Especially for a big family like them, the bigger the family, the more so, just like the three Zhuge brothers of the Zhuge family of the Langya family, the three brothers are in the camp of the three brothers of the Three Kingdoms.

Strictly speaking, Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi are still in-laws.

Many people know that Zhuge Jin, a heavy minister of Eastern Wu, is the second brother of Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty.

But I don't know that the Zhuge family of the Langya family, in addition to the above two, there is also a clan brother Zhuge Dan, who is an important minister of Cao Wei.

Zhuge Dan was loyal to Cao Wei, and once held local military power, so he became the target of the metropolitan governor Sima Yi. Sima Yi's fifth son, Sima Ling, married Zhuge Dan's eldest daughter as his wife, so Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang, the old enemies, are actually sons and daughters.

This is the chaos of the gate valve family, don't think that it is a fierce enemy on the surface, but in fact, the relationship behind it may be supported by the gate valve family.

Another example:

On the way to escape to Qian County, Zhang Fei snatched a little Lori who was about thirteen or fourteen years old..........................................................................................

After the fall of the Sui Dynasty, the emperors of the Tang Dynasty inherited the talent selection system handed down from the Sui Dynasty and made further improvements. As a result, the imperial examination system was gradually completed. In the Tang Dynasty, the subjects of the examination were divided into two categories: regular subjects and system subjects. The annual periodical examination is called the regular department, and the examination held temporarily by the emperor's edict is called the system department.

There are more than 50 kinds of subjects in the regular course, such as Xiucai, Ming Jing, Jinshi, Junshi, Ming Law, Ming Zi, Ming Calculation, etc. Among them, the subjects of Ming Law, Ming Calculation, and Ming Characters are not taken seriously. Junshi and other subjects are not held often, and Xiucai is a subject, which was very demanding in the early Tang Dynasty, and later gradually abandoned. Therefore, the two subjects of Ming Jing and Jinshi became the main subjects of the Tang Dynasty. After Tang Gaozong, Jinshike was especially important to the people. Many of the prime ministers of the Tang Dynasty were mostly Jinshi backgrounds. There are two sources for candidates in the regular course, one is a student and the other is a village tribute. Subjects who are born in Beijing and state and county schools, and are sent to Shangshu Province are called students, and those who are not from the school hall and first pass the state and county examinations, and then send them to Shangshu Province to take the test are called Xianggong. Those who enter Beijing from the township tribute are generally called lifters. The state and county examinations are called the Jiekao, and the examinations in Shangshu Province are commonly known as the provincial examinations, or the Ministry of Rites examinations. The Ministry of Rites Examination is held in the spring, so it is also called Chunqiu, which is also the meaning of the examination room.

The two subjects of Ming Jing and Jinshi were originally just trial strategies, and the content of the examination was Jingyi or current affairs. Although the subjects of the two examinations have changed later, the basic spirit is that Jinshi emphasizes poetry, and Mingjing emphasizes scripture and Moyi. The so-called scripture is to open a page of the scriptures, cover the left and right sides, only open a line in the middle, and then cover the three characters with paper stickers, so that the test can be filled. Moyi is a simple written test of the words of the scriptures. As long as you are familiar with the scriptures and commentaries, you can pass the test, and the poetry needs to have literary talent. It was very difficult to get the first Jinshi, so there was a saying at that time that "thirty old Ming Jing, fifty young Jinshi".

The regular examination was originally presided over by the examiner of the Ministry of Officials, and later changed to be presided over by the Ministry of Rites, which was called "Quanzhi Gongju". Jinshi and the first name is "Denglongmen", and the first place is called the champion or the head. The people on the same list want to pool money to hold a celebration activity, and the two young people on the same list explore the famous flowers in the famous garden, and call the flower explorer. It is necessary to go to the apricot orchard collectively to participate in the banquet, which is called the flower exploration banquet. After the banquet, the same went to the Yan Pagoda of the Temple of Mercy and Grace to inscribe the name to show its glory, so put it again

The Zhongjin Shi is called the "Wild Goose Pagoda Inscription". Tang Mengjiao once wrote the poem "After Dengke": "The spring breeze is proud, and I once saw all the Chang'an flowers. Therefore, the spring breeze has become synonymous with Jinshi and the first. After Chang Ke ascended to the top, he also had to go through the examination of the Ministry of Officials, which was called the selection test. Only those who pass the test can be awarded official positions. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan Jinshi and the queen, with erudition and macro words, was immediately awarded the "Jixian Hall Zhengzi". If you fail in the official examination, you can only go to the Jiedu envoy to become a staff member, and then strive to get an official position officially appointed by the state. After Han Yu passed the Jinshi examination, he failed to pass the three selection exams, and had to serve as a staff member of the Jiedu envoy before stepping into the officialdom.

In the Tang Dynasty, not only the test results were obtained, but also the recommendations of various people. Therefore, candidates have rushed to the door of the secretary of state and presented their masterpieces to them, which is called submitting papers. Those who vote to the Ministry of Rites are called public scrolls, and those who are voted to dignitaries and nobles are called line scrolls. The submission of the scroll does make talented people shine, such as the poet Bai Juyi's poem "Endowed with Grass on the Plain" to Gu Gu, which was highly praised by the old poets. However, there are also people who deceive the world and steal their reputation.

In February of the first year of Wu Zetianzai, the empress personally "asked the tribute people in the Luocheng Palace", which was the beginning of the temple examination in China's imperial examination system, but there was no system in the Tang Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, martial arts were also produced. Wuju began in the second year of Wu Zetian's Chang'an, 702 AD. The candidates for the martial arts are from the township tribute and are examined by the military department. The test subjects include horse shooting, infantry shooting, flat shooting, horse pistol, weight, etc. "Those who rank higher are awarded officials, and secondly, they are promoted by class."

The period of perestroika

The imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty were roughly the same as those in the Tang Dynasty, with regular examinations, system examinations, and martial examinations. In contrast, the subjects of the Song Dynasty were greatly reduced compared with the Tang Dynasty, among which the Jinshi Department was still the most valued, and most of the Jinshi first-class officials could be officials to the prime minister, so the Song people took the Jinshi Department as the prime minister's department. Song Lu Zuqian said: "The science of Jinshi is often a general, and they are all extremely obvious. "At that time, there was a saying of burning incense and ceremonizing Jinshi. In addition to the Jinshi course, other subjects are collectively referred to as all subjects. The imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty underwent major reforms in both form and content.

First of all, the imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty relaxed the scope of admission and role. In the Song Dynasty, Jinshi was divided into three classes: the first class was called Jinshi and etc., the second class was called Jinshi origin, and the third class was given the same Jinshi origin. As a result of the expanded admissions, the number of places has also increased exponentially. In the Tang Dynasty, only twenty or thirty people were admitted at a time, and there were only a few or more than a dozen people. In the Song Dynasty, as many as two or three hundred people were admitted at a time, or even five or six hundred. For candidates who have repeatedly failed the exam, they are allowed to sign up for the supplementary examination when they encounter the emperor's examination, which is called the special performance name. It can also ask the emperor to be gracious, reward birth qualifications, appoint officials, and set a precedent for future generations.

The Song Dynasty established a three-level examination system once every three years. At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, there was only a two-level examination system. The first level is the examination held by the state, and the first level is the provincial examination held by the Ministry of Rites. In order to select people who are really down-to-earth and talented under feudal rule to serve in official positions and serve them, Song Taizu implemented the palace examination in the sixth year of Kaibao. Since then, the palace examination has become the highest level of the imperial examination system, and the three-level imperial examination system of the state examination, the provincial examination and the palace examination has been formalized. After the palace examination, there is no need to go through the examination of the Ministry of Officials, and the official is directly awarded. Song Taizu also ordered that after the examination, it was not allowed to call the examiner a teacher or call himself a protégé. In this way, all those who are in rank become protégés of the Son of Heaven. After the palace examination, the list will be released in the top three.

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