Ling Shizhe organized the language in a way that ordinary people could understand as much as possible: "Why do personal computers have to use CISC architecture processors instead of RISC architecture processors? The reason is determined according to the different requirements of each user for the computer in the application field. The personal computer is an idea that I put forward, and this idea is based on the fact that the future development of computers will be smaller and smaller. If the world's first computer with transistor technology, PDP-8, launched in 1965, is called a minicomputer, then the idea of a personal computer that I propose is actually a computer that is smaller than a minicomputer, that is, a microcomputer, or microcomputer for short. ”

"Microcomputer?"

"Yes, microcomputer," Ling Shizhe said with a smile: "The English name is personalputer, referred to as PC." The PDP-8 minicomputer launched by DEC is a computer that uses transistor technology, so my personal computer, which is also a microcomputer or PC, is a computer that uses integrated circuit technology. It is a personal computer that can run independently and perform a specific function. It doesn't need to share resources such as processing, disks, and printers from other computers to work independently. ”

"But what does this have to do with whether or not you use a CISC architecture processor?"

"Of course there is, and it has a lot to do with it, our company has already developed a CPU codenamed C8008CISC architecture last year. We have conducted comparative tests on the CPUs of RISC and CISC architectures, and we found that although the CPU of CISC architecture is inferior to the CPU of RISC architecture in terms of computing speed, it has too many advantages over the CPU of RISC architecture in terms of versatility and hardware compatibility.

You must know that personal computers first belong to the category of general-purpose computers, general-purpose computers can complete many tasks in people's daily work and life, while special computers are not, special computers only use it to complete specific functional tasks, which is why I use the CPU of RISC architecture on the computer camera, and not the CPU of the CIS architecture on the computer camera.

Because it's not necessary, for a computer camera, people use it just to take pictures, as long as it can complete the task of taking pictures. As for general-purpose computers, there are too many tasks to be completed, such as word processing, enterprise financial data computing, scientific data computing, etc., these operations are very inadequate if the computer using RISC architecture wants to complete a single-purpose task, but it is very incompetent to complete the tasks of one of the purposes and other purposes of the computing tasks at the same time.

If you have to use a RISC-based computer to do what a general-purpose computer can do, then you need to have multiple computers for different purposes. If you have to do this, please note that the price of both general-purpose computers and professional computers is very high, and you buy so many computers for different purposes just to do general work, so it is too far to stand on the place, don't you think it is too wasteful to spend money?

Personal computers are different, first of all, the CPU he uses is the CISC architecture, which belongs to the category of general-purpose computers, which can complete a variety of tasks in people's daily work and life, in addition to its small size, it is not much space, and the price is much cheaper than that of a mainframe, a medium-sized machine or even a small computer, which can be used by individuals, enterprises, and even special industries, as long as the computer does not put forward harsh computing requirements, it can also be competent for general computing tasks. And don't forget Moore's Law, under which the performance of personal computers will also become stronger in the future. ”

Call! Ling Shizhe exhaled, after saying so many words, his throat smoked, he took a big sip of the teacup, turned his head and found that the three old gentlemen were still thinking about what he said, Ling Shizhe did not disturb them, and sat quietly on the sofa and slowly sipped tea.

As for why personal computers can only use CISC architecture processors, Ling Shizhe still has one thing that he did not say, that is, compatibility, but this compatibility can only be reflected after the personal computer enters the market and is recognized by consumers and upgraded.

Versatility and compatibility are the eternal core of personal computers, especially in compatibility, which cannot be sloppy at all. After the birth of the PC in the 80s, it gained great popularity in the market, and many traditional computer manufacturers began to develop their own personal computers, hoping to break the PC camp of IBM. Those computer manufacturers, when developing their own personal computers, the vast majority of them actually choose the RISC architecture CPU as their personal computer central processing unit, and do not choose AMD or Intel's CISC architecture CPU as their own processor, and the reason why they choose to use the RISC architecture processor is that Intel's x86 CPU, that is, the complex instruction set architecture CPU is not as good as the RCD architecture CPU in terms of performance.

It is true that the CISC complex instruction set architecture CPU is indeed inferior to the RISC compact instruction set architecture CPU in terms of performance, but the RISC architecture CPU loses to the CISC architecture CPU in terms of versatility and compatibility. This is related to the working characteristics of the two processors, the RISC thin architecture processor, the reason why it cannot be popularized on a large scale in the field of personal computers, is because the operation of a large number of instructions requires a large number of registers. And the register is too expensive, so individual users can't afford it, and the price of the register is very expensive.

On the contrary, CISC complex instruction set architecture processors require only a few registers, which individual users can afford to spend very little money on.

Some people may say that since RISC thin architecture processors require so many registers and are so expensive that individual users can't afford them, don't those companies see that they can't see it?

Tell you, they know, know completely, but they get into a misunderstanding, they are too superstitious about Moore's Law. What is Moore's Law? When the price remains the same, the number of transistors that can fit on an integrated circuit doubles approximately every 18 months, and the performance doubles. In other words, the performance of a computer that can be bought for every dollar will more than triple every 18 months.

It is this law that makes them use RISC thin architecture processors to make personal computer CPUs without hesitation, and the price of registers will indeed drop twice every 18 months, but they forget that people's pursuit of computer performance is never endless, when they are still worried about how to reduce the cost of personal computers with RISC thin architecture processors, Intel's CISC complex instruction set architecture processors - X86 series processors have passed Moore's Law and Davey's Law, to make rapid upgrades to bridge the performance gap of RISC Reduced Instruction Set Architecture processors.

At this time, another shortcoming of the RISC thin architecture processor was completely exposed on the personal computer - compatibility.

Compatibility has become the biggest killer of RISC thin architecture computers. Think about it, what kind of mood will it be when the software that individual users spend money to buy cannot be used on the upgraded computer, and if they want to use these software on the upgraded RISC thin architecture personal computer, they must spend money again, so the result is that the individual user keeps spending money, and the user is willing to do it? Only fools will do it, and in the end individual users will not hesitate to abandon the RISC compact architecture personal computer.

For example, Intel's processors in the 21st century have been upgraded to i7, but the software used on 286 computers can still run on i7 without barriers; And what about iPhones that use RISC thin architecture processors? After ARM11 is upgraded to ARM12, many software running on ARM11 cannot run on ARM12, and software vendors must upgrade or reopen the software to run on ARM12.

This is also the fundamental reason why Intel's processor is only average in terms of performance, but finally defeats all opponents in the field of personal computers - versatility + compatibility + rapid upgrade is the magic weapon of Intel's victory.

The three scholars still didn't quite understand why personal computers couldn't use RISC thin architecture processors, but they did remember the concept of the PC as Ling Shizhe said.

Wang Haihua said with great interest: "Why Ling Shao, I have to develop new things again, personal computers, it's a good idea, when will it be launched on the market?" ”

Ling Shizhe shook his head and said: "Although I put forward the idea of personal computers, Hong Kong has not started research and development due to the scarcity of computer talents. ”

This is also his most depressed, he has the intention to use the semiconductor chip industry to change the future economic pattern of Hong Kong, don't always focus on real estate finance, but now computer talents except for Silicon Valley in the United States, there are few talents that can not be found anywhere else, let alone Hong Kong. Poaching people from Silicon Valley? With Ambrera's position in semiconductor chips, there are a lot of people who come here, but when they hear about going to Hong Kong, except for a very few people who are willing to come to Hong Kong, no one else does. As a result, Hong Kong's chip labs are still an empty shell, while Canada's chip labs are developing rapidly.

Xu Hongbo saw Ling Shizhe's unswerving expression and comforted: "Ling Shao, don't be discouraged, now that the Hong Kong government has agreed to us to establish a computer school, the talent problem will no longer be the problem of Ambrera Company in the future, and Hong Kong will definitely become the second Silicon Valley in the world in the future." ”

"Dr. Xu, thank you for your comfort, the School of Computer Science has indeed solved a big problem for me, but even if the college starts recruiting students now, it will take 4 years for them to work in our company after graduation, and we can't solve my company's problems in a short time!" Ling Shizhe still felt spared.

"Hahaha~~~~Haha~~~Ha~~Ha" The three doctors looked at each other a few times and suddenly burst into laughter.

"What, what's wrong?" Seeing them laughing, Ling Shizhe asked strange questions.

"Ling Shao, this is the second purpose of our coming here, do you remember the computer technology training course you held the year before last because you couldn't recruit computer talents? You know, now there are some students in that training class who can engage in computer research and development, even semiconductor chips, there are already more than a dozen people who can engage in research and development, of course, it will take some time to be alone. Wang Haihua said with a smile next to him.

This computer training class was established in 69 years, and Ling Shizhe had no choice but to set up it because he could not recruit qualified computer talents in Hong Kong at that time, so as to train enough computer talents for himself.

"I know this, but they are not experienced enough, and I am now planning to send those graduates to the Canadian laboratory in a few days, and when they have enough experience, I will call them back to participate in the research and development of the Hong Kong laboratory."

"Don't, Ling Shao, this is not a good way for you, you do this, although it can make them grow up quickly in a short period of time, but after they go to Canada, are they still willing to come back to Hong Kong? Besides, you sent them all to Canada, what about Hong Kong, the lab is always empty? What about the students enrolled in your training class, they can't get training and can't grow! That's not the way to go. Dr. strongly disapproved of Ling Shizhe's practice of throwing graduates to Canada.

At this time, Hong Kong was still a developing region, and it was not yet an international financial center in the future, and the purpose of many Hong Kong people studying now was to go out and go to developed countries. Hong Kong's universities have cultivated a lot of outstanding talents, but most of them can't be retained, and they would rather go to developed countries as second-class citizens than go back to Hong Kong, but then again, isn't staying in Hong Kong a second-class citizen? Anyway, they are all second-class citizens there, and it is better to go to developed countries.

"What about throwing them in the lab, nothing will happen, just let them fool around there? The development of a semiconductor chip is divided into n multiple project teams, and each project team does not have a person in charge to take them, let them fool around there, and give them a few years to make a name for themselves, but they are delayed, and it is better to throw them to a laboratory in Canada. Ling Shizhe disagreed with Dr.'s statement.

"Haha~haha~ Ling Shao, isn't there still us?" Wang Haihua said with a smile.

"You guys? Do you have qualified professors? Even if you have, are you willing to let them go? ”

"Of course we won't let go, our School of Computer Science still needs these qualified professors, Ling Shao, we are here this time, to put it bluntly, we are here to make a fate, although the Hong Kong government agreed to us to establish the School of Computer Science, but the Hong Kong government is not willing to pay only the land, and we want to raise funds by ourselves." Wang Haihua explained.

"They don't pay for it, so what is this academy for?"

At this time, Xu Hongbo said: "Ling Shao Hong Kong government does not pay because the British government does not allow it, and now the British government has a policy to support computers as an emerging industry in the United Kingdom, if the Hong Kong government pays for the Hong Kong Computer Institute, it will inevitably compete with the British mainland." However, because you Ling Shao is a big leader in the semiconductor industry, and the Hong Kong government wants you to invest in a semiconductor chip factory in Hong Kong, so that the Hong Kong government can greatly increase fiscal taxes. The Hong Kong government is very hot! ”

Cut, Ling Shizhe said disdainfully: "I want the horses to run, and don't give the horses grazing, Hong Kong's computer talents are already very scarce, and the computer school does not provide him with ammunition, what is the use of me building a chip factory in Hong Kong, who will produce chips in the factory?" Looking for those barefoot peasants? International jokes. ”

No one spoke, and the office was very quiet for a while, and Ling Shizhe was depressed, what is this called, if you don't pay for it, how can the Hong Kong Academy be established, and how can my chip factory be opened.

After a long time, Ling Shizhe said: "If you want me to pay, what can I get?" ”

Dr. looked at Ling Shizhe and said, "Ling Shao, the Governor of Hong Kong said that if you contribute money and maintain the operation of the college, you are the shareholder of the School of Computer Science." In addition, if you can set up a chip factory in Hong Kong, he promises to give you the biggest tax incentive, 13% tax, as long as you come to Hong Kong to build a chip factory, you like that land, he will grant you that land, don't worry about whether that land is industrial land, he will do it. ”

Wow, I am determined to make a big decision, so many concessions, 13% tax, now Hong Kong's corporate tax rate is generally 23%, the financial industry and real estate industry are higher than 28%, and the 13% tax is quite generous. In later generations, the mainland's tax incentives for joint ventures were only 15%, but this is Hong Kong, but there is not as much apportionment as the mainland in later generations, and there will never be other messy government apportionment expenditures.

"Hong Kong Governor Dai Lintoe is so bold, I fancy that piece of land, he will give me that piece of land, will you give it for nothing?"

"Oh, it's impossible, the Hong Kong government sells the land to you, without auction, directly sells you at the market price, and the money from the land sale is used by the Hong Kong government to resettle people who have lost their land, and the term is 30 years, which can only be used to build a chip factory." Dr. replied.

"What about the academy, since the money wants me to pay, then it should belong to me completely?"

Xu Hongbo shook his head and said: "It can't completely belong to you, according to the proportion of capital contribution, how much money you have, how many shares you own, the total amount of college construction is 100 million Hong Kong dollars, the University of Hong Kong and the Polytechnic University each contribute 10 million Hong Kong dollars, the land of the Hong Kong government is given away for free, not counting money, it used to be a middle school, when the Japanese came, they turned it into a military camp, after the war, it has not been restored, and now it is assigned to us as the site of the college." ”

"Okay, I'll pay the rest of the money, but the term of the land is too short for 30 years, I want 99 years, and what's the use of just building a chip factory, I will also build other factories."

There is no permanent ownership of land in Hong Kong, generally only the right to use the land, and the term is generally only 30 years, and the land in the hands of some old families is 99 years, which is similar to the mainland in later generations. What Ling Shizhe wants now is the right to use the land for 99 years.

Dr. thought for a moment and said, "Okay, I'll talk to the Governor." ”

This question came to an end for the time being, and Ling Shizhe asked again: "Since I want to build a chip factory in Hong Kong, then I want to ask, where has the CMOS new process production line design go?" ”

As soon as Ling Shizhe finished asking, the three old gentlemen suddenly became embarrassed.