"Master, where are these two bags of rice?" Fu Xin gasped a little in his mouth, carried two meters on his shoulder, and broke in, startling Xiao Hei who was burning the fire and Lao Dao, who was carrying a shovel to cook rice.

Lao Dao stopped what he was doing, pointed to the big vat where he stored the rice and said, "Just put it next to this rice jar!" ”

Lao Dao noticed that something was wrong, and asked again: "By the way, Fu Xin, you carried two bags of rice up, what about the tape recorder you brought?" ”

Fu Xin snorted in a nasal voice, and then replied: "I am still in the car below, I have to run again, and I also brought a few catties of meat, two pots of oil, three bags of salt and a case of wine, all in the car, I will go down and get them now." ”

"Senior brother, I'll help you!" Xiao Hei said suddenly.

Fu Xin shook his head and said, "No need, I can take it at once!" ”

"Don't be reckless, you kid!" Lao Dao glanced at Fu Xin, and then instructed Xiao Hei: "You go and help your senior brother get some, the tape recorder and a box of wine can't be broken, he takes so much in one piece, I'm afraid he will fall." ”

Fu Xin thought about it, maybe he felt that he really couldn't take so much, so he didn't refuse anymore, and said to Xiao Hei: "Senior brother, come if you want to!" ”

"Xiao Hei, do you have any psychological shadows, I don't think you don't understand the world, but you don't want to communicate with people!" Walking on the way down the mountain, Fu Xin took the initiative to ask.

Xiao Hei hesitated for a while, remembered the old command, plucked up his courage, lowered his head and said, "Hmm! Then there was no sound.

Fu Xin looked at Xiao Hei like this, and his heart was determined, what was he unspeakable, and then changed the topic and said: "Xiao Hei, what aspects do you mainly know about integrated circuits?" ”

Asked about this area of his strengths, Xiao Hei was obviously much more confident, looked into Fu Xin's eyes and replied: "Since my grandfather taught me, the conditions were limited, so what I am best at now is the functional design stage. ”

In the functional design stage, Fu Xin understands that this stage refers to the designer's setting of some specifications such as function, operation speed, interface specifications, ambient temperature and power consumption according to the application of the product, as the basis for future circuit design. It can further plan how to divide the software module and hardware module, which functions should be integrated into the SoC, and which functions can be designed on the circuit board.

In Fu Xin's memory, integrated circuit design is divided into chip hardware design and software co-design, and chip hardware design includes five stages: functional design stage, design description and behavior-level verification, logic synthesis, gate-level verification, layout and wiring; Software co-design also includes five stages: circuit design, pre-simulation, layout design, post-simulation, and post-processing.

In the chip hardware design, after the functional design is completed, the SOC can be divided into several functional modules according to the function, and the IP core to be used to implement these functions can be determined. This phase will affect the internal architecture of the SoC and the signals that interact with each module, as well as the reliability of future products. After the modules are decided, the design of each module can be implemented in a hardware description language such as VHDL. Then, VHDL's circuit simulator was used to perform functional verification (function_simulation) of the design.

Once you have determined that the design description is correct, you can use the synthesizer tool to synthesize. In the synthesis process, it is necessary to select the appropriate logic device library (logic_cell_library) as a reference basis for synthesizing logic circuits. The writing style of the hardware language design description file is an important factor in determining the execution efficiency of the synthesis tool. In fact, the HDL syntax supported by the synthesis tools is limited, and some overly abstract syntax is only suitable for simulation models for system evaluation, but cannot be accepted by the synthesis tools. The gate-level netlist is obtained by logical synthesis.

This is followed by gate-level verification, which is the register transfer-level verification. The main task is to confirm that the synthesized circuit meets the functional requirements, which is generally done using gate-level verification tools.

Finally, layout and wiring, layout refers to the reasonable arrangement of the designed functional modules on the chip and the planning of their position. Cabling refers to the wiring that completes the interconnection between the modules. Note that the wires between the modules are often long, so the resulting latency can seriously impact the performance of the SoC, especially above 0.25 microns.

In software collaborative design, circuit design is based on the function of the circuit to complete the design of the circuit. Pre-simulation refers to the simulation of circuit functions, including the simulation of parameters such as power consumption, current, voltage, temperature, swing amplitude, input and output characteristics, etc.

This is followed by layout design, which is based on the circuit design design. Post-simulation is to simulate the drawn layout, compare it with the pre-simulation, and modify or redesign the layout if it does not meet the requirements. The next step is to generate a GDSII file from the layout file and hand it over to Foundry for tape-out. Now there are two big stages and ten small stages, many of which cannot be done at present, and there is no such concept.

"By the way, senior brother, I should know a lot about integrated circuits for televisions, integrated circuits for televisions, including line and field scanning integrated circuits, intermediate amplifier integrated circuits, sound integrated circuits, AV/TV conversion integrated circuits, switching power supply integrated circuits, Liyin decoding integrated circuits, picture-in-picture processing integrated circuits, memory integrated circuits, etc. I can make all of this, and I can even make integrated circuits for color televisions, that is, color decoding integrated circuits. That is, on microprocessor integrated circuits, I still have some confusion. I wonder if this will work for you? Xiao Hei said with his head down.

"It's useless, it's so useful!" Fu Xin shouted in his heart. This is really an unexpected joy, originally he was still distressed, Huaxing is too single a tape recorder product, as a result, what do you want, this little black has not yet arrived under his account, he has already given a big gift!

Fu Xin suddenly forgot that Xiao Hei was a guy who was afraid of life, and happily slapped Xiao Hei on the shoulder and said, "Xiao Hei, you are really a talent!" Your integrated circuit for TV is so useful to me and to my Huaxing! I was wrong before, I looked down on you, and I apologize to you again! After speaking, Fu Xin lowered his high head to Xiao Hei.

Xiao Hei, like a girl, blushed and lowered her head.

Fu Xin said: "Microprocessor integrated circuits are not made by ordinary people, that requires a lot of manpower and material resources to study, this is not in a hurry, anyway, the current TV set is not very demanding on this, as long as you make the rest, I am very happy!" Oh, by the way, Xiao Hei, will you be able to remotely control integrated circuits? ”

"Remote control integrated circuits? Is it used in a small one with a lot of buttons to control something on a product? Xiao Hei asked suspiciously.

Fu Xin nodded and said: "Yes, it is used on the remote control, I want to use this to control the TV, which is the kind of thing that emits light waves through the infrared diode, and the light waves are converted into electrical signals through the infrared receiver of the receiver, and the processor is decoded, and the corresponding instructions are demodulated to achieve the required operation requirements of the control set-top box and other equipment." ”

"Infrared?" Xiao Hei asked suspiciously: "No, I heard my grandfather say that it is controlled by ultrasound, because the frequency of each button is different, so it can meet the requirements of adjusting the channel and volume." ”

I accidentally said that I missed my mouth, because the semiconductor device for sending and receiving infrared rays was only invented in 1980, and there is no such thing in China, and even if there is, it is in those top research institutes, and it is not known to outsiders at all.

Fu Xin had no choice but to cover up: "Oh, look at my brain, the semiconductor device that transmits and receives infrared rays is what I saw in a foreign magazine some time ago.

It emits light waves through infrared diodes, and the light waves are converted into electrical signals through the infrared receiver of the receiver, which is decoded by the processor and de-called out the corresponding instructions to achieve the required operation requirements for the control of set-top boxes and other equipment, which is not yet available in China. ”

"Oh! Brother, can you lend me that magazine? "Xiao Hei, like the Army, is a technical freak, and when he heard something he hadn't heard of, he immediately became very interested, and he no longer had the previous form of rejecting people thousands of miles away.

Where can Fu Xin get this thing, Fu Xin had no choice but to say curtly: "This thing, I saw in Xiangjiang a few days ago, this kind of magazine in China is not sold at all, and it is almost not circulated. I can't bring it in, so there's no way to ......," Fu Xin spread his hands, shrugged his shoulders, and pretended to be helpless.

"Oh!" Xiao Hei was very disappointed, but he didn't expect this to be just a flash in the pan.

Seeing Xiao Hei's depressed look, Fu Xin immediately comforted: "Xiao Hei, don't be sad, I have almost figured out this semiconductor device for sending and receiving infrared rays, I'll tell you about it." ”

Hearing Fu Xin's words, Xiao Hei's eyes lit up, and then he looked at Fu Xin expectantly, waiting for Fu Xin to explain to him.

Fu Xin saw that he had reached the foot of the mountain, and he had no paper and pen for a while, so he couldn't write and draw next to it, and then describe it, so he had to say to Xiao Hei: "Xiao Hei, we have arrived, let's bring things to the mountain first!" I couldn't explain this semiconductor device that transmits and receives infrared rays for a while, because it involves circuit diagrams, and I can't explain it clearly without paper and pen to draw circuit diagrams. I don't have the ability to describe it in a vacuum. ”

"Oh!" Although Xiao Hei was itchy because he couldn't understand it in time, he also knew that he couldn't be sloppy in his studies, so he nodded.

"Come on, you can move this box of wine." Fu Xin opened the car door, took out a box of wine from the car, handed it to Xiao Hei's hand, and said.

"Give me a little more, I can still get it!" Xiao Hei dragged the box of wine with both hands and asked.

Fu Xin waved his hand and rejected Xiao Hei's kindness. (To be continued.) )