"Lin, allow me to call you that! What the hell do you want, those guys in the military-industrial complex today have complained a lot in front of me, saying that you are too picky! Gorbachev asked with a smile.

After Lin Yu visited the base, he had formal talks with Gorbachev in the evening, and the two sides discussed many issues, to some extent, Lin Yu can represent Italy and Indonesia, so on some issues, Lin Yu still has some right to speak.

It was almost eight o'clock in the evening after the two finished talking, so Gorbachev invited Lin Yu to dinner, and only two people attended the dinner, and Gorbachev called Lin Yu here to express his sincerity and want to have a good talk with each other.

Lin Yu shook his head and said sincerely: "The MiG-29 is very good, but neither Iraq nor Iran needs this kind of fighter jet, and many fighters from Italy and Britain are not worse than this, so the MiG-29 is not what I need." ”

"So you don't have any other products at all?" Gorbachev asked quite frankly jokingly.

"Yes, a lot! The Soviet Union is a world superpower, a military power, and there are a lot of weapons that I desperately want, but I'm afraid you won't sell them! Lin Yu also said frankly.

"Then it depends on what kind of weapon you are talking about, if it is a nuclear weapon, don't talk about it! We have joined the Treaty on the Control of Nuclear Weapons, and these things must not be exported! Gorbachev said seriously.

"I don't want your nuclear weapons!" Lin Yu's eyes flashed and said, "You are negotiating a treaty with the Americans to limit intermediate-range missiles, and it is estimated that an agreement will be reached soon, right?" ”

The Intermediate-Range Missile Limitation Treaty, abbreviated as the INF Treaty.

Before 1977, the United States had an advantage in Western Europe and Western Europe. Since 1977, the Soviet Union has deployed SS-20 missiles1 in its own country and in Eastern Europe to counter U.S. ballistic missiles fired from submarines. On the initiative of the President of the Federal Republic of Germany, in May 1979, the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization adopted a "double resolution" calling for the deployment of 572 new missiles in Western Europe from 1983 onwards, and that the countries should hold negotiations on medium-range nuclear weapons with the Soviet Union as soon as possible. At first1 the Soviet Union refused to negotiate with the United States1 and then made concessions. 1980

In October ~ November, the United States and the Soviet Union held preparatory talks on the INF issue in Geneva, but no substantive results were obtained. On September 24, 1981, the United States and the Soviet Union reached an agreement to hold formal negotiations on the INF issue.

Negotiations on the European INF issue began in Geneva on November 30 of the same year. Successively carried out 6

round of negotiations, a total of 110 meetings. The Soviet Union successively put forward plans such as "freezing the status quo" and "reducing the Warsaw Pact and NATO intermediate-range missiles in stages." Its basic stance is to prevent the United States from deploying new missiles in Western Europe in accordance with the "double resolution" to maintain its SS-20 missile deployment system, and even if the Soviet Union's medium-range missile forces in Europe are reduced, it can only be reduced to a level equal to the total number of nuclear warheads of Britain and France.

The United States has successively thrown out the "zero-point plan" and "interim agreement" and other plans. The basic position was that the United States would abandon the deployment of new missiles only if the Soviet Union dismantled all SS-20 missiles in Europe.1 Even if it promised to slightly reduce the original deployment plan of the United States, or to allow the Soviet Union to have slightly more medium-range missiles in Europe than the United States, the number of medium-range warheads in both countries must be equal on a global scale. The positions of the two sides are far apart, and the negotiations have reached an impasse.

In November 1983, the United States began to deploy new missiles in Britain, Italy, and the Federal Republic of Germany, and the Soviet Union suspended a series of negotiations on intermediate-range missiles, Sino-European disarmament, and US-Soviet strategic nuclear weapons. Later, due to the development of the international situation and the adjustment of their respective strategies on disarmament issues, in accordance with the agreement reached by the foreign ministers of the United States and the Soviet Union in Geneva on 8 January 1985, the United States and the Soviet Union held a package of disarmament talks including strategic weapons, intermediate-range missile weapons, and space weapons in March of the same year.

In October 1986, when U.S. President R.W. Reagan1 and Soviet leader M.C. Gorbachev met in Iceland, their positions on the INF issue were somewhat similar. The Soviet Union expressed its willingness to accept the US "zero-point plan...... and no longer insisted on counting British and French nuclear weapons. The United States and the Soviet Union also agreed to eliminate all European INMISSILES.

In February 1987, Gorbachev agreed to separate the solution of INF and space weapons.1 In July of the same year, he said that he would accept the "global double-zero" plan, which brought about a turning point in the INF issue.

On September 18, 1987, the United States and the Soviet Union issued a joint communiqué announcing that they had reached an "in-principle" agreement on the conclusion of an INF treaty and that the leaders of the two countries would formally sign the treaty during their summit meeting scheduled for later this year. On 8 December, US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev formally signed the "Treaty on the Complete Elimination of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Missiles between the two countries" at the White House. The treaty stipulates that within three years after the treaty comes into force, the United States and the Soviet Union will completely destroy and completely ban short- and medium-range missiles with a range of 500 to 10,000 kilometers and medium-range missiles with a range of 1,000 to 5,000 kilometers. This includes missiles that have been deployed and those that have been produced but not yet deployed. It is the first treaty in the history of disarmament negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union to truly reduce the number of nuclear weapons, but the number of nuclear warheads to be destroyed under the treaty only accounts for 3~4% of the total number of nuclear warheads possessed by the two countries.

This means that the USSR will destroy 441 SS-20 missiles and 112 SS-4 missiles deployed in Europe and Asia, as well as 130 SS-12 and SS-23 missiles deployed in Eastern Europe: the United States will destroy 332 Pershing-2 missiles and Tomahawk land-based cruise missiles deployed in Western Europe and will stop the planned deployment of another 240 cruise missiles. This would be the first agreement in the history of U.S.-Soviet disarmament negotiations to make real reductions in nuclear weapons, rather than to set a limit for each to continue to increase such weapons.

The signing of the INF Treaty can be said to have weakened the Soviet Union's military strength to the greatest extent and allowed the United States to seize the lead in the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

The main reasons for the conclusion of the INF treaty between the Soviet Union and the United States were, first, that the Soviet Union had changed its policy and made large concessions; second, that the Soviet Union and the United States had too many nuclear weapons, and that it would be more beneficial for both sides to destroy intermediate-range and shorter-range nuclear missiles.

Gorbachev can be said to be a conservative monarch in the heyday, but in this luàn era, especially during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, he was not a qualified leader. This is Lin Yu's evaluation of Gorbachev.

"How do you know?" (To be continued!)