"Boss, what do I think of the circuit architecture of this kind of machine...... How does it feel more like a simple version of the computer" more than two hours later, Mark carefully read all the information, the feeling of reading is very weird, this kind of machine is called a computer learning machine, since it is a learning machine, of course, only a part of the computer functions are right, but the function of this learning machine is very complete, in addition to the lack of a monitor, it can be used as a simplified version of the computer, and his volume is still so small, smaller than the PDP-8 small computer produced by DEC company, Its design is different from all the computers on the market today, and its circuit architecture is much simpler and cleaner than that of all computers on the market.

"Then you're looking at this." Ling Shizhe didn't answer him directly, and took out a document from the drawer and handed it to Mark.

The cover of this document reads Personalputer, and Mark frowned, opened the cover, and watched as Mark's brow furrowed deeper and deeper.

It was another long wait, and Ling Shizhe, who was bored, let Mark slowly read the information in the office, and he ran around various departments by himself, and looked at the development progress of the memory by the way.

The progress is quite good, after all, there is his guidance, so that the researchers have taken a lot of detours, the development is quite smooth, the memory chip drawing design has been completed, the capacity is only 2k, well, there is no problem with the design idea, I took a general look, and told Grove and others some tips on how to improve the capacity of memory chips, including the relationship between memory particle density and capacity, the principle of memory chips is the same as the principle of flash memory chips, the only difference is that when the memory is storing data, it is stored with electricity, and it is emptied without electricity, The relationship between particle density and capacity is entirely useful.

After pointing out a few minor design mistakes, he returned to his office. Mark hadn't finished reading it yet, and Ling Shizhe didn't care about him, and began to deal with his own work, and there wasn't much work, just a few documents that needed his signature, and he soon finished processing, and then picked up today's newspaper and read it.

The newspapers didn't look at it at all, and the leftists and rightists in Hong Kong started fighting again, all of them were political arguments, and they all said that they were right, how wise and great they were, and the people believed in me and had eternal life, and accused each other of being demons, and if you believed in him, you would go to hell.

I'm bored to death, you say that these parties, how can one or two of them be like charlatans, they have nothing to do when they are full all day long, they are arguing there all day long, they don't do anything at all, and they believe that he has eternal life, believe in you a ghost, you want me to see, both sides are not good things, they should all die, go to hell, this world is at least quieter.

Flipping back is full of entertainment gossip, the content of which is about a movie "Big Brother Tangshan", which sold more than one million at the box office, shocked the whole Hong Kong and the like, Bruce Lee became famous or something.

This movie was made by Hong Kong Golden Harvest Film Company, the boss is Zou Wenhuai, he used to be the general manager of Shaw Brothers Pictures, somehow fell out with his boss Run Run Shaw, and finally resigned and opened his own film company, this million-dollar box office blockbuster movie "Tangshan Big Brother" was made by this company.

Ambrera also provided a commercial sponsorship of 20,000 yuan for the film, with only one request, asking for a lot of unveiling of the newly launched computer camera and function calculator in the film, so in the film, the heroine will be seen many times walking around with an Apple camera when she is fine, shooting everywhere, or often holding an Apple calculator to settle accounts.

Ling Shizhe is not familiar with any of the stars of the sixties and seventies, so he knows a Bruce Lee and a Ding Pei, and the former died in the latter's bed.

In this era, advertising is implanted in films, but there are no films in Hong Kong, it was Ling Shizhe who proposed to Shaw Brothers Film Company, as long as a few advertisements were implanted in Ambrera Company's products in urban films, a commercial sponsorship fee would be given, ranging from a few thousand to tens of thousands of Hong Kong dollars.

I used to cooperate with Shaw Brothers Films, but last year, Golden Harvest came to the company to solicit sponsorship.

A small person like Zou Wenhuai was not the turn of Ling Shizhe and Foster to meet in person, and he was only entertained by a small manager of the marketing department. Ling Shizhe knew that he was here to solicit sponsorship for "Big Brother Tangshan", and immediately gave him 200,000 Hong Kong dollars in commercial advertising sponsorship, he knew that this movie was very famous in Southeast Asia and Japan, and 200,000 yuan would definitely not be lost.

At three o'clock in the afternoon, Mark finally finished reading the information, the coffee was already cold, Ling Shizhe called the secretary to change two cups of coffee, Ling Shizhe took a sip and said to Mark: "Do you have any thoughts after reading it?" ”

"It's a great idea to sell a computer learning machine to customers first, and then sell them a personal computer when they get used to it, but I don't know what this home video game console is, I do know about the game console, but the video game console ...... It's still home, sorry boss, I really don't understand what this thing can be used for. ”

"This video game console is very simple, it is ......" Ling Shizhe was stunned, he found that he really didn't know how to explain to Mark what a video game console was, because this kind of entertainment was fundamentally different from the previous entertainment methods, people in this era had never seen what a video game console was like, and if he wanted to explain to Mark, he didn't know where to start at all.

Mark said that the game machine Ling Shizhe knew that it was a coin-operated entertainment machine, which was improved from the vending machine and had a long history.

In 1888, the German Stowwick designed a machine called "automatic egg laying machine" according to the principle of the coin mechanism of the vending machine. People regard the machine invented by Stockwick as the prototype of the coin-operated game machine.

But the game console that was really used in the entertainment industry was the "music box" game console that appeared in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. As soon as the player throws a coin, the wheel inside the soundbox will automatically rotate, driving a series of unevenly distributed orifices to strike steel pieces of different lengths to play music. Later, the famous magician Berem designed the coin-operated video game machine. Although it is a video, it is still mechanical, and the operator can see the puppets and the background movement performance from the observation hole after the operator inserts the coin.

In the era of economic depression, the gambling industry around the world was extremely prosperous, so many coin-operated machines such as poker machines, horse racing machines, golf pachinko machines, etc., abounded, and once replaced the healthy entertainment industry. It wasn't until the thirties that competitive simulation games emerged in the United States, among which the "one-armed bandit" console, which simulated gunfights, was very popular. Since then, game consoles simulating various sports (such as target shooting, basketball, and fisherman) have also appeared in casinos.

From the end of the nineteenth century to the fifties and sixties of the twentieth century, most of the coin-operated game machines belonged to mechanical or simple circuit structures, and the players were mostly young and adults. At the same time, with the rapid development of global electronic technology, the first electronic computer appeared in 1946 after the war, and its technological achievements permeated various fields, and a revolution in the entertainment industry was also brewing.

After the Second World War, computer technology developed by leaps and bounds. First, transistors replaced bulky vacuum tubes, and later integrated circuits and large-scale integrated circuits appeared, enabling electronic subcomputers to be updated from generation to generation, and software technology also developed rapidly. In the United States, there are many computer software design talents, and in their spare time, they often like to make a kind of "game" that can compete with others, so as to exercise their programming ability. There are many kinds of such "games," but they are characterized by the use of computer software's pre-designed "analysis" and "judgment" abilities to compete with others. Due to the constant revision and updating, the "intelligence" level of the computer is indistinguishable from that of a human.

The California Electrical Engineer Ball Game designed the world's first commercial video game console, the electronic tennis game console.

The electronic tennis machine had a dramatic experience: Bushnell negotiated with the owner of a nearby casino to see if it was acceptable. Two days later, his boss called him and told him that the so-called "video game console" was "broken" and told him to go and fix it. Bushner dismantled the casing and was surprised to find that the coin box was full of coins, so he forced the coin box to fill it. Bushnell's success inspired him to further develop and produce video game consoles, and for this purpose he founded the world's first video game company--- Atari.

This electronic tennis game machine is the world's first arcade machine, some people call him "ping-pong" game machine, in less than two years, tennis game machine sold 10,000 units, the video game machine was a great success.

The success of Atari has opened the eyes to the emerging and huge market prospect of video games.

In 1972, Magnavox launched a console called "Odyssey", which was the world's first home console.

Two years later, Atari launched its own Pong home console, which defined the basic architecture of the modern PC and was the ancestor of the modern PC and console.

In the future, whether it is Nintendo, Sega, Sony or Microsoft, the game consoles they launched will be Pong structure, and even the famous Apple computer and IBM PC will borrow the Pong structure.

So what exactly is a pong? To put it bluntly, PNG is a single-purpose computer, and its architecture is not unusual at all: motherboard, CPU, PPU, cache, memory, chipset, hard disk (game card), etc.

When you see this kind of organization, do you think it is very similar to today's personal computers? For example, later generations of personal computers, laptops, video game consoles, and various online mobile terminals are all based on this pong structure, and even smartphones have begun to rely on the pong structure. The advantages of PONG mechanism are small size, low cost, simple mechanism, easy maintenance, strong and durable, stable and reliable, and very powerful.

Now it is still a while before the birth of the world's first video game console, and I can't understand it just by saying it, so after thinking about it, Ling Shizhe said: "Mark, do you remember that there is a guy named Nolan Bushnell in Silicon Valley, USA? ”

Mark thought for a moment and said, "There's such a person who is called a crazy player. He's unkempt and grinning. If you run into an old friend or a lovely lady while walking after dinner, you often forget to go home. His personality is like that of a teenager, playful, casual, and seems to be a teenager disguised as middle-aged. ”

"That's right," Ling Shizhe patted his hand and said, "For Bushnell, the computer is just a game toy, and I agree with him very much, in my mind, the personal computer is a toy." And video game consoles are single-purpose computers, do you remember? In 1962, three MIT students programmed a small game program on the PDP-1 minicomputer launched by DEC, which they named Spacewar, which was widely circulated at MIT and loaded into the $4 million mainframe computers of many universities in the United States. Eventually, even DEC used it as a tool for troubleshooting new computers before they left the factory.

But Bushnell was crazy about this small program, and once "soaked" in the university computer room all day long to play "space". Saying this, the two laughed at the same time, this is not to laugh at Nolan Bushnell, but to think that Nolan Bushnell is very interesting, and only in the West will there be such a person, if it is in the East, such a person is not blamed if he is not killed, thinking of this, Ling Shizhe shook his head, the gap between China and the United States is not only in science and technology, but also far from the pioneering and inclusive degree of thinking.

To put it bluntly, cutting-edge technology is a creative technology, and the inventor must have unbridled creative thinking, and if he always follows the farts of others, without any ideas of his own, he will never be able to become the world's first. No matter how much a country or a famous nation suffers, as long as its people do not lose their creativity, they will never fall, and sooner or later they will stand on top of the world, and it is no accident that the United States has become the world's first.

And what about in our own country? They keep shouting about innovation, but since ancient times, they have been dealing a devastating blow to this innovative talent, because they don't need such people, such people make those in power feel threatened, they feel a deep fear, they are afraid that they will lose their privileges. All they need is the obedient people, a bunch of slaves who only know how to work without any thoughts, and only such a people are in their own interests, and they can enslave the people forever.

"Boss, boss, what's wrong with you?" Mark called back Ling Shizhe, who was thinking nonsense.

Reacting he waved his hand at Mark and said, "It's nothing, talking about Nolan Bushnell reminds me of something else." ”

Mark nodded, and didn't ask him what was the matter, he didn't think there was anything wrong with the boss's behavior, in his heart, the boss was also a scientist, and scientists often talked to people about things, and suddenly they suddenly had new scientific thinking, and he had seen a lot of this kind of thing, and there was nothing strange about it.

"By the way, where did we just go?" After sorting out his thoughts, Ling Shizhe suddenly forgot where he was talking about.

Speaking of Nolan Bushnell, he once "soaked" in the university computer room all day long to play "space". Mark reminded.

"Yes, that's where Nolan Bushnell got the inspiration to play Space War, and he thought he could turn this game program into a computer game console for mass entertainment. So I ......"

"So the boss, who designed this video game console?" Mark suddenly understood, he suddenly remembered that when he was in the North American laboratory, some employees in the company wrote some fun little programs to change their brains when they were bored, and these small programs were very popular with the whole company, even Ambrera CEO Alison also loved to play it, but unfortunately running these fun little programs can only run on expensive machines, if it can be on a very cheap machine...... Suddenly, Mark's eyes lit up, and he saw that Ling Shizhe was about to speak, but Ling Shizhe preemptively said, "Now you understand what a video game console is?" ”

"Yes boss, I think I should understand what a video game console is, in the laboratory in North America, some of our employees will also write some fun and interesting mini-programs in their spare time, these mini-programs are very popular with everyone in the company, I think these interesting mini-programs are video games in the mouth of the boss, right?"

Ling Shizhe nodded, let him continue, he wanted to hear how much understanding Mark had of the game console he said, if Mark didn't understand enough or didn't understand it thoroughly, then these three machines couldn't be handed over to him to develop, God knows what strange things he would develop, and when the time came, Ling Shizhe would only cry.

Seeing that Ling Shizhe nodded, seeing that his understanding was right, his confidence was also raised, and he continued: "At present, these interesting little programs, oh no, are video game program software can only run on large and expensive computers at present, if we develop a small and particularly cheap single-purpose computer to run these interesting and fun programs, I think it will be very popular with everyone, right, boss." ”

"It seems that you fully understand the idea of video game consoles for me."

"It's a pity boss.,Since the game console is a single-purpose computer,Why do you want to use a CPU with a CISC architecture?,From this machine,The CPU of the RISC architecture seems to be more suitable, right?"

"The RISC is not suitable, and the CISC is the most suitable, because there is a problem that the RISC cannot solve, and only the CISC can solve."