In the autumn of the ninth year of the Republic, with the complete defeat of the military forces of the revolutionary party and the southwestern warlords and the rapid recovery of the south by the national defense forces, even the Tibetan rulers in Lhasa knew very well that a storm of change of dynasty was imminent, and the victory of the Xinhua Party or the Chamber of Commerce faction was just around the corner. When news of the victory of the Chamber of Commerce reached Lhasa, the Tibetan rulers did not feel serious pessimism at first, believing that "no matter who is the emperor, Tibet is still the Tibet of the Tibetans." ”

However, it soon spread from the top, the Han Army (National Defense Force) is not the previous Manchurian Emperor or President Qiao, they basically retain a suzerainty over Tibet, that is, a face of unification can be, but through the news of Qinghai and Gansu from the merchants and lamas, it seems that the National Defense Forces do not like the theocratic ruling system, anyway, after the fall of Qingma, Qinghai is controlled by the secular power, and the temples of the lamas have not been burned, but the decree of the Buddhas is the same as the mantra of the Taoist priests of Maoshan, It's becoming of little practical value.

With the fall of Kangding and the surrounding area, Liu Cunhou, who had once feared the Tibetan army, fled to Lhasa and then went to India via Nepal. If in the past we only heard about the prestige of the Wehrmacht, now the Wehrmacht's bayonets are all on the throat of Tibet. According to the Memoirs of the Living Buddha of Lobsang Records: "In Lhasa, people began to think about fleeing to India, and they transferred their valuables to India or hid them in temples, and temples began to buy Indian rupees. "I remember that my house was full of a bag of rupees and put it on the table, so I could run away at any time if something happened......"

As far as any Chinese regime is concerned, Tibet is an inalienable part of China, and anyone with a discerning eye can see that the entry of the National Defense Forces into Tibet is a non-negotiable matter. After the fall of Tsing Ma in the fifth year of the Republic, the Panchen Lama sent a congratulatory telegram to the central government and the United Parliament to express his respect. At that time, Qiao Fu and Wu Chenxuan also sent telegrams back to the Panchen Lama, expressing their invitation to "Han and Tibet as a family to build a prosperous era together" and that "the central government of the Republic of China and the Chinese National Defense Forces will be able to safeguard Tibet's prosperity and stability." ”

Actually, the authorities in Lhasa, Tibet, do not think so, and the "Foreign Affairs Bureau of Tibet" actually sent a whimsical letter to Wu Chenxuan, minister general of the Ministry of National Defense, expressing the position of the Tibetan side:

His Excellency Wu Chenxuan, Commander-in-Chief of the Xinhua Party:

Tibet is the place where Guanyin Bodhisattva was indoctrinated, and has become a beautiful place where religion flourishes. As China borders Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces, please do not allow the national defense forces to cross the border and invade Tibetan territory. We can rest assured that you can give this order to your officials and follow it carefully. Some of Tibet's territories have been occupied by China in recent years, and it is hoped that after you end China's civil war, it will be resolved through peaceful negotiations.

At the same time, the Tibetan authorities hoped that the British and Indian forces would assist Tibet in resisting the "invasion" of the National Defense Forces and would send a "mission" to Delhi. In this regard, on October 20, the ninth year of the Republic, the spokesman of the International Liaison Department issued a statement on the Tibet issue, saying that Tibet is China's inherent territory and accusing the local authorities of Tibet of "diplomatic activities" as treason. Since the two sides have completely different understandings of history and reality, military conflicts are inevitable.

Although the British and Indian governments were fully committed to contributing to the Western Front in Europe, they did not ignore the threat around them, and the colonial government of India had already predicted that the entry of the Wehrmacht into Tibet would be inevitable, so they decided to provide military support to the Tibetan authorities. In June, before the end of the Southwest Campaign, India delivered a large number of weapons and equipment to the Kashag government, including 54 Vickers heavy machine guns, 168 Lewis light machine guns, 1,260 Li Enfei rifles and a large number of ammunition. These new weapons have emboldened the Tibetan authorities to confront the central government.

On 11, 17, and 20 October, the Tibetan army escorted more than 130 people from the Nanjing Central Government Office in Tibet, their families, and some Han businessmen to the Indian border, forcing them to return to the interior, claiming that this was to prevent the National Defense Forces from capturing them.

When Lieutenant General Wu Ziyu flew to the 10th Army's base in Xichang, the joint parliament issued a message, saying: "The joint parliament expresses great indignation and resolute opposition to the Tibetan local government's practice of splitting the country,... There is a limit to our patience with such behavior. At the same time, information reached Qamdo that the Wehrmacht had reached the west bank of the Jinsha River, at the junction of the Han-controlled Kham and the Tibetan-controlled Kham. On 22 October, Xiong Bingsan, speaker of the Joint Assembly, sent a telegram calling on the Tibetan government and people to accept the plan for Tibet's peaceful reunification, stressing: "Tibet is a part of China, and the Tibetan authorities cannot prevent the national army from entering Tibet, nor can they expect foreign aid from Britain and India." Under these circumstances, the Tibetan authorities were forced to send representatives to Jinan for peace talks, and newspapers across the country reported the news, hoping that this would prevent the Tibetan people from suffering unnecessary losses.

But the hope is wonderful, and the reality is indeed cruel. The Gexia government had reached an internal consensus to resist the "invasion" of the Han Chinese regime. On 24 October, the two sides made their first military contact in Dunko, a village about 100 miles northeast of Chamdo. Deng Ke was located next to the main road from Ganzi to Yushu, and the governor of Qamdo, Glu 61 Lamao Wangzan, set up a radio station and observation post in the area. In a surprise attack by the IDF in the mountains, the radio station was destroyed in one fell swoop. According to the operator who fled back to Chamdo, "I was watching out the window from the radio transceiver...... They had arrived, and there were hundreds of them, and they all poured into the courtyard of the radio station. I told Solang Phuntsok, who was on the radio, but he continued to report and was arrested. They had already caught Solang Dorjee on the way, and I was hiding in a pantry, which they never opened. I crawled out that night and escaped. After reciting and praying for a while, Gru ordered Muchadaiben, who was stationed near the Yushu border, about five days northeast of Qamdo, to immediately lead his army back to Qamdo. Its troops are very disciplined and pay attention to appearance, and they are an elite unit in the Tibetan army.

Gru hoped to mobilize an elite force to launch a counterattack against a company of the 60th Mountain Division of the Wehrmacht in Yushu, rescue the telegrapher, recapture the radio station, and deal a heavy blow to the Wehrmacht. He believed that the F-FDTL had just arrived, did not know the people of Kham and were unfamiliar with the terrain, and that it was the best time to launch a surprise attack. However, events did not develop according to Gru's plan. The Kham people in the Dunkor region deceived Muchadeben by not telling him the exact location of the IDF, leaving his troops in an IDF ambush and suffering heavy casualties.

In the eyes of the Kashag government, they won a tactical victory at the Battle of Dunko. In this battle, they repelled the attack of the Wehrmacht, which proved that the Tibetan army was able to compete with the Wehrmacht. So the two sides began to exchange fire when they both thought they could achieve a final victory, and at this time Lieutenant General Wu Ziyu was still on the plane to Chengdu.

"Chief of Staff Xie. What is the situation in the direction of Ganzi Yushu now? As soon as Wu Ziyu got off the plane from the field airfield, he began to communicate with his old buddy, Chief of Staff Xie Fang, about the situation on the front line.

"The exchange of fire is expanding to regimental units, but our army can basically use a company against the opponent's battalion in the offensive, and if it defends, relying on field fortifications is enough for the opponent's regiment to gnaw." said lightly, but Xie Fang didn't have much smile on his face, "The key is damn altitude sickness, everyone can't even use half of their usual strength, if it weren't for the oxygen pillow and the advantage in firepower, they really wouldn't dare to use light infantry and mortars to fight against the opponent's large-scale attack." However, if we are ambushed or have an encounter while on the way, it is difficult to say what our chances of victory will be. ”

After holding a campaign meeting above the division commander, everyone also knew that the deployment of the Tibet campaign was not large, and it was only the special contingent of the 10th Group Army that joined the Southwest Campaign, that is, the 50th Mountain Division, the 60th Mountain Division, and the 66th Rapid Reaction Division, as well as a special tactical company codenamed 701, a special combat unit directly under the Ministry of National Defense. Although there are at least three or four passages into Tibet, the only feasible option is to open up the Qinghai-Tibet line in terms of the difficulty of logistical support, and it is believed that the Tibetan army has also been deployed. Therefore, there is not much to win this battle by surprise, everyone is defending and fighting for the various passes on the Qinghai-Tibet line, and the first thing to fight for is the gateway to the Tibetan area - Qamdo.

The Battle of Qamdo was a decisive battle for the liberation of Tibet, to which both the United Assembly and the Ministry of National Defense attached great importance. At that time, the main concern from the General Staff to the 10th Army was altitude sickness and logistical supply problems. Wu Ziyu left the army the next day and stayed in the three mountain companies on the front line for three days, and then Wu Ziyu submitted an application to the General Staff Department for a postponement of the march, and in his report to the General Staff Headquarters, he said, "The two regiments of the 66th Division stationed in Ya'an are still short of food because the transportation from Rongya (Chengdu to Ya'an) is blocked, and the large quantities of oxygen bags, food, and ammunition required by the Qinghai-Tibet troops (referring to the two mountain divisions) cannot be raised on time. ”

The report to the General Staff on the postponement of the Battle of Qamdo on 6 November was also based on the fact that "it would be absolutely impossible to rush the minimum quantity of supplies in advance". On 9 November, Wu Chenxuan agreed to the telegram of Lieutenant General Wu Ziyu on the implementation plan of the Qamdo campaign to the governments of Sichuan, Qingdao, and Shaanxi, as well as the troops of the 7th and 9th Group armies stationed in eastern Sichuan and Qinghai, specifically asked: "You have provided supplies and grain to the various units of the 10th Group Army marching from Ganzi to Qamdo, and all the grain is carried by the troops and yaks...... Does Ganzi already have such a large amount of grain, and does the troops and yaks have such a large transportation capacity? "On November 16, the Kang-Tibet Highway was opened to traffic to Ganzi, and the materials prepared by the Southwest Command of the General Logistics Department have begun to be transported to Ganzi, and what makes everyone even more gratifying is that the condors of the standard air force have begun to take off and land at the field airfield in Jiangda County, and the larger-scale semi-permanent airport in the Yushu area has also been basically completed, which is enough to provide the take-off and landing requirements of transport aircraft and large transport airships.

The day is not far off when the eagle wings of the Wehrmacht will soar into the snowy blue sky.