Modern turbofan aero engine design, no matter what genre you are, must follow a basic design principle, Wu Zhonghua's "Wu General Theory".

Wu Zhonghua, born in Shanghai in July 1917, graduated from Southwest Associated University in 1940 and stayed on to teach, received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1947, and successively served as a research scientist and PIB professor at NACA. Later he went to work for Rolls-Royce Engines in England and in the early 50s he published a paper "Universal Theory of Ternary Flow in Axial, Radial and Mixed-Flow Subsonic and Supersonic Turbomachinery".

During his work in the UK, Wu Zhonghua invented the Spey engine according to the "ternary" principle, so he is known as the "father of the Spey engine".

Wu Zhonghua's Spey engine is world-famous, which is characterized by high thrust, low fuel consumption, good maintainability and long service life. Even the United States has introduced the right to manufacture this type of engine, which has been improved for use in the A-7 attack aircraft.

With the introduction of Spey engines in the United States, the design idea of "Wu's General Theory" was also introduced to the United States, and then soon became the standard theory for global turbofan aero engine design.

On the basis of the "Wu's General Theory", the United States put forward the ideas of "standardization, modularization, serialization" and six sigma (standard tolerance), so the famous F-110 and F-119 engines were born.

France's aero engine design also adopts the "Wu general theory", but France has limited funds and technology, so only the "ternary" basic principle in the "Wu general theory" is retained in the design of turbofan engines, and the rest is simplified as much as possible to reduce the technical difficulty of the engine in the development process. Its masterpiece is the famous 53 turbofan engine.

-53 turbofan engine, according to the "Wu general theory" or the American and British design school standards is too simplified, the thrust of the engine is also very meaty, but the French in the -53 creatively use the three-fulcrum single-rotor structure, compared with the United States and Britain twin-rotor structure, -53 although the performance is poor, but the structure is simple and reliable, easy to maintain. As a result, France got the nickname of "minimalist design school".

At the beginning, Britain looked down on the -53 engine, but the appearance of the Mirage F1 changed the British people's perception of the -53.

Prior to the advent of the Mirage F1, all jet designs around the world followed the traditional aircraft design philosophy (i.e., the main wing in front and the horizontal tail in the rear). This design has a characteristic, that is, the thrust of the aero engine is very high, so the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union have tried all means to improve the thrust of the engine in order to pursue the high performance of the aircraft, which has caused the structure and technology of the aero engine to become extremely complex, and the development cost is like a rocket.

Britain first couldn't support the defeat, don't look at him to make a three-generation classic like Spey, but it stopped there, as for the fourth generation, it really couldn't afford it, so Britain embarked on the road of joint development of aero engines with other countries.

The thrust of the -53 engine is really enough compared with Spey, according to the traditional aircraft layout, the plane can only barely fly, and it is not even thought about to meet the requirements of modern and fierce air combat.

The Phantom F1 breaks this tradition, and it adopts a new tailless delta wing design, which cleverly solves the problem of insufficient engine power.

First of all, the tailless delta wing, its wing area is much larger than the traditional aircraft wing area, so the aircraft to obtain lift is about 30% larger than the traditional aircraft, which relatively reduces the thrust requirements of the aero engine, the thrust requirements of the engine are not high, is a typical type of small power, large lift.

Second, the tailless delta wing also meets the requirements of modern fighters at high altitude and high speed, so although the thrust of the -53 is small, the Mirage F1 tailless delta wing fighter is not weak at all compared with the fighters with traditional layout structure. For example, in the Second Middle East War, the Mirage was completely invulnerable in the face of MiG and Soviet-style fighters, especially in small radius maneuvers, which was unsurpassed. This shows that the maneuverability of the tailless delta wing aircraft is not worse than that of traditional aircraft, and in some respects it is even higher than that of aircraft of traditional structure.

Third, due to the large area of the delta wing, the tailless delta wing fighter can carry more fuel than the traditional aircraft, so as to achieve a large range and a higher time in the air. There is another advantage of the large wing area, that is, you can set up a few more hardpoints on the fighter, such as the Mirage 2000 has nine hardpoints under the belly, the Typhoon fighter has 13 hardpoints, and the French Rafale has 14 hardpoints, with a load of 6-8 tons, which is not less than F15 and Su27, except for the perverts like Su35 and Su34.

The appearance of the French Phantom made its neighbor Britain a drop in glasses, they never thought that the plane could be designed like this, and in terms of performance on the Middle East battlefield, the Phantom is not weak at all. So Britain began to re-examine its previous engine design ideas, since then Britain gave up the previous American design ideas, began to turn to the French design ideas, that is, not blindly pursue the maximum thrust of the aero engine, the thrust is a little smaller, as long as it is enough, which led to the birth of the EJ200 aero engine.

Spey engine, length 5025 mm, diameter 1093 mm, weight 1850 kg, maximum thrust 545 kN, afterburner thrust 911 kN, thrust-to-weight ratio 505.

EJ200 engine, length 3556 mm, diameter 863 mm, weight 900 kg, maximum thrust 60 kN, afterburner thrust 90 kN, thrust-to-weight ratio 10.

The F119 engine has a length of 4826 meters, a maximum diameter of 113 meters, a weight of 1360 kg, a maximum thrust of 156 kN, and a thrust-to-weight ratio of 117.

It can be seen from the data of these three groups of engines that the Spey engine belongs to the typical third-generation heavy-duty high-thrust engine, indicating that the United Kingdom at that time, like the United States, was still obsessed with the big pit of pushing, and then the appearance of the French phantom finally embarked on the correct path of pushing, otherwise continue to play big push like the United States and the Soviet Union, and he must be played to death.

The EJ200 is a mid-thrust aero engine that fully absorbs the advantages of French engine design, the EJ200 program was first born in 1982, and the first prototype of the EJ200 was launched in 1991. This engine combines the advantages of simple structure and high reliability of French engines, as well as easy maintenance, and also combines the advantages of "standardization, modularization, and serialization" of the United States, so Ling Shizhe takes it as his future aero engine.

Of course, France's 88 turbofan engine is also a choice, but 88 has one of the biggest shortcomings, that is, its core engine performance is too poor, although France later spent a high price from the United States to get part of the F110 core machine G9 part of the technology, thereby improving the basic performance of the 88 core engine, but 88 can only be regarded as a barely four-generation aero engine in terms of technology, and EJ200 is a whole level worse.

Moreover, the core engine of F110 G9 was first developed for the engine F101 of the B1 heavy supersonic strategic bomber, so the structure of the G9 core engine is unusually complex, so the engine structure of the 88 that absorbs the F110 engine technology is also complex, you must know that the French aero engine is famous for its simple and reliable structure, but the 88 is a freak, the structure is complex, not to mention the price, its performance is more than the RD-73 (pД-73) designed by the former Soviet Union for the MiG-29 Turbofan engines are not much better.

It can be seen that the French were pitted by the Yankees, 88 is completely a big pit, the French have strong technology, relying on the country's financial support, they can fill the Yankees' pit, but Ling Shizhe does not have this ability, and there is no financial support from the state behind him, Ling Shizhe will choose 88 aero engine unless he is crazy.

Compared with the French 88, the basic structure of the EJ200 engine is relatively simple, and it is technically easier to achieve, with a total of no more than 2 billion US dollars in research and development funds, Ling Shizhe is also more acceptable in his heart, even if he wants to overspend in the end, as long as it does not exceed 6 billion US dollars, it is completely within the scope of his heart. You must know that the total development budget of Ford's Mondeo is 9 billion US dollars, compared to the Mondeo, spending 6 billion to make the EJ200 fifth-generation aero engine is a big profit. And there is a big push version of EJ200, that is, a large pile engine called EJ300 in Europe and F136 in the United States.

The EJ300 is a spare engine for the stealth fighter F-35, and the UK intends to wait for the F-35 to be officially equipped, and the British version of the F-35 will choose the EJ300 engine for the power module, including the vertical take-off and landing version of the F-35. This is an engine that can be compared to the F-119, Ling Shizhe can't find any reason not to develop him.

"Chairman, I look at this sketch of the core aircraft structure you gave me, how do I think it looks a bit like the RB199 engine of the European "Tornado" fighter! ”

"That's right, I came from the structure of the European RB199 engine." Ling Shizhe nodded and said, worthy of being a senior expert in aviation power, he saw the key at a glance, "However, this XB-40 core engine can have higher performance requirements than the RB199 engine, that is, large thrust, large thrust, light weight, small size, simple structure, high reliability, durable leather and high economic indicators, how can you have the confidence to complete it?" ”

Wang Yuanzhuo wiped the sweat from his head and said, "The technical difficulty is too great, I don't dare to pack the ticket at will." You must know that our foundation is really poor, and we do not have a little accumulation of aero engine technology. ”

Ling Shizhe was silent, Wang Yuanzhuo was an expert in the best aero engines that could be found in Europe and the United States, his attainments in turbofan engines were not below Wu Zhonghua, and he was even better than the blue, even he was not sure, Ling Shizhe really didn't know who to go to.

The European EJ200 turbofan engine is the simplest structure and relatively smallest technology that he can find in all the advanced engines in Europe and the United States.

After thinking for a long time, Ling Shizhe turned his heart sideways, looked at Wang Yuanzhuo with sharp eyes and said: "Professor Wang, you are the best aviation power expert in our Chinese world except for Wu Zhonghua, even you are helpless, and I don't know who else can take on such a big responsibility." Although I was not talented, I was deeply favored by the chairman of the committee and conferred the rank of general of the party-state. The X-40B core aircraft is related to the strategy of China Airlines, even if there is a sea of swords and fires in front of me, I will not hesitate. Can I give you $8 billion, 20 years, and give me a fully mature and reliable engine? ”

Wang Yuanzhuo was stunned, oh my God! When did you become a loyal fighter of the Three People's Principles? You Ling Shizhe have always shouted slogans loudly, but you have never seen you do a thing that a Three People's Advocate should do, fool others into a good hand when the time comes, and your Lao Tzu is a virtue, the banner of Three People's Doctrine is held high, but you don't see any action, what kind of Three People's Activist is it.

However, the words have already been released, according to Wang Yuanzhuo's understanding of Ling Shizhe, he knows that he has made up his mind to make an aero engine. His boss is like this, can he still retire, so he also turned his heart sideways, looked back at Ling Shizhe's eyes, and said resolutely: "Since the chairman has made up his mind, I am not afraid that all the money will be wasted, then I will also gamble, as long as the research and development funds are sufficient, 20 years later, I will give you the engine you want!" ”

"Good! This is the true nature of our Chinese No. 1 young aviation power expert, I am waiting for your engine! After shouting the slogan, Ling Shizhe quickly entered the substantive work state, "I gave you the money and time, I will give you the people you want, no, you tell what kind of people you need, I will find them for you." Other than that, do you have any other requirements? ”

"The XB-40 core engine is very similar to the RB199 engine, but the structure is simpler, if the chairman can get an RB199, I am sure. As for the rest, there are none. Wang Yuanzhuo suggested.

"Hahaha...... So that's what you're asking! Hahaha...... Rest assured, Alison has been ready for you for a long time. You know, last year, a Canadian "Tornado" fighter crashed during routine training, and Allison got an RB199 through a relationship, although this engine is not usable, but the appearance is basically intact, and it is now in the warehouse of the Canadian headquarters. If you want it, I'll call them right now and ask them to send it over. ”

Wang Yuanzhuo said happily: "Great, with RB199 as a reference, we can avoid many detours." You don't have to send it over, just put it in Canada's Jet and Propulsion Laboratory, and I'll see it. ”

Ling Shizhe nodded and said, "Cheng, you are the person in charge of the Jet and Propulsion Laboratory, you have the final say." In addition, I also helped you get four British Speys, but they are civilian, I wonder if I can help you? ”

"What's the Spey, it's four, where did you get it from, chairman?"

Ling Shizhe sighed and said: "That's a long story, to put it simply, it was the four Speys that Bombardier bought from the United Kingdom in order to develop four large trunk airliners. Then Ling Shizhe told Bombardier's founder J-Arandbobardier about the development of large aircraft.

"I see, okay, I know what to do. Although there are no technical drawings, just by dismantling it, you can still see a lot of doorways. It's still helpful to us. "It's like a book, the house of books! Unique URL: