Chapter 198 The History of the Development of High-Speed Rail in Europe

"Boss, let me answer Mr. Navalli's second question, the design of the KTX-1100 CNC machine has been fully completed, and now it has entered the final testing stage, and if everything is normal, it can be put on the market in May this year." Christopher on the side said.

"How accurate is the machining?"

CNC machine tool is the abbreviation of digital control machine tool (puternumericalcontrolmachools), which is an automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system.

The control system can logically process the program specified with control code or other symbolic instructions, and decode it, represent it with coded numbers, and input it into the numerical control device through the information carrier. After calculation and processing, various control signals are sent by the numerical control device to control the action of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically processed according to the shape and size required by the drawing.

CNC machine tool better solves the problem of complex, precise, small batch, multi-variety parts processing, is a flexible, high-efficiency automatic machine tool, represents the development direction of modern machine tool control technology, is a typical mechatronics products.

Since the successful development of the blade server, Ling Shizhe has entrusted Ambrera Seiko Enterprise to develop CNC machine tools, because the production of new S semiconductor chip processing production lines requires the use of high-precision machine tools, and many of these machine tools have been banned from export by developed countries, in order not to be stuck by these rogue governments in the future, so whether Ling Shizhe wants to or not, the cruel environment will also force him to develop his own CNC machine tools.

DCT dual-clutch automatic transmission for motorcycles, is launched by Honda in Japan in 09 years, this gearbox has extremely high requirements for the machining accuracy of processing equipment, if the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools does not meet the requirements, there is complete information, then Wally's technical team is strong, it can not be done.

Christopher ripped a heel of hair from his head, then pointed at it and smiled, "One-thirty-fifth of this hair." ”

KTX-1100 is a double-spindle turning center developed by Christopher throughout the whole process, on this machine tool Ling Shizhe adopts the mature composite processing technology of the later generations, with milling-turning compound, turning and milling compounding, turning-boring-drilling-gear processing and other compounding, turning and grinding compounding, forming compound processing, special composite processing and other functions.

Composite processing, also known as complete processing, multi-functional processing, is an advanced manufacturing technology that emerged at the end of the 20th century, its advantage is that it can greatly shorten the production cycle of parts, improve the processing accuracy of parts, is the world's first i5 intelligent machine tool developed by Ling Shizhe imitation of the later generation of Shenji company, so it has a preliminary intelligent manufacturing function.

I remember that in the previous life, after the i5 intelligent machine tool was launched on the market in 2012, it received more than 5,500 domestic and foreign orders that year, achieving sales revenue of 10-1.5 billion RMB.

Then in 2013, there was a sales "blowout", which exceeded last year's total sales in only half a year, and set off an "intelligent whirlwind" in the world.

i5 is an extremely eye-catching gold-absorbing weapon, Ling Shizhe has been eyeing it for a long time, but unfortunately the strength of Ambrera at that time is not enough, Ling Shizhe is not in a hurry to get on the horse for the time being, and waited until the CMOS process is successful and the Seiko department has accumulated enough technical reserves, Ling Shizhe did not hesitate to launch the i5 machine tool.

"A machine tool is a processing plant", "a card installation, complete processing", because it is too advanced in technology, so from the beginning of the design, let everyone suffer enough, such as: automatic adjustment of interference anti-collision function, automatic exit of the workpiece after power failure power failure protection function, processing parts detection and automatic compensation learning function, high-precision machining parts intelligent parameter selection function, automatic elimination of machine tool vibration in the processing process and other functions, so that the engineers and software of Ambrera Seiko Department, and hardware engineers.

This is not counting, there is more terrifying, Ling Shizhe is even more proposed, CNC machine tools must be like smart phones with the characteristics of "simple, easy to operate", the design must be humanized, "one-click direct, three-dimensional simulation, intelligent diagnosis, high reliability and stability." "Even a rookie who has never operated any kind of machine tool is required to learn to operate proficiently in a maximum of 2 hours, and it takes half a day to reach the level of intermediate experts in machine tools, and one day to reach the level of the most senior machine tool processing engineers.

At that time, Christopher shouted: "Boss, kill me, it's an impossible task." ”

No matter how Christopher protested, Ling Shizhe was still determined not to change, "Why don't you build it, you want to build the best machine tool in the world!" These are the words left for him.

i5 machine tool was named KTX-1100 by Ling Shizhe, the development process has been a problem, in the face of a vast sea of various technical problems, the engineers of the Seiko Department have fallen into despair several times, and do not know how many mountains to overcome, even so Ling Shizhe still did not waver, and finally after the ordeal, the world's first KTX-1100 intelligent machine tool prototype was born more than 40 years in advance.

In the next various tests, there were many problems unexpectedly, and after adjusting and improving the design over and over again, we finally reached the final practical test stage, and it will be officially launched in a few days.

Thinking of the various hardships and tribulations encountered on the road to research and development, Christopher said with tears in his eyes: "BOSS, this is the most perfect work in my life, and the KTX-1100 intelligent machine tool is my greatest pride." ”

Ling Shizhe patted him on the shoulder, turned his head to Navali and said, "One-thirty-fifth of a hair, is this processing accuracy enough?" ”

"From the point of view of the data, it is completely sufficient, but the specific details need to be seen in reality to draw conclusions."

Ling Shizhe pointed with his hand and said, "When you see it, it will definitely surprise you." Okay, now let's move on to the last topic, rail transit equipment manufacturing companies, it is not enough to just manufacture subway passenger cars, we have to produce new trains, we have to develop high-speed rail. ”

"Ah!! High-speed rail? It can't be! ”

"Yes, the high-speed rail technology is in the hands of the Japanese, and they will not give it to us."

"Yes, North America is not suitable for the development of high-speed rail, who will we sell high-speed rail to?"

……

……

Everyone was stunned by Ling Shizhe's decision, whether this young boss was carried away by the smooth sailing of these years, and actually wanted to develop high-speed rail, which made everyone feel too incredible, Alison and Foster first stood up against it.

Seeing that the coffee on his table was cold, he asked the secretary to change a cup, and said to the secretary while stirring: "Send all the information." ”

Soon there was a thick piece of information in front of everyone, this information was an investigation report made by Ling Shizhe to find a professional railway survey company, the report focused on the analysis of the railway development in Europe, South America, India, Southeast Asia and other places in the next 20 years, although the other party asked for a lot of money, but when he saw this investigation report, Ling Shizhe quickly overlapped most of his memories with his previous life.

It's a bit expensive, but people are too professional, and the market analysis is quite in place, worthy of the price.

On October 1, 1964, on the eve of the Tokyo Olympics, Japan opened the world's first high-speed railway, the Tokyo-Shin-Osaka High-Speed Railway.

The high-speed train shocked the world, with the Shinkansen being known as the "bullet train" that could reach speeds of 270 or 300 kilometers per hour, but in high-speed tests, it set a record of 443 kilometers per hour (set by the 955 Series (300x) in 1996).

Under the influence of Japan, Europe in 1966, by the Federal Republic of Germany proposed to establish a European high-speed railway plan, although everyone responded positively, but due to various diplomatic and political disputes between European countries, it was not until 1981 that France built the world's first "Paris and Lyon" first phase of the European high-speed railway.

In Ling Shizhe's memory, the development of high-speed rail in Europe can be described as a turtle speed compared to that of China later, although in 2010 the European Parliament and the European Union proposed the so-called trans-European transport works (TEN-T) master plan, but the investment in railways between countries is still competitive. The construction of the railway network tends to reinforce national priorities rather than being used as a tool for EU-wide integration.

In some countries, this is also reflected in the fact that rail networks can provide relatively high speeds, such as 200 km/h, without investing in new lines, and that the representative length of travel distance happens to benefit the most.

It was not until the end of 2011 that 6,830 km of dedicated high-speed rail lines (speeds of more than 250 km/h) were well developed in the EU. The high-speed rail network connects major cities between the five member states of Northwest Europe. At this point, the motivation for the development of high-speed rail has begun to change, and more and more emphasis is placed on the organic integration of airports and high-speed rail for short-distance commuting.

The fastest growing high-speed rail in Europe is in France, where in 1955 the speed of conventional railways was increased by electrification to more than 330 km/h.

After the failure of experiments with active tilting technology, the British developed diesel trains that could continue to run on the original line up to 200 km/h.

The UK is a large country in the European Union, but the development of high-speed rail has not become its main policy goal. In part, this is due to the fact that trains on the UK's regular rail network can reach speeds of up to 200km/h, and transport capacity constraints cannot be solved by simple improvements, so the UK's high-speed rail construction did not emerge as early as in other countries.

However, as an island nation, the UK does not have a problem with rail connections with other countries. It was not until 1994 that the first HS1 (113km) high-speed rail line was built in the UK to connect the Channel with central London, and it was completed and opened to traffic in 2007.

Due to the large number of tunnels, the construction cost of this high-speed rail line is as high as 5.8 billion euros, or 66.2 million euros per kilometer. The first 20km from London Station is mostly tunnels, including 2.5km under the River Thames, 3.2km under the northern hills, 1.5km at Asford, and some fragments of the road are partly located in the environmental protection area, all built underground for environmental protection purposes.

The HS1 planning phase designed a maximum operating speed of 300 km/h and allowed freight trains to run at night, which made the standards of the works more stringent and required that the terrain slope should not be too steep.

As a result, the construction cost of high-speed rail in the UK is more expensive than in other countries, such as 13.4 million euros/km for the first line in France, 18.7 million euros/km in Germany, and 9.3 million euros/km in Spain (current price, excluding land costs and planning and design costs).

Due to the significant increase in railway traffic, the UK has learned from the experience of HS1 construction and planned to build a second high-speed railway, HS2. These two high-speed railways will form the skeleton of a potential national high-speed rail network [5]. HS2 has two phases planned: the first phase is the construction of a 190km high-speed rail from London to Birmingham, and the second phase includes two branches to Manchester and Leeds, with a total length of 540km. Due to the connection of the high-speed rail network to the existing rail network, the time savings between London and Scotland are significant.

The construction cost of the entire high-speed rail network is estimated at 35 billion euros, of which around 20 billion euros (possibly 24 billion euros) will be spent on the first phase of the London-Birmingham section, which will cost more than 120 million euros per kilometre, as it also involves the construction of large-scale tunnels and the reduction of environmental damage.

Italy's high-speed rail development is slower than France's, but it follows the same development model as France.

Germany took a different approach than France, partly due to its political divisions and different urban geography. The general view is that the construction of the new line should achieve a mixed flow of passengers and goods to allow for faster cargo transportation. But this will affect the construction parameters, requiring the construction of more tunnels, which will increase the construction cost of the new line.

Currently, the German rail network consists of new lines (Neubaustrecken, NBS) and renovated lines (Ausbaustrecken, ABS). The only exception is that the Frankfurt am Main to Cologne line is designed to be closer to French principles, with the aim of minimizing the cost of fixed infrastructure and mainly serving between the airports of the two cities.

Following France, Italy and Germany, Spain has also begun its high-speed rail construction journey.

Like Japan, Spain's main railway network has a different gauge than the standard gauge, with a broad gauge of 1,670 mm. In addition, there is a system of narrow-gauge rail networks. The difference in track gauge makes it more difficult to connect with other rail networks in Europe.

;