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The leopard guardian has movable eyelids and no toe pads, and belongs to the subfamily "Eublepharis", the Latin name "Eubiepharinae" translates to "real eyelids", so most reptile owners call it "eyelidgeckos" - the guardian palace with eyelids, the scientific name: "Eublepharismacularius", macularius means "spotted". It inhabits between flat land and mountainous areas, and its traces can be found in rocky wasteland or grassland areas. The terrestrial type is centered on a male guarding the palace and adopts a polygamous lifestyle. During breeding, males engage in fierce fights for mates. During the day, they often hide in rock crevices, and only go out to forage for food after nightfall. It can lay eggs 1-5 times in a season, and each litter can lay 1-2 eggs, which can be hatched in 40-60 days.

Chinese scientific name: leopard pattern Shougong

Latin scientific name: Eublepharismacularius

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordates

Class: Reptile

Order: Lepidaceae

Suborder: Lizard suborder

Distribution: Pakistan, India, Iran, Afghanistan

Habitat: Desert fringe areas

Body length: 18-25 cm in length

Temperature: 22-32°C

Species Profile

Most of the guards are nocturnal, with only a membrane to protect the eyes, and oval pupils.

Like a cat's eye, it has a thick toe pad covered with tiny claw hooks to facilitate climbing.

Native to India and Pakistan, inhabiting deserts or steppes, usually sheltered by gaps or holes in large stones, these areas will not be baked like a desert when dry, most of the leopard palaces can be seen in pet stores today, but they are all artificially bred rather than wild, the full length of the adult (including the tail) is about 20cm, and the maximum can reach 25cm.

Species characteristics

The leopard is a very beautiful reptilian with purple-brown and bright yellow stripes (bands) on its body, and when it grows up, the dark stripes begin to break up into small dots, and a few adults will leave a little stripe pattern, and the leopard prints that are bred today have two basic colors, "brown" and "bright yellow".

Brown changes, some with gray-brown as the base color, some with purple as the background color, and spots cover it, bright yellow changes, with bright yellow as the base, a few will have some orange spots, leopard Shougong can eat most insects, known wild Shougong will eat beetles, centipedes, scorpions and spiders, adaptable, almost anything can be eaten.

The breeding season of the leopard Shougong is very long, about seven or eight months, from autumn to spring can mate, the identification of male and female can be observed on the upper side of the cloaca and the bulge on the lower side, the female does not have these characteristics, the adult can be seen with the naked eye, the larvae need to be observed with the help of more than ten times the magnifying glass, as long as the newborn is more than a month old, it can be seen, the female can lay eggs 3-4 times per season, each time lay two eggs, because it is a non-sticky egg, so it can be easily moved to the incubator to hatch, About 50-60 days, can hatch, unfertilized eggs will turn yellow and rotten in about a week, fertilized eggs will remain white and will be slightly larger, the most suitable incubation temperature is 28.9-30.6 degrees Celsius, the number of hatched larvae is equal, higher temperature will produce more males, lower temperature will produce more females, it is important that the temperature should not exceed 32 degrees, otherwise the embryo is easy to die.

The hatched juvenile body color is a black-brown ring pattern on a white background, and as the color ring grows gradually replaced by spots, it is completely transformed into a full-body leopard spot when it reaches adulthood, which is the origin of the name of the leopard Shougong, in recent years, because the cultivation of the leopard Shougong has reached a mature stage, so the breeding farm will gradually shift the focus to the leopard's close relative Fat Tail Shougong (Hemitheconyxcaudicinctus), and a variety of mutant body colors and albino species have been bred, and the fat tail Shougong is produced in West Africa, However, the habits are similar to those of leopard print, but it is more difficult to raise and reproduce, and it is also a challenging species for veterans.

How to choose

One. The eyes are full and bright, there is no sediment at the corners of the eyes, and if the eyes are sunken or dirty, the eyes cannot be opened or are reluctant to open are problems.

Two. The mouth must not be rotten, and there should be no abrasions or cheese-like tissue on the mouth and nose.

Three. With a good appetite and a fat tail, the starving Morinomiya has a long lanky tail, which can usually see the ribs and spine, and the legs are very long, and like this is already on the verge of death.

Four. Check whether there is any damage to the body of the uterus, and do not choose the uterus with traces of self-cutting, as the uterus keeper with scabs may have infectious diseases.

Five. Check the limbs for missing toes, this phenomenon is common, because the same kind of people occasionally fight with each other, if the fingers and toes are swollen, then there may be infectious diseases, bacterial infections can cause the toes to fall off, and long-term incomplete peeling can also cause the toes to fall off.

Six. Ectoparasites are examined, and most of the parasites appear in the abdomen of the uterus, and they will dig under the scales and suck blood, about the size of salt particles. Ticks are slightly larger, usually red or brown in color, and they produce pimple-like bumps, which are most easily spotted at the base of the limbs.

Seven. If there is a problem with the digestive system, dry stool or sticky substrate will usually be seen near the vent.

peculiarity

There are many people who want to try to raise lizards, but can't get used to the vicious appearance of ordinary lizards, and the best choice for them is the leopard guard. Because they do not have high requirements for the environment, their size is not large, they are easy to raise and reproduce, the price is moderate, their temperament is also very tame, and their body color has rich changes.

The main reason why the leopard guards belong to the Eubepharis family is that the guards of this family have eyelids that are not found in ordinary palaces, and their scientific name Eubepharis is also the meaning of eyelids. After years of cultivation, breeding farms in the United States have already bred many special body colors.

The most popular variety is the orange Hypo without markings and the big red tail radish tail variety called Tangerine, due to the scarcity of production, the supply exceeds demand, the price has been high, each is worth more than 300 US dollars. Taiwan has introduced a small number of such highest-level individuals. In addition, the newly cultivated body color is called 'Snow Baixue' in foreign countries, and the price is comparable to that of orange individuals, and it is much more expensive than ordinary yellow individuals. This is a body color with a pure white base color and black spots, and another flavor. As for the highest-grade varieties, Sunglow and Sunshine, you can only look at them, and the price is as high as $1,500 each, which is quite amazing.

Feeding management

The layout of the rearing environment

Regarding the layout of the breeding environment, the leopard pattern palace is inhabited, and the ground can be paved with reptile sand, veneer, calcium sand and other substrates or newspapers, etc., the key point is that the substrate must be non-toxic, large particles are not easy to eat, and even if they are eaten, they will not cause intestinal blockage. At the same time, a low basin of water should be placed for it to drink freely, but care should be taken that the water is not too deep and that the basin can be easily accessed to avoid the risk of drowning. In addition, it can be placed in artificial caves, rocks, and tree bark for hiding. Because it is a nocturnal animal, it does not need to be irradiated by UV-A and UV-B lamps, and only needs to provide a general light source and heat source, a low-wattage bulb, bottom heating equipment, and thermostat to meet the needs.

Precautions for feeding

To sum it up, there are three words: timed, quantitative, and clean.

Timing: Just like feeding other pets, the feeding of the leopard palace should master certain rules, and you should not be hot-headed and feed when you want. Generally speaking, we start from its habits, and it is most active in the evening to the evening, which is suitable for feeding.

Rationing: Rationing is crucial! The most common and intractable disease of leopard guarding the palace is gastrointestinal diseases, and at least half of the causes are caused by gluttony that is difficult to digest. After more than 30 years of artificial breeding, the gastrointestinal immune function has been greatly degraded, and some will not even control their hunger level and eat as much as they want. Many novices are happy to see Shougong eating, and they are happy to feed them frequently, and as a result, they push their pets to the precipice of health, and such lessons are still happening endlessly.

In general, 1-4 months old larvae grow rapidly, and it is enough to feed 1-2 small crickets, larvae barley or bread worms per day, and the food should not exceed the width of the head and neck. Sub-adults aged 4-8 months can be fed 2-3 per day. For adults over 8 months of age, we recommend feeding an adequate amount 1-2 days apart.

Clean: Some players catch insects in the wild to feed the Leopard Guard, which we don't recommend. The intestinal immunity of captive-bred uterine guards is often unable to resist the invasion of external bacteria. Live feed bought from the market, such as crickets, bread worms, etc., should also be kept clean, generally bought back with vegetables, fruits, and feed for a day or two before it can be used for palace feeding, one to filter the dirt in the stomach of the live feed, and the other can also make the nutrients of the live feed higher. In addition, the environment for live feed should also be kept ventilated, dry and hygienic to prevent the breeding of harmful bacteria.

At present, there are many kinds of live feed for reptile pets to choose from. We also recommend that everyone be able to feed in combination.

Bread worms are the most common and cheapest live feed. Many players criticize its cortex for being difficult to digest, but in fact, many foreign breeders, such as Tremper, Geckos, etc., use bread worms as their main feed. We can use a plate to hold the worms for the palace to eat freely, and we can change it once a day or two, which is what foreign players call "Free-fed". However, for individuals with a bad stomach, it is better to avoid feeding bread worms as much as possible.

Raised in captivity

Crickets can be fed completely with bread worms. The substrate of the feeding tank is made of silica sand or Yilan stone, and the top is covered with fine sand for reptiles. Prepare a drinking basin and a small tray of calcium powder and vitamins for them to lick on their own. Add sunken wood or rocks for hiding and a few desert plants to create a very natural environment. Leopard guards with strong physiques usually choose a fixed corner far away from the roost to excrete, so the breeding tank is also easy to clean. Since it is nocturnal, there is no need for special UVB light. Although there are no suction cups on the toes of the leopard guard, so it is impossible to climb on the smooth glass surface, but there are still small claws that can easily roam on the rough surface, so it is best to cover the breeding tank to prevent escape. Juveniles can be reared in multiple females, but males in adults need to be kept alone or in conjunction with multiple females. [1]

Leopard Shougong and other reptiles, also often occur the problem of refusing to eat, often drag on 2-3 months to thin to the skin and bones before dying, it is still impossible to determine the cause, it is also difficult to treat, according to foreign countries is due to the low humidity, you can try to refuse to eat the individual alone in a higher humidity environment, some individuals can still resume eating. It can also be caused by gastroenteritis. It is best to check the individual who can eat before buying.

The breeding season of the leopard is very long, about seven or eight months, and they can mate from autumn to spring, and the identification of male and female can be determined by observing the upper side of the cloacal hole and the bulge on the lower side. Females do not have any of these traits. Adults can be seen with the naked eye, while larvae can only be observed with the help of a magnifying glass more than ten times. As long as the newborn is more than a month old, it can be seen. Females can lay two eggs 3-4 times per season, and since they are non-sticky eggs, they can be easily moved to the incubator to hatch. It can be hatched in about 50-60 days. The unfertilized egg will turn yellow and rotten in about a week, while the fertilized egg will remain white and enlarge slightly. The optimal incubation temperature is 28.9-30.6 degrees Celsius, the number of hatchlings is equal, higher temperatures produce more males, lower temperatures produce more females, important is not more than 32 degrees, otherwise the embryos are easy to die.

The body color of the hatched larvae is a black-brown ring pattern on a white background, and the color ring is gradually replaced by spots as they grow, and when they reach adulthood, they completely transform into full-body leopard spots, which is the origin of the name of the leopard pattern guarding the palace. In recent years, because the cultivation of leopard pattern Shougong has reached a mature stage, the breeding farm has gradually shifted the focus to Hemitheconyxcaudicinctus, a close relative of leopard print. At present, a variety of variants and albino species have also been bred, and the fat-tailed palace keeper is native to West Africa, but the habits are similar to leopard print, but it is more difficult to raise and reproduce, and it is also a challenging species for veterans.