Chapter 7 Oxide High-Temperature Superconducting Materials

"Well, yes, as a person who came down from the battlefield, if I can't quickly familiarize myself with the terrain when I get to a place, I may not be able to come back!" Fu Xin reacted quickly this time and said in a way that wanted to cover up.

"Brother Fu Xin, don't let you talk nonsense!" Zhong Ying heard something that she didn't dare to imagine, and immediately said coquettishly.

"Brother, sister-in-law, pay attention to the influence!" Fu Lao on the side, looking at the intimate appearance of these two people, he really couldn't get over it in terms of face, he was too bold, but he still said with envy. He is a little old-fashioned and old, but he seems to have changed a little.

"Second child, what do you envy, if you are envious, you go and find one, you are also seventeen, you don't have to close yourself so much when you go to college, look at your honest and old-fashioned appearance, you don't learn to change, sooner or later you will have a day of hardship.

You don't have to worry about going to school now, eating and wearing, my brother will burden you, but I can say it first, after you graduate from college, if you don't plan to continue studying, then your brother can only help you get here, and you will have to rely on yourself in the future! Fu Xin said a little "ruthlessly".

He really hopes that Fu Lao can make changes, although stupid people have stupid blessings, but that is only a few, he is honest and old-fashioned, and he will suffer sooner or later when he enters the society.

"Eh, these classmates, come and do me a favor." A middle-aged man who looked to be about forty years old and was dressed in a gray tunic, pointed to the contents of a somewhat worn tricycle next to him, and beckoned to Fu Xin and the others.

Zhao ...... Director Zhao Yiming...... Why is he here? Fu Xin turned his face to look at it, a little stunned, at this time, a senior, and one of his former "sub-subject" teachers.

"Brother, what are you talking about? What director? Fu Jiu asked suspiciously, he seemed to hear Fu Xin's words just now.

"I didn't ...... Didn't say anything, let's go up and help! Fu Xin thought that he had covered up the past well, but in the eyes of Fu Jiu and Zhong Ying, it was a question.

The reason why Fu Xin lost his temper is that the man in front of him who looks about forty years old, this person is called Zhao Yiming, maybe he is not very famous among ordinary people, but in the superconductivity world, he is a very famous scientist.

In the future, he will be an academician of the Third World Academy of Sciences, a researcher at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the director of the State Key Laboratory of Superconductivity in China. This is still a false title, the key is the research results he produces.

In April 1986, the research center of IBM Corporation in the United States, located in Zurich, Switzerland, reported that an oxide (lanthanum-barium-copper-oxygen) has a high-temperature superconductivity of 35K, breaking the traditional concept of "oxide ceramics are insulators" and causing a sensation in the world scientific community.

Since then, scientists have been racing against the clock, and almost every few days, new research results have emerged. A few months later, just as some metals reach a critical temperature and their resistance suddenly disappears, they have worked hard to get the moment of willow shore flowers - they discovered the superconductivity phenomenon of 70K in the La-Ba-Cu-O series of materials.

Subsequently, at the beginning of 1987, they obtained superconductors with an initial transition temperature of more than 100 K, and first announced its chemical composition - ba-y-cu-o in the world, and this research result promoted superconductivity research in many countries.

Of course, at this time he was not so famous, but he was not weak, at this time he was already the deputy director of the Superconducting Materials Laboratory of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

"Hello Director Zhao." Fu Xin walked up, and greeted Zhao Yiming in the surprised eyes of Fu Jiu and Zhong Ying.

"Oh...... If you know me, then you should be a student of materials physics, I gave you a lecture. Zhao Yiming said with a smile on his face and a kind look in his eyes.

Fu Xin replied, "I haven't listened to your class, but I have heard of you." I'm here to help you, why are you two stunned? Come and help! ”

As soon as Fu Xin finished speaking, he picked up a stack of books, and Fu Lao and Zhong Ying, who were standing next to him, also immediately ran over to help.

When Zhao Yiming heard this, he was a little interested, he hadn't listened to his class, but he could recognize him as a person, it must be someone who has a certain insight into superconducting materials, he suddenly found a soulmate, and he also wanted to talk to Fu Xin.

So Zhao Yiming wanted to reach out and move the books on the tricycle, but when he looked back, all the books on it were emptied by the three young people in front of him, he smiled embarrassedly, and then said: "Share me a little, you have moved, I'm really embarrassed." ”

"It's okay! That's it, let's move it, you just lead the way in front. Fu Xin said with a smile on the side.

"Okay...... It's also good for young people to exercise more, come with me. "Zhao Yiming is so welcome. It's just that Fu Lao on the side has some complaints in his heart, he picked up the most, and he couldn't bear it anymore, but the two people in front of him were still talking about the wind and cold.

Fortunately, it was not very far, and it would have arrived soon, otherwise Fu Lao would have doubted whether he needed to take a break. After delivering the things, Zhong Ying and Fu Lao immediately returned back, and their luggage was still at the door!

And Fu Xin is still helping Zhao Yiming sort out his belongings.

"This classmate, I see that you have been wanting to speak and stopping, if you have anything to say, just say it, as long as I, Zhao Yiming, can answer you, try to answer!" Zhao Yiming lowered his head and asked Fu Xin while sorting out these books.

"Director Zhao, I do have some questions for you. I have a little bit of experience in superconducting physics, but there is one question that has been bothering me. I want to ask you. Fu Xin said cautiously.

"Say, if you ask about anything else, I may not be able to answer you, but in this regard, I should still be able to answer." Zhao Yiming thinks that he is still doing a good job in this regard, and there should be no student who can embarrass him.

"That's right, Director Zhao. I think that in the current superconducting physics, people's choice of superconducting materials is limited to pure metals, metal alloys and metal compounds, but the critical temperature of these materials is about 23.2K, which bothers us for seven ...... It's been eight years! So, I had a new idea, why don't we try to study with oxides? Fu Xin said while sorting out his thoughts.

"Well, the problem is this, because oxide ceramics are insulators, they can't be conductors, let alone superconductors! You should know this. Zhao Yiming put down the matter in his hand and stood up and replied.

Fu Xin still said unrelentingly: "Hmm! I know that it is the oxide ceramic that is the insulator. However, I have the assumption that, in general, the electrons of an insulator are tightly attached to the nucleus and therefore do not conduct electricity easily. But I think that if some insulators are mixed with impurities to loosen the electrons that are tightly connected to the nucleus, then the electrons will be freer, and these insulators may become conductors, superconductors! So in terms of how to find these materials, I think we can start thinking about rare earth element oxides. ”

Fu Xin's sudden proposal stunned Zhao Yiming!

"This is likely to be a major discovery that broke the confinement!" Zhao Yiming shouted from the bottom of his heart!

"What, you repeat it again, I'll take a notebook and write it down." After saying it excitedly, Zhao Yiming immediately took out a hero pen and a small notebook from the pocket of his clothes.

Fu Xin saw that Zhao Yiming had slowly recalled what he had just said in his notebook, and did not hesitate, repeating: "I mean, I have an assumption that under normal circumstances, the electrons of insulators are tightly connected to the nucleus, so they are not easy to conduct electricity; But I think that if some insulators are mixed with impurities to loosen the electrons that are tightly connected to the nucleus, then the electrons will be freer, and these insulators may become conductors, superconductors. As for how to find these materials, I think we can start with rare earth element oxides. ”

Fu Xin said very slowly, Zhao Yiming remembered it quickly, and after remembering it, Zhao Yiming stood there and fell into deep thought.

Fu Xin saw that Zhao Yiming fell into deep thought, and immediately retreated quietly, and closed the door by the way.

Of course, Fu Xin knew the result behind this idea, which was the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1987, which was won by Bernoldz of West Germany and Müller of Switzerland.

They met at an international conference in July 1983, and Bernoz proposed the idea, which Müller was working on at the time, and Bernoz's views coincided with his ideas.

Eventually, the two began to concentrate on the study of the superconductivity of rare earth element oxides from 1983, and on January 26, 1986, at the Zurich laboratory of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, the two found that the critical temperature of barium-lanthanum copper oxide compounds had increased to about 30K, and proved that it was possible to increase to 35K, breaking the concept that "oxide ceramics are insulators" and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1987.

Fu Xin is doing this now, of course, because he wants to create a Nobel Prize in physics. The moment he saw Zhao Yiming, he began to have a whim. No one in China has won the Nobel Prize has always been a heart disease for Chinese, until 2012, when a Nobel family came out of the house, they were not so enthusiastic, but that is the field, in the field of science, until Fu Xin crossed, no one in China can win this award.

"Aren't we just a step too late, and if I give him a hint, will he be able to make oxide high-temperature superconducting materials before Bernortz and Müller? After making it, can the Nobel Prize in physics be snatched? Fu Xin thought at the time.

"Brother Fu Xin, why have you been in there for so long!" When Fu Xin came out of the building, Zhong Ying said impatiently.

"It didn't take long for me to say a few words to the teacher just now." Fu Xin said absentmindedly, but he was thinking in his heart: "Director Zhao Yiming, I can only help you get here, whether it succeeds or not, it's up to you, I will cheer you up from the bottom of my heart!" If you can't do it, then I can't help it, after all, if I say too much, it will be shocking, and I don't want to be high-profile. ”

"Let's go, let's go find the dormitory." Throwing away distracting thoughts, Fu Xin began to concentrate on what was in front of him.

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