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According to preliminary surveys, there are about 60 kilograms of manganese nodules per square metre of seabed. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

More than 50 of the manganese nodules are iron oxide and manganese oxide, and also contain more than 20 elements such as nickel, copper, cobalt, and molybdenum.

In terms of the reserves of the Pacific Ocean alone, this manganese nodule contains 400 billion tons of manganese, 16.4 billion tons of nickel, 8.8 billion tons of copper, and 5.8 billion tons of cobalt, and its metal resources are hundreds or even thousands of times the total reserves on land.

According to the current level of metal consumption in the world, copper can be supplied for 600 years, nickel can be supplied for 15,000 years, manganese can be supplied for 24,000 years, and cobalt can meet the needs of mankind for 130,000 years.

Moreover, this nodule is growing rapidly, accumulating at a rate of 10 million tons per year, so manganese nodules will become an inexhaustible 'self-generated mineral' for mankind.

How are manganese nodules formed?

The Earth is 5 billion years old, and in the process, it is constantly changing.

A variety of deposits have been formed through magmatic and hydrothermal activity in the earth's crust, as well as crustal surface denudation, transport and sedimentation.

The erosion of the rain causes some of the minerals dissolved on the ground to flow into the sea.

Manganese and iron in seawater were originally saturated, but due to this river entrainment, the content of these two elements increased continuously, causing supersaturated precipitation, which was initially precipitated by colloidal hydrous oxides.

In the process of precipitation, copper, cobalt and other substances are adsorbed in many ways, and rock debris, marine bones and other nutrients form nodules, which sink to the bottom of the sea and roll together with the undercurrent, like a snowball, rolling bigger and bigger, rolling more and more, forming manganese nodules of different sizes.

Manganese nodules are widely distributed in the surface layer of the world's oceans at depths of 2000-6000 m, and the best quality is generated on the seabed at depths of 4000-6000 m.

The total reserves of manganese nodules are estimated at more than 3,000 billion tons.

Manganese nodules are not only abundant, but also continue to grow.

Growth rates vary from time to time and from place to place, with an average of 1 millimetre growing per millennium, which translates to an annual increase of 10 million tonnes of manganese nodules worldwide.

Manganese nodules can be described as an "inexhaustible" renewable polymetallic mineral resource.

Jin San didn't have the ability to enter the deep sea mining, but in the shallow sea offshore, he could let the copper devouring grass go to collect copper ore.

And Jin San never gave up on the idea of building a large island.

If he really built a large island, everything on the island would need a lot of money, and the Copper Devouring Grass was one of the best sources of funding.

Of course, it would be even more wonderful if Jin San could research another kind of gold-devouring grass, there are not only copper mines in the ocean, but also a lot of gold and silver mines, especially gold.

Gold is very little on land, but how much gold is in the ocean?

Seawater contains 15 million ~ 18 million tons of gold, and the optimistic estimate can reach 55 million tons, far exceeding the reserves of gold on land.

Some of the world's seas contain staggering amounts of gold.

The content in the Caribbean Sea is as high as 15~18 mg/ton, while the average content in general seawater is 0.004~0.02 mg/ton, which is more than 750~900 times higher.

The amount of gold in China's Bohai, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea reached 15,000 tons, which is very impressive.

Unfortunately, the current mining technology is backward, and the cost of gold extraction is too high, so that people can only "look at the ocean and sigh".

The gold in the seawater comes from placer gold, and the gold ore from the mainland is dissolved by flowing water and brought to the ocean as a solution; It also originates from submarine volcanic eruptions, and the ejecta contains gold.

Scientists from all over the world are currently working on gold extraction from seawater, but nothing seems to have been achieved.

And Jin San's copper devouring grass has already appeared as a finished product.

Looking at the plants that shimmered with golden light, there was a green sè that quickly turned into a yellow sè, and Jin San knew that his copper devouring grass had been officially transformed.

Jin San took a few golden seeds and walked out of the Tibetan Horse Valley.

The Jin family outside the valley has changed greatly.

In the past few months, the Jin family has built several rows of houses in the courtyard, and in addition to the restaurants of various uncles and uncles, the Jin family's restaurants have also been renovated.

There are four small buildings in a row of the three families, all of which are two-story small buildings with single courtyards.

Jin Yuan and the two elders have one building, one for each of the Golden Tiger and Golden Scales, and one for Jin San himself.

The small building is a simple small two-storey, very ordinary farmhouse, the entire courtyard is closed with an aluminum alloy frame, and the glass is inlaid on it, which looks bright and dazzling from a distance, and it is still very eye-catching.

"Uncle, why are you going?" Jin Lan ran over from a distance, still holding a small plane in her hand, saw Jin San and asked.

Jin San looked at Jin Lan with a smile on his face: "I'm going to plant good things, Xiaolan is going to release the plane?" ”

"Uncle, you laugh at me too?" In school, Jin Ranh filled in the study group of aircraft manufacturing.

A very good and powerful major, however, many people are not optimistic about her.

A little girl in the countryside wants to build an airplane when she grows up.

According to the instructions of Jin San, all students in Jin San School Park can choose a study group according to their own interests.

Teachers can only try their best to help students, help them organize materials, and provide learning help, so that students can systematically learn the knowledge they are interested in.

"How could I laugh at you? In fact, other people are stupid, what's so difficult about this plane? At first, our ancestors only used a few planks and an engine to let the plane take itself to the sky, with our current technology, it is not normal to make an airplane? "Jin Sandao.

Jin Lan had an expression that counted you as acquaintance, but she quickly raised the small plane in her hand and said, "Uncle, look, this is the remote control plane I made, I'll let it fly for you for a while." ”

Jin Lan directly put the plane on the cement aisle in front of her house, using the remote control cāo vertical, starting, taxiing, taking off, a set of actions, Jin Lan sat up very skillfully, it seems that she has done it countless times, otherwise it would not be so proficient.

Soon, the small plane flew smoothly in the air, and Jin Lan proudly showed off to Jin San.

At home, Jin San hasn't seen her air show yet.

"Cut, proud of what? This kind of airplane is also used by you to research, and people are selling remote-controlled planes all over the streets outside. Golden Scale saw the small plane flying in the sky and came out of the house.

"It's better than you, raise sheep as big as rhinoceros, and raise cattle as big as elephants, you and your eldest brother are fools." Jin Lan was not convinced.

Jin San listened to the excitement and couldn't help asking, "What's going on?" ”

Jin Lan hurriedly said: "The major chosen by Jin Liang and the eldest brother is biology, they want to raise the cattle and sheep in the family as big as rhinoceros and elephants, third uncle, do you think they are stupid?" ”

"How stupid are we? A few catties of carp can be raised by the third uncle to be hundreds of catties of big fish, why can't we raise a hundred catties of sheep to 10,000 catties? Jin Liang said unconvinced.

Jin San was speechless, these boys really dared to think about it, but their thoughts were not untargeted, if they could accurately control the giant gene chain of cattle and sheep, it might not be a dream to evolve a black goat with a rhinoceros size.

"Let's do it, didn't the original person say it? How bold people are and how productive the land is, I originally thought it was nonsense, but now the soilless cultivation technology is very advanced, which is equivalent to the realization of this, so the current nonsense, maybe in the near future, is the achievements you have made. ”

"Fly your wings and achieve your dreams, that's my motto." Golden Scales shouted very arrogantly.

"What's the big deal? They are all foodies, and they think about eating every day. Jin Lan was still unconvinced.

Jin Lan also couldn't get used to Jin Lan: "It's better than you, what's the use of you studying this plane?" It's a piece of waste, a plaything, I suspect that the plane you want to build is this kind of toy, you can't make excuses for wanting to play, right? ”

"You're just thinking about playing! My plane is very useful. ”

"I can't see what the big use is, you better let it land smoothly! I think it's running out of power, right? Golden Scale said scoffingly.

The shortcoming of this aircraft is power, the remote control aircraft made by Jin Ranh is just the simplest electric aircraft, and to let the plane take off, with the current battery technology, it is not possible to let such a small plane fly for a long time.

Controlling the small plane and landing smoothly, Jin Lan said hatefully: "It is because there are only foodies like you in China that our people can't raise their heads abroad, my plane, as long as it is continuously strengthened, I can turn it into an unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, unmanned bomber, unmanned fighter, control it, just like playing a game, strategize and win thousands of miles away." ”

"Don't you dream, what can you scout on a remote-controlled plane that can't fly out of two miles? How do you want it to be detected? ”

"Hmph, it seems that if I don't show you some real materials, you really want to underestimate me." As she spoke, Jin Lan mysteriously took out a mobile phone from her pocket.

"Jin Lan, my mother won't let us play with our mobile phones, you actually hide your mobile phone, I will tell my mother**."

"Han jiān, will make a small report, is a person like you still a man?" Jin Lan opened the video playback in her mobile phone very familiarly, and a picture soon appeared on it.

The quality of the picture is not good, the shaking is also very strong, and there is a lot of noise, which is obviously the sound of the aircraft's electric motor.

When Jin Yan saw the shaking picture, he wanted to laugh at Jin Lan, but after seeing what was filmed in the picture, he immediately said, "How did you shoot this video?" It's our secret, you're a thief. ”

"Cut, isn't it just to raise a head and four heads? I don't want to watch it, but if I do, I'll make you a little movie every day and put it in the school for all the students to watch. Jin Lan said triumphantly.

Jin San was also attracted to the interest, walked in and took a closer look, in the picture is a few students around a large animal discussing something, the animal is also peculiar, it looks like a black goat, but the size is already the size of an adult bull. (To be continued.)