybe that's what to think about." Akashi didn't expect the Army to dare to move the idea of Tohoku, but from the boldness of these army staff officers, it seems that it is also possible. "By the way, the workers in Guangzhou seem to be treated well, why is it so easy to instigate?"

"Yes, Ju Rengong, what do you think is the reason for this Guangzhou incident?" Gathering again in the conference room of the Ministry of National Defense, these bigwigs knew very well that this was to discuss how to deal with the Guangzhou incident. Wu Yuncheng, who had just returned from Beiping, still had an idea of the Guangzhou incident, so he took advantage of the ten minutes before the meeting to inquire with Xu Lao.

"It is said that the workers made the trouble first, and it seems that they are not satisfied with the wages." Huang Xinpei happened to come in and interjected.

"Not really." Wu Yuncheng felt that it seemed unreasonable, could there be any hidden truth in this, you must know that at this time, the working class had not yet lived in dire straits as later generations had propagated.

According to a client who worked as a coolie, "At that time, it was not so easy to work on the wharf, so I had to find a reliable person as a guarantee", and I had to pay a one-time * "rent a wheel" (about 2 yuan), "go down the river" (about 2 yuan, pay the river money before you can work on the wharf), and buy simple tools such as baskets and flat poles. Once he became a dock worker, he had the right to fix his strength, and he also had the guarantee of income, and at that time, the wharves in Chongqing basically had work to do every day, so soon after working at the wharf, he repaid the 7 yuan he borrowed from his relatives.

At that time, his family had seven people, and life was very difficult, because "my family waited for my salary to eat", so as long as it was hard work, he did it, such as helping people carry sliding poles and burying dead people. Although the income was good and bad at that time, the salary was still enough for the family. According to the old man's recollection, he lifted the slide rod for the famous "stupid teacher" Fan Shaozeng, and earned 2 yuan in one day with five corners. Because of the low price at that time, the price of rice was only a few cents a catty, and 2 yuan was equivalent to a year's rent money for their family, which showed that this was a lot of wealth for him, which made him remember it vividly. But there are many bad times, sometimes when there is no "way to live" to do, the family has to drink porridge with wild vegetables, hungry until they find a new job to do.

The average person thinks that going to school should be a luxury for coolie families, but this is not the case. The old man recalled that when the children of their family reached the age of going to school, they all went to school, and even "let the children read when they could", and their five children basically went to primary school. It can be seen that the proportion of education expenditure is not large. In addition, the old man also mentioned that at that time, there were good halls on various wharves in Chongqing, which were run by the local gentry, and were mainly responsible for providing some free medicines, soup soup and rice, and clothing, as well as providing help for destitute families, such as sponsoring their children's schooling and providing funeral expenses after death. In particular, several super chambers of commerce have followed the Shandong Chamber of Commerce to learn the system and method of employee management, in addition to the increase in wages for employees, but also often implement some small favors and welfare policies, so there are really not many workers in the autonomous region will go to the boss to make a salary.

For example, an ordinary female worker in the Rongjia Yarn Factory, after working for one month, received half a month's salary - seven oceans. In other words, she can earn 14 yuan a month after becoming a regular and can support her family. In the second year, she became a skilled worker and took care of two looms with a monthly salary of more than 30 yuan, and at this time she began to have some savings. At this time, the average daily wage of female workers in Yunnan, Guichuan and Guangdong was 0.45 yuan, while the daily wage of female workers in Japanese-funded yarn factories in Guangzhou was the highest 0.73 yuan, the lowest was 0.18 yuan, and the average was 0.455 yuan. In the military and political departments at the same time, the salary of the first-class police inspectors in Shanxi counties was only 12 yuan per month.

At this time, the average monthly wage of ordinary workers in Wuhan was 15 yuan. Most of them are the three major yarn factories of female workers, Yuhua and Zhenhuan, with 15,000 workers and an average salary of 20 yuan. In the past few years, among the 16 industrial industries in Shanghai, the top three workers have the highest monthly actual income, and the highest monthly actual income can reach more than 40 yuan. Workers earn like this, but what about the living conditions of workers? According to survey statistics, there were three main types of renting houses for workers in Shanghai at that time: renting factory buildings, renting bunks in inns, and renting their own houses. Of the 97 textile enterprises surveyed, 62 provided housing for all workers and 8 for a part. The conditions of the workshop rented by the company's employees are relatively good, and some companies have even built staff apartments for employees. For example, the "Xinxin Department Store" opened by Liu Xiji, an overseas Chinese from Zhongshan, Guangdong, can apply for free living in the company's dormitory for single employees. The dormitory also has facilities such as a library, cafeteria, and sports field. The situation of the lowest level of contract workers belongs to the first type, and they basically rent a factory. At that time, the Shanghai Concession Bureau conducted a survey of 60 workshops in a textile factory, and the average number of households and 15.32 people lived in each factory in the eight years of the Republic.

Since food and shelter are provided, and the salary is enough to support the family, the general strike that spread to the province and Hong Kong has indeed confused the bigwigs who do not know the truth. In addition to these Xinhua veterans, in fact, even Akashi and Munakata in Kyoto did not understand, in their impression, the Chinese workers were not going to be starved to death and would not argue with the owners, since the workers' incomes were not low, then what kind of large-scale workers' strikes would be?