Chapter 439: Master of Antiquities

"Haha, Lao Li, you ask, just ask you to let the horse come over haha" Leng Shaohua suddenly said excitedly, his face was full of expressions of watching the play. 【】

Although he said that he was using Li Xuan's profound knowledge to hit this old friend, this was not a use, but just a mutual attack between friends.

After all, Li Xuan is him, excavated, and he thinks he is Bole.

"You're happy, don't say you haven't been assessed yet, even if you really pass the assessment, you have a hairy relationship, and it's not that you defeated me, I despise it" Lao Li was not ambiguous, and he was speechless about Leng Shaohua in one sentence.

"Why, your daughter didn't mess with you, and if she messed with you, you wouldn't engage in antiques, and keep a straight face, how ugly and ugly it is. Well, to put it mildly, it's an elephant face. ”

"Come on, if your son is not filial, if your granddaughter ignores you, I guarantee that you will not be able to hum when you look at any antiques, and I am not afraid to tell you, that pair of Tang Sancai horses, the real thing has been restored, it is in my collection room, do you want to see it" Leng Shaohua snorted coldly and said proudly.

"Your broken goods are also supporting the real thing? Only you are brain-dead to think that it is true, and you can't see such an obvious fraud," Lao Li suddenly retorted unceremoniously.

"Just because the fake is real, the real guy makes a fake, and others think it's fake, isn't it safe? Thanks to Xiao Li for helping me figure it out, after the restoration, the color, the momentum, the texture, oh, it's amazing, it's just the temptation of a naked girl."

"Ahem, evil Uncle Leng, take care of the occasion" Li Yingying sneered and reminded in a cold tone.

Leng Shaohua was suddenly a little embarrassed, smiled hehe, and didn't speak.

"Really?"

"Really"

"Are you sure you're telling the truth?"

"Of course it's true"

"Are you sure you're not lying?" Lao Li still has some unbelief.

"Then you think I'm lying," Leng Shaohua was also angry.

"Uh, okay, that's true, then, Xiao Leng, you see that I'm also a lot older, and I can't see a few good antiques, so I'll be compassionate, and I'll go to see yours after reading my collection." Big deal, what Xiao Li answers later, I think his answer is unprecedentedly detailed and complete, and his profound knowledge has surpassed me, how about it? ”

"His knowledge has a fart relationship with me, you let him water and count it as my favor? "Despise" Leng Shaohua returned the original words.

"Young man, I just don't know how to respect the old and love the young, forget it, let's assess it first" Lao Li was suddenly unhappy, help you release the water, hum, you haven't suffered enough losses, then let you be stunned again.

"That's right," Leng Shaohua said happily.

"Shut up, I'm going to ask a question, what are you interjecting for, you have so many mouths, why don't you just answer it, why are you staring at me? Threaten me, you threaten me, I have to say, you think I'm afraid of you, I'm afraid of you, you're a little cold, you're still grinning, your big thick lips, you can be compared with an orangutan, look at what, just say you-"

"Grandpa, if you are verbose, I will not accompany you"

"Ah, okay, okay, I'll get the question."

Leng Shaohua had the urge to strangle this donkey-faced old man at the moment, while Li Xuan was a little speechless, this old man is really a living treasure, but it is also interesting for Tibetan friends who are engaged in collecting to fight together.

"Well, there is a bottle, the bottle body is painted with longevity peaches, bats, the glaze of the bottle is oily and delicate, the painting is fine, the shape is unique, and there is a poem 'The fragrance is fragrant and the color is more colorful, and the sound is like a rhyme', what is this?" Lao Li put his hands behind his back and had an intoxicated confident smile on his face.

"This is the 'Jurentang' longevity peach ornamental plum vase, produced by the Republic of China." Li Xuan replied seriously.

"Huh? It's really good, so let's talk about the porcelain of the Republic of China, it seems that you know this very well. The look of appreciation in Lao Li's eyes flashed, because the previous question was actually very vague.

"After the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China, the imperial kiln factory for the royal family to burn porcelain was suspended, the national porcelain industry was improved, and many porcelain companies were established. Up to the celadon of the Six Dynasties, down to the famous kilns of the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty and the typical ware of the Ming and Qing dynasties, almost all of them are imitated, and they are vivid...... During the Republic of China, pastel porcelain was mainly imitated by Guo Shiwu, Yong, dry pastel and pastel with Zhaitang style was the most exquisite, followed by the folk collection of pastel porcelain without money or writing the Qing Dynasty of various generations of fake porcelain, as well as the so-called Hongxian porcelain. Guo Shiwu's imitation of Yongzheng, imitation of Qianlong pastel porcelain is the most fine, with the charm of Yong, dry time color porcelain.

According to the "Jingdezhen Historical Manuscript", "Ming and Qing Dynasty Porcelain Appraisal", "Antique Old News" and other works, Yuan Shikai once sent Guo Shiwu (formerly known as Guo Baochang) to serve as a pottery supervisor in Jingdezhen, which is the last pottery supervisor in the history of ceramics in China. During the period of time before and after this person served as the pottery governor, he mainly developed antique porcelain. Since he is based in Jingdezhen, he is familiar with the potters, and he also has the conditions to hire porcelain experts with a lot of money. Guo's imitation of Yongzheng, Qianlong's enamel and pastel porcelain, pure white, fine painting, magnificent color. In 1949, Guo's relatives donated porcelain to the Palace Museum, there are a number of similar utensils, mainly bottles, the bottle body is mostly skimming lantern type, the surface decoration is mainly based on figures, there are infant plays, Magu dedication to longevity, Gao Shitu and ancient literati love piano, chess, calligraphy, painting patterns. Inheriting the color method of Qianlong, the enamel color is the main one, and some of the decorations are added with pastel, and the picture decoration is exquisite, vivid and lively. Its style is red color seal script or regular script 'Jurentang system', 'the master of the house', 'pottery superintendent Guo Baochang system' and so on. This kind of fine product was called 'Hongxian' porcelain or Republic of China enamel color in the antique industry at that time. In the early Republic of China, 'Hongxian' porcelain has become synonymous with Guo's imitations.

……”

Li Xuan thought about it, then sorted out the cognition of this knowledge in his mind, and said calmly.

At this moment, Li Yingying and Lao Li both stared at him intently, their expressions were very exciting.

Leng Shaohua, on the other hand, smiled proudly, watching Li Xuan talk eloquently, he was extremely proud in his heart.

"There are many folk collections of pastel porcelain in the Republic of China, and the paintings are also very fine, which are comparable to Yongzheng pastels. In the early days of the Republic of China, there were four important hall names, which I have learned.

The first is Yi Shou Tang. This utensils have a small bowl of broken branches and peach blossoms, a lantern with a character pattern, a flower handle pot, etc., they are beautiful in shape, light in color, and each porcelain painting is like a fine brush painting. Compared with Yongzheng pastel, the pink used in peach blossoms is too intense, and the green flowers and leaves are added with powder, and the three-dimensional sense of the whole picture is poor.

The second is Jingyuan Hall. This is a special product for the Beiyang warlord Xu Shichang. There are all kinds of pastel flower and bird pattern bottles, yellow flower peach bowls, flower-style cups, plum blossom-style handle pots, etc., all of which imitate the fine artistic style of Yongzheng pastel.

Then there is the Yanqing Building. It is a special product for the Beiyang warlord Cao Kun. According to the information I have seen so far, the porcelain of the 'Yanqing Building' model is a large bottle. The Palace Museum collects a 100-centimeter-high pastel brocade open character pattern vase, and the inside of the bottle mouth is written in red color 'Yanqing Building System' in four characters. This device is tall, the shape is regular, and the decorative lines are smooth. The 'thousand-piece' vase is also a major feature of porcelain in the Republic of China, with blue and white, color glaze, pastel and other varieties.

The fourth is Jurentang, which is a pastel porcelain made by Guo Shiwu for Yuan Shikai. The genuine ones all have the style of the pastels of the imperial kilns of the Qing Dynasty. Chengde Summer Resort Museum has a red color seal book 'Jurentang system' pastel cloud bat pattern appreciation bottle, this bottle shape, ornamentation, color are the same as Guangxu Imperial Kiln pastel appreciation bottle, its characteristics are slightly skimming, long neck, round belly, circle feet. The neck is painted with pastel cloud bat patterns, the abdomen is painted with red color two dragons playing with pearls and decorated with pastel cloud patterns, and the whole body is decorated with gold color edges, which looks brilliant.

……”

Li Xuan thought about it for a while, and seriously said several famous names in the Republic of China, and now he can be regarded as a complete answer to this question.

This Lao Li asked ingeniously, but its difficulty is still very large, there is no level combined with the current situation and the past history, to understand the development of this porcelain, it is indeed very difficult.

"Fortunately, in terms of porcelain, I have nothing to say, I have such an understanding of porcelain in the early days of the Republic of China, and the rest will naturally not be bad." Lao Li said a word of admiration, but did not say anything more, obviously although he said this, he was still waiting for Li Xuan's brief explanation.

And Leng Shaohua and Li Yingying thought deeply.

"Pastel was founded in Kangxi and flourished in Yongzheng. In the late Kangxi period, on the basis of the production of enamel porcelain, the Jingdezhen kiln began to fire pastel porcelain, but the production was coarse, and only the pastel dot dyeing was used in the flowers of the safflower, and other decorations still followed the production of five colors. At present, there are two main varieties found: one is white ground pastel; First, green, yellow, purple three-color porcelain with carmine (golden red) color. In the Yongzheng Dynasty, in terms of modeling, glaze and painting, pastel porcelain has been unprecedentedly developed. Pastel is one of the most famous varieties of Yongzheng color porcelain, the color material is finer than that of the Kangxi Dynasty, the color is soft, and the dyeing layer is more. Most of them are painted on white ground, and a small number are painted on colored ground. The flower butterfly picture is the most, and peonies, moon seasons, begonias, and seasonal flowers are also extremely common. There are also more character story pictures in pastels. In addition, the homophonic "bat" (fu) and 'deer' (lu) patterns in pastel porcelain are very common. At that time, the so-called 'over-branching' technique was prominent.

……

In the early days of Yongzheng, there was a Kangxi colorful style, and the pastel pattern was decorated with many painted group flowers, group butterflies, eight peach bats (meaning more blessings and more longevity), over-the-branch flowers, daffodils and ganoderma lucidum, ladies, Magu offering longevity, infant play, etc. The ornamentation is obviously sparse and regular. For example, the pastel peach bat plate is painted from the outer wall of the plate, and the peach branches and leaves and bat are painted through the plate through the plate mouth to the center of the plate......

Some of the Qianlong pastels inherited the characteristics of the Yongzheng period's sparse and gorgeous ornamentation painted on the fat white glaze, such as the common folded branch flower plates, bowls, vials, basins, character pen holders and large utensils such as deer heads. The deer head is a common breed in the Qianlong period. Its mouth is straight, the mouth is gradually enlarged, the abdomen is lowered and the bottom is closed, and the feet are circled. The upper part of the statue is decorated with two carved phoenix ears, cockroach ears or deer head ears, which are named after the shape of the upside-down bull head or deer head. The deer head is painted on the white ground, green mountains and green waters, trees, there are many sika deer running or standing, or looking back or bowing their heads in the mountains and rivers and jungles, the color is bright, the level is clear, and the layout is sparse and dense. This kind of porcelain also has a ...... called Bailuzun

Jiaqing Dynasty porcelain is mainly pastel, and furnishings, study utensils, daily utensils, and five offerings (consisting of two incense pots, two flower grabs and one incense burner) and ritual utensils are common. The pastel of the early Jiaqing Dynasty still has the characteristics of the Qianlong Dynasty, which is relatively fine, and there are both 'a hundred flowers do not show the ground', and there are also colored ground rolling roads and opening the light......

Daoguang Dynasty color porcelain, in addition to the white ground pastel, there are a variety of colors of ground open pastel, and often combined with the gold painting process. In addition to bottles, cans and a small number of stationery utensils, a large number of utensils are bowls and plates and other daily utensils, and the patterns are highlighted by lotus, leprosy melon and infant play pictures, ladies in clear costumes and various flowers, butterflies and cordyceps. It is also common to see auspicious themes such as 'auspicious celebrations', 'Magu offering longevity', 'Taiping Youxiang', etc., among which most of the pastels that belong to the 'Shendetang system', 'slack' bamboo master and 'Chongdetang system' are more exquisite......

……”

Li Xuan knew that this old Li must be unconvinced in his heart, so he came up with a very ruthless question, because porcelain is different from other things, not that if you understand porcelain, you will understand the history and development of porcelain, this appreciation is two problems, but in the same way, those who understand the waiting situation of porcelain history will definitely be antique masters.

But those who know antiques, but they don't necessarily understand the characteristics and history of porcelain waiting, Lao Li asked, in fact, he is young and doesn't know a lot about Li Xuan's age.

But Li Xuan also intended to hit this old Li, just because this old Li does look at people by age, and Li Yingying next to him has always been very disdainful of his eyes, which makes him very unhappy in his heart-

Thank you very much for the book friend 'Wind Burial Month' for once again rewarding 10,000 yuan for your support, thank you very much.

O(_)O~

[Dedication]