Chapter 735: Federal Reserve Chairman Greenspan!

At this time, George W. Bush of the White House presidential office was patiently listening to the reports of CIA Director Arlus and Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan.

Allan? Alan Greenspan, an American Jew, chairman of the thirteenth Federal Reserve Board of the United States, visited China several times. He is considered by many to be an authority and decisive figure in the economic policy of the American state. For example, he decided on the attitude of the US government towards inflation. He is regarded by the media as an "economist among economists" and a "guru".

In 1970, he served as an advisor to the President's Council of Economic Advisers, where he served as Chairman from 1974 to 1977, and received his Ph.D. in economics in 1977.

Since 1977, he has served as an advisor to the Congressional Budget Bureau and a director of companies such as General Cable Company, Morgan Company, General Foods Company, Mawson Trust Company, and Pegasus Company. In 1981, he was a member of the President's Council of Economic Advisers.

From 1981 to 1983, he was Chairman of the National Commission on Social Insurance Reform and in 1982 he was a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Council.

In August 1987, he was appointed Chairman of the Federal Reserve by President George H.W. Bush, and in July 1991, President Bush appointed Greenspan to continue as Chairman of the Federal Reserve.

In February 1996, President Clinton nominated him for a second term as chairman of the Federal Reserve, and on June 20, the Senate overwhelmingly approved the nomination.

On January 4, 2000, President Clinton reappointed him as chairman of the Federal Reserve, and on June 20 of the same year, he took office for the fourth time.

On May 18, 2004, U.S. President George W. Bush nominated him to remain chairman of the Federal Reserve. On 17 June of the same year, the US Senate approved Bush's nomination. On June 19, Greenspan was sworn in for his fifth term.

Grisespan, who served as chairman of the Federal Reserve in his previous life during the Bush Sr., Bush Sr., Clinton and George W. Bush years, has endured for four generations. The financial community commented: "As soon as Greenspan spoke. Global investors should prick up their ears", "Greenspan sneezes, global investors will catch a cold", "Stupid! It doesn't matter who is president. As long as Allen is the chairman of the Federal Reserve, it will be done" -- this was a slogan placed on the cover of Fortune magazine on the eve of the 1996 US election. The so-called "Allen" refers to Allen, who has been chairman of the Federal Reserve Committee since 1987. Greenspan.

The Federal Reserve Board of the United States, as the central bank, is referred to as the "Federal Reserve Bureau". From 1913 to the present, the Federal Reserve has been controlling the currency and credit of the United States, playing the role of "borrower of last resort", and using the three major levers of open market operations, bank borrowing discount rates, and financial institutions' statutory reserve ratios to regulate the economy, aiming to provide the United States with "a safer, more stable, and more resilient monetary and financial system."

The position of Chairman of the Federal Reserve. It's all too familiar to Greenspan. Since 1987, Greenspan has held that position for 18 years, which is extremely rare in American history. From the Bush administration to the Bush administration Jr., the only person in the Washington officialdom who has been able to survive many personnel shocks and always stand tall is probably only Greenspan, the "veteran of the four dynasties."

Greenspan was born in New York City in 1926 into a financial family. He is the only child in the family and has been raised by his divorced mother since he was four years old. As a child, he showed an unusual interest in music, but his father, who was a stockbroker, seemed to have had a greater influence on him. As a result, he was fascinated by numbers, and his interest in numismatics was often diminished. He received his B.A. in Economics from the State University of New York in 1948 and his Ph.D. in Economics in 1977.

In 1954, the young Greenspan joined the Thomson Company in New York, and within five years, he owned half of the company's shares, and the company was renamed "Greenspan Consulting" and became its president. During that time, Greenspan made many friends and earned a reputation on Wall Street as the "smartest broker." Thirty years. Greenspan not only had a reputation on Wall Street, but he also frequently roamed Washington officialdom in preparation for his transition from businessman to official.

In 1987, Federal Reserve Chairman Volcker retired, and Greenspan unexpectedly rose up and was appointed by President George H.W. Bush as his successor. In the history of the Federal Reserve. Greenspan's emergence is abrupt because the Fed chair has always been internal, and Greenspan has never served at the Fed before.

On the eve of the January 1988 stock market crash, Greenspan was in charge of the "Black Monday" of the US stock market in 1987, and many investors even committed suicide in despair. Greenspan calmly made a move, and the prescription he prescribed at that time was to relax the monetary policy, stop the stock market from continuing to develop viciously, and steadily set the course of the big ship of the United States, "to the great joy of many Americans who had doubts about his ability, and since then they have formed an indissoluble bond with the post of chairman of the Federal Reserve."

Since then, Greenspan has made frequent "strange moves", and in 1994 he raised interest rates again and again, which was regarded as "simply crazy"; In the 1998 global financial crisis, the United States was insulated from the impact of the financial crisis by cutting interest rates three times, and finally curbing the spread of that crisis. This brilliance has led him to be called the "God of Finance" by Coal. Greenspan adhered to anti-inflationism and had the courage to break through the shackles of economic theory. The conventional theory is that an unemployment rate above six percent will cause the economy to shrink, and below five percent will trigger inflation. At present, the unemployment rate in the United States is only 4 percent, and the economy is still growing steadily. Another argument of the traditional theory is that an overheated economy will inevitably lead to inflation, but he has spared no effort in promoting a new technological revolution by noting that large-scale high-tech investments have reduced production costs while increasing productivity. Bergstein, president of the Institute for International Economics, called it "Greenspan's most remarkable historic contribution" and that he "changed not only financial policy, but also our economy and our future." As a result, the U.S. economy was able to achieve a safe "soft landing".

Greenspan has always been alert to the overheating of the U.S. economy, and at the slightest sign of overheating, he will take steps to bring it down. He commanded the American economic giant ship through the reef-infested 80s, which made the United States experience an unprecedented economic boom in the 90s. Even harsh critics have to admit that no one has been more qualified for the post of Fed chair than Greenspan over the past 25 years. According to statistics, among the more than 400 senior executives in the United States, the support rate for Greenspan is 97 percent. "National Watch" magazine said that the economy is like the military, and no one is an omnipotent and invincible god on this battlefield, but Greenspan is a brilliant commander, and his judgment is more right and less wrong, which is really rare. Many Americans say that Greenspan is the 'second most influential person in the United States' after President Clinton. There is a saying among people in the global financial circles: "As soon as Greenspan speaks, global investors will prick up their ears" and "Greenspan's sneezing will cause global investors to catch a cold", because his position is too sensitive, which dooms him to become the center of all kinds of storms.

During Greenspan's 18 years in the White House, he witnessed the longest economic boom in the United States, so many people believe that the American economy will continue to thrive as long as he is at the helm.

Recently, the federal funds rate in the United States was cut by a significant 50 basis points, which is also the first rate cut by the federal government in four years. In fact, in the face of the deepening credit crisis, the market has long been puzzled by Bernanke's delay in cutting interest rates, and now people can only say that he and Greenspan have acted in a similar style. In addition to the recent looming financial crisis, which reminds people of former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, his new book, "Turbulent Times," written two years after his retirement, is like a bombshell that has shocked the world. Speaking at the book launch at the YMCA on 92nd Street in New York, Greenspan said, "People are always trying to predict what is possible, but the results are always far from reality. In contrast, Ge Lao's predictions and analysis can certainly make the world look at it.

"Mr. President, the last economic crisis in Japan set back Japan's economic strength by at least five years, and Japan will no longer be able to put pressure on me for at least 10 years," Greenspan said. ”

"Good!" Bush Sr. smoked a big cigar, puffed out a puff of smoke, and said with a smile: "So how much money did we make?" Can we make up for what we lost in the last economic crisis? ”

"Can't!" Greenspan shook his head and said, "Our government only earns about $200 billion directly, and the domestic consortiums and institutions will not earn more than $400 billion!" ”

"So where is the $800 billion?" Bush Sr.'s cigar fell to the ground at once, and he said angrily, "With our economic strength, we only earn so much?" Why? Well? ”

"Your Excellency, President, don't be angry!" Before Greenspa could explain, CIA Director Arlus spoke up, without the slightest look of strangeness on his face, and said: "According to our investigation, the last Japanese economic crisis and the economic crisis of 87 years made the most money from Sino-Ocean Fund, or that Lin Yu!" ”